Handbook of Polymer Composites for Engineers

This book introduces the engineer to fibers and polymer matrices, which are the components of the polymer composites for structural engineering. The authors also provide a simple guide, in tabular form, to the principal fabrication techniques, the basic design formulae, and the methods for structural composites systems and connections.

Preface

ix

(2)

List of contributors

xi

Part I Introduction

1

(70)

1 Fibre reinforced polymers

3

(68)

LESLIE S. NORWOOD

1.1 History of fibre reinforced polymer materials

3

(2)

1.2 Resins

5

(16)

1.3 Additives to resins

21

(2)

1.4 Reinforcements

23

(10)

1.5 Properties of composite materials

33

(30)

1.6 Health and safety

63

(8)

Part II Techniques for manufacture of composites

71

(34)

2 Manufacturing processes

73

(26)

PHILIP BALL

2.1 Introduction

73

(1)

2.2 Open mould processes

74

(9)

2.3 Closed mould processes

83

(11)

2.4 Continuous processes

94

(5)

3 Finishing methods

99

(6)

PHILIP BALL

3.1 Introduction

99

(1)

3.2 Cutting

99

(2)

3.3 Surface finishing

101

(1)

3.4 Joining

102

(3)

Part III Structural design of polymer composites

105

(94)

4 Methodology and management of a design project

107

(9)

ANTHONY MARCHANT

4.1 Introduction

107

(1)

4.2 Design considerations

107

(4)

4.3 The need for design management

111

(1)

4.4 The design process

111

(3)

4.5 Design potential

114

(1)

4.6 References

115

(1)

5 Procedures for designing materials

116

(20)

LEONARD HOLLAWAY

5.1 The principles of design analysis

116

(1)

5.2 Requirements of materials' design

116

(6)

5.3 Characteristics of materials

122

(5)

5.4 General laminates

127

(4)

5.5 Sandwich construction materials

131

(3)

5.6 Concluding remarks

134

(1)

5.7 References

135

(1)

6 Structural component design techniques

136

(45)

ALASTAIR JOHNSON

6.1 Introduction

136

(4)

6.2 Design of composite panels

140

(8)

6.3 Design of thin-walled beam structures

148

(15)

6.4 Design of sandwich structures

163

(8)

6.5 Design of thin-walled vessels

171

(6)

6.6 Concluding remarks

177

(2)

6.7 References

179

(2)

7 Limit state design method

181

(18)

PETER HEAD

7.1 Introduction

181

(1)

7.2 General principles of limit state design

181

(5)

7.3 Characteristics of FRP materials

186

(3)

7.4 Application of partial coefficient method

189

(4)

7.5 Example

193

(3)

7.6 References

196

(3)

Part IV Joints

199

(44)

8 Bonded and mechanically fastened joints

201

(42)

FRANK L. MATTHEWS

8.1 Introduction

201

(1)

8.2 Joint types

202

(1)

8.3 Mechanism of load transfer

202

(1)

8.4 Bonded joints

203

(20)

8.5 Mechanically fastened joints

223

(17)

8.6 Bolted-bonded joints

240

(1)

8.7 References

241

(2)

Part V Case studies

243

(91)

9 Design of bottom shell laminate for GFRP vessel

245

(17)

ANTHONY MARCHANT

9.1 Bottom skin/stiffener design

249

(6)

9.2 Deck sandwich structure

255

(6)

9.3 References

261

(1)

10 The walkways at Terminal 2, Heathrow Airport: Designing for fire performance

262

(19)

D. BERRY

10.1 Introduction

262

(1)

10.2 Fire performance

263

(1)

10.3 Theory of fire performance

264

(2)

10.4 Fire tests

266

(8)

10.5 The future

274

(1)

10.6 The European market

274

(1)

10.7 The cone calorimeter

275

(1)

10.8 Designing the Heathrow Terminal 2 walkway panels: Class 0

276

(1)

10.9 Fire resistance

276

(1)

10.10 Conclusions

277

(1)

10.11 Bibliography

278

(3)

11 Design of a commercial vehicle sideguard system

281

(10)

PETER HEAD

11.1 Introduction

281

(1)

11.2 Design development

281

(3)

11.3 Structural analysis

284

(1)

11.4 Design of pultruded beams using the limit state design method

285

(3)

11.5 Manufacturing specifications, tooling and production

288

(1)

11.6 Proof testing of the system

289

(1)

11.7 In-service performance

290

(1)

12 Design and production of a composite chassis component in the automotive industry

291

(12)

G. F. SMITH

12.1 Introduction

291

(1)

12.2 Development strategy

292

(1)

12.3 Component selection and feasibility

292

(4)

12.4 Component design

296

(1)

12.5 Design analysis

296

(1)

12.6 Numerically controlled tool production

297

(1)

12.7 RIM manufacture

298

(1)

12.8 RIM

299

(1)

12.9 Process conclusions

300

(1)

12.10 Prototype and further work

301

(1)

12.11 Design composite storage and access using knowledge based systems

301

(1)

12.12 References

302

(1)

13 The use of pultruded profiles in a structural application

303

(6)

J. A. QUINN

13.1 Introduction

303

(2)

13.2 An example of selective design

305

(3)

13.3 Bibliography

308

(1)

14 GFRP minesweeper: pre-production test structure with box core sandwich construction

309

(16)

A. E. DAVEY

14.1 History

309

(1)

14.2 Description

309

(1)

14.3 Design requirements

309

(1)

14.4 Design approach

310

(2)

14.5 Structural analysis

312

(1)

14.6 Shock loads

312

(1)

14.7 Manufacturing challenges

322

(2)

14.8 Test results

324

(1)

15 Shield for 4.5 inch Mark 8 gun manufactured by Vickers and used on Type 42 destroyers

325

(9)

A. E. DAVEY

15.1 Reason for composite materials

325

(1)

15.2 Design requirements

325

(1)

15.3 Design approach

325

(1)

15.4 Structural analysis

326

(1)

15.5 Tests

326

(1)

15.6 Manufacturing and challenges

326

(1)

15.7 Quality assurance for structural reliability

327

(1)

15.8 Service experience

327

(1)

15.9 References

328

(6)

Index

334

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Handbook of Polymer Composites for Engineers

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials