Introduction to International Development Approaches, Actors, Issues, and Practice

Introduction to International Development integrates the work of leading experts from disciplines as varied as geography, history, sociology, political science, economics, gender studies, and anthropology. Contributed chapters present foundational overviews as well as in-depth coverage of issues at the heart of today's most pressing international debates. In addition to a new part focussed exclusively on the practice of international development with six new chapters on measuring poverty, planning projects, development ethics, humanitarian assistance, and global poverty reduction, this edition has new chapters on alternatives to development, gender and development, China and the emerging economies, and climate change.

Paul Haslam, Associate Professor, International Development and Globalization, University of Ottawa,Jessica Shafer, Assistant Manager of Performance Audit, Office of the Auditor General of British Columbia,Pierre Beaudet, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Ottawa

Boxes, Figures, and Tables
From the Publisher
Acknowledgements
Acronyms
Contributors
Part I Theories and Approaches in International Development
1. Meaning, Measurement, and Morality in International Development, Jessica Schafer, Paul A. Haslam, and Pierre Beaudet
What Is the Developing World?
Labelling in International Development
Growth, Inequality, Poverty, and Development
Global Ethics and International Development
Ethical Behaviour and the Development Practitioner
2. Imperialism and the Colonial Experience, Eric Allina
European Expansion and Conquest
Rival Empires of Trade
"High" Imperialism in Africa
Common Themes in the Colonial Experience
3. Theories of Development, Radhika Desai
Development Avant La Lettre
The Moment of Development
Disputing Development
Conclusion: Whither Development?
4. Post-Development and Alternatives to Development (NEW!), Aram Ziai
The Origins of Post-Development
Post-Development: Core Arguments
Alternatives to Development
Debating Post-Development
Conclusion: Two Positions
5. Gender and Development: Theoretical Contributions, International Commitments and Global Campaigns (NEW!), Rebecca Tiessen, Jane Parpart and Marianne H. Marchand
Introduction
Theoretical Contributions and Feminist Insights
Masculinities, Gender-based Violence and (In)security
International Commitments and Global Campaigns
Taking Stock: Achievements, Possibilities and Ongoing Gaps in Gender and Development
6. Globalization and Development, Pierre Beaudet
Introduction
Globalization and Developing Countries
Another Globalization?
Movement from Below
Can the World Change?
Facing the Biggest Challenge
Looking Ahead
Part II International Development Actors
7. State of the State: Does the State Have a Role in Development?, Anil Hira
What is the State? The Legacy of Colonialism
Defining the State's Role in Development
Central Debates about the Role of the State in Economic Development
Governance as a Process of Democratization
8. National Development Agencies and Bilateral Aid, Stephen Brown
Clarifying the Terminology
Overview of Aid Donors
Donor Motives
Characteristics of Donors
Aid Recipients
Current Trends and Controversies
9. The International Financial Institutions, Marcus Taylor
Introduction
The Origins of the IMF and World Bank
Governance Structures
The Turbulent 1970s
The Debt Crisis, Structural Adjustment, and Conditionality
Beyond Structural Adjustment?
The World Bank, Good Governance, and Institution-Building
The IMF and the Asian Crisis
Into the New Millennium: Poverty Reduction and Country Ownership
A New Crisis or a New Beginning?
10. The United Nations and Multilateral Actors in Development, David Sogge
The United Nations System
The Agencies
Trends and Prospects for UN Agencies
Multilateral Organizations Anchored in Western Governments
Multilateral Organizations Anchored in Non-Western Governments
One World, Many Regions
11. Private Enterprise and Development, Paul A. Haslam
Entrepreneurship and Small-Scale Enterprise
What Is a Multinational Corporation?
What Motivates Multinationals to Go Abroad?
Relationship between States and Multinationals
International Regulation of Mncs
Corporate Social Responsibility
Partnerships for Development
Conclusion
12. Civil Society and Development, Henry Veltmeyer
Civil Society: The Itinerary of a Concept
Civil Society in Context
The Economic and Political Dynamics of Development and Civil Society
The Emergence of a Global Civil Society: The Political Dynamics of Anti-Globalization
Civil Society and Local Development
NGOs: Catalysts for Development or Agents of Outside Interests?
Civil Society and Multinational Corporations
Development beyond Neoliberalism: Civil Society and the State
Globalization, the State, and Civil Society
Part III Issues in International Development
13. China and the Emerging Economies (NEW!), Jing Gu
Introduction
China's Approach to International Development
China in Africa
New Development Thinking and Institutions
The BRICS and Other Emerging Economies
Conclusion
14. Debt and Development, Joseph Hanlon and Tim Jones
Lending to Developing Countries
Governments, Politics, the Cold War, and the Debt Crisis
The 1980s Debt Crisis and HIPC Initiative
The South and the Poor Pay to Solve the Northern Crisis
What Is the Responsibility of the Lender?
15. Free Trade, Fair Trade, and South-South Trade, Gavin Fridell
Introduction
Free Trade and Fair Trade Since 1945
The Limits of a Trade Perspective: "It's Not about Free Trade"
The Rise of South-South Trade
The Future of International Trade: "Dynamic" or "Defying" Comparative Advantage?
16. Democracy, Cedric Jourde
Clarifying the Concepts: A Difficult Task
"Waves" of Democratization
Explaining Democratization: Structures or Actors? The National or International Arena?
After Democratic Transition: Consolidation or A Return to Authoritarian Rule?
The Causal Weight of Democratization in Economic and Social Development
17. Climate Change, Environment and Development (NEW!), Chukwumerije Okereke and Abu-Bakar S. Massaquoi
Introduction
The Central Paradox and Contending Approaches
A History of Global Environmentalism and International Cooperation for Sustainable Development
Climate Change
Controversies and Crosscutting Themes
18. Rural Development, Joshua J. Ramisch
Introduction
Putting the "Rural" in Context
Rural Transformations
Models
Challenges
19. Urban Development: Cities in the Global South, Anne Latendresse, Lisa Bornstein, and Jane Reid
Introduction
Understanding Urbanization
Urbanization across Time and Space
Urban Crisis and the Challenge of Sustainable Urban Development
Cities, Globalization, and Socio-Spatial Fragmentation
The Expansion of Slums
Forces of Change: International Institutions, Local Governments, and Grassroots Initiatives
The Right to the City
Future Needs
20. Development and Health, Ted Schrecker
Introduction: Wealth, Health, and the Rest of the Story
"Great Divides" and Socio-Economic Gradients
Globalization and Health: Trade and Investment Agreements as a Case Study
The Changing Landscape of Global Health and Development Policy
Development and Health: The Uncertain Future
21. Conflict and Development, Torunn Wimpelmann and Astri Suhrke
Posing the Question
Definitions, Approaches, and Methods
Conflict and Development: Perspectives and Findings
Development as a Conflictual Process : No Development without Conflict?
Dealing with the Development-Conflict Nexus: Intervention and Peace-Building
Learning from History
22. Information Technologies and Development, Erwin A. Alampay
Technology and Society
The Information Society
ICTs and Society
The Digital Divide
Using ICTs for Development
23. Culture and Development, Nissim Mannathukkaren
Introduction
What Is Culture?
The Cultural versus the Material
Culture as Domination and Culture as Resistance
The Cultural Turn
Part IV Practice in International Development
24. Understanding Global Poverty Reduction: Ideas, Actors and Institutions (NEW!), David Hulme and Sophie King
Poverty in Social and Development Theory
Development as Poverty Reduction: A Brief History
Reducing Poverty: Ideas, Actors, and Institutions
Material Capabilities and National Interests
What Has Been Achieved?
Conclusions
25. Measuring and Evaluating Poverty (NEW!), Keetie Roelen
Introduction
Evolution of Thinking on Poverty
Monetary Poverty
Multi-dimensional Poverty
Different Measures, Different Outcomes
Poverty Measurement and Policy
26. Inequality and Social Policy (NEW!), Arjan de Haan
Introduction
What Is Inequality?
Approaches to Social Policy
Conclusion: Measuring Social Policy Success
27. Planning and Appraising Development Projects (NEW!), David Potts
What Is a Project?
The Project Process
Planning Projects and the Logical Framework
Project Appraisal
Financial Analysis
Economic Analysis
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and the Social Sectors
Sensitivity and Risk Analysis
28. Humanitarian Assistance and Intervention (NEW!), Laura Hammond
Introduction
History of Humanitarian Action
Dunantist and Wilsonian Humanitarian Organizations
Contemporary Challenges to Humanitarianism
Whose Responsibility to Respond?
The Challenges of Long-Term Recovery
Humanitarian Accountability
Political Economy of Humanitarian Assistance
Research and the Humanitarian Future
29. Ethics of Development (NEW!), Des Gasper
Introduction
Historical Context
Justice and Harm; Rights and Responsibilities
Reflection on Meanings of Well-Being and Ill-Being
Activities and Tools in Development Ethics
Conclusion