How to Read Pediatric Ecgs

Introducing a new edition of the popular text for medical students, residents, and practitioners on interpreting electrocardiograms in children. Pediatric cardiologists Dr. Myung Park and Dr. Warren Guntheroth teach the vectorial approach to pediatric ECG interpretation in a simple and practical way. How to Read Pediatric ECGs contains over 200 actual size ECG tracings, review questions, case studies for board review. Now with a 2 color design Case Studies teach a systematic approach to interpreting ECG results Review questions at end of each chapter assist with board preparation and self-assessment Actual size tracings allows readers to measure intervals and durations of sample tracings accurately

Preface to the Fourth Edition

vii

Preface to the First Edition

ix

List of Frequently Used Abbreviations

xiii

Vectorial Approach

1

(9)

Vectorcardiography Versus Scalar Electrocardiography

1

(1)

What is a Vectorial Approach?

2

(1)

Hexaxial Reference System

3

(1)

Horizontal Reference System

4

(1)

Information Available On the 12-Lead Scalar Electrocardiogram

5

(1)

Correlation of the Vectorcardiogram and the Scalar Electrocardiogram

6

(2)

Review Questions

8

(2)

Basic Measurements

10

(25)

Review of Cardiac Electrophysiology

10

(1)

Routine Measurements

11

(20)

Morphology and terminology of ECG Deflections

31

(1)

Review Questions

32

(3)

Normal Electrocardiograms

35

(10)

Age-Related Electrocardiographic Changes

35

(9)

Review Questions

44

(1)

Normal ECG Values and Deviation From Normal

45

(17)

Normal Electrocardiographic Values

45

(1)

Heart Rate

46

(1)

Rhythm

47

(1)

P Wave

48

(1)

PR Ineterval

49

(1)

QRS Complex

50

(6)

ST Segment

56

(2)

QRS-T Angle

58

(1)

QT Interval

58

(3)

Review Questions

61

(1)

Hypertrophy

62

(21)

Atrial Hypertrophy

62

(5)

Ventricular Hypertrophy

67

(5)

Examples of Ventricular Hypertrophy

72

(9)

Review Questions

81

(2)

Ventricular Conduction Disturbances

83

(23)

Normal Ventricular Depolarization

84

(1)

Right Bundle Branch Block

84

(6)

Left Bundle Branch Block

90

(3)

Hemiblocks or Fascicular Blocks

93

(2)

Intraventricular Block

95

(1)

Ventricular Hypertrophy vs. Conduction Disturbances

96

(1)

Implanted Ventricular Pacemaker

97

(3)

Preexcitation

100

(4)

Review Questions

104

(2)

Changes in ST Segment and T Wave

106

(17)

Nonpathologic ST-T Changes

107

(1)

Pathologic ST-T Changes

108

(10)

Changes in Lenth of ST-Segment and QT Interval

118

(3)

Review Questions

121

(2)

Arrhythmias and Atrioventricular Block

123

(23)

Mechanisms of Abnormal P Wave and QRS Complex

124

(2)

Basic Arrhythmias

126

(15)

Disturbances of Atrioventricular Conduction

141

(3)

Review Questions

144

(2)

Chamber Localization

146

(11)

Locating the Atria and Ventricles

147

(2)

Locating Abnormal Chambers

149

(6)

Review Questions

155

(2)

Systematic Approach

157

(45)

Analysis of Arrhythmias and Atrioventricular Conduction Disturbances

202

(44)

The Rhythm Method

202

(1)

The P-Wave Method

203

(1)

The Walk-Out Method

204

(1)

The Rule of Major Arrhythmias and Atrioventricular Blocks

205

(41)

Appendix/How to Avoid Common Errors in Recording

246

(13)

Classification of Congenital Heart Disease According to ECG and Clinical and Physiologic Status

252

(2)

Tables of Normal Electrocardiographic Values

254

(1)

Answers to Review Questions

255

(4)

Subject Index

259

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How to Read Pediatric Ecgs

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials