The Longman Anthology of British Literature, Volume II
, by Damrosch, David; Dettmar, Kevin J. H.; Baswell, Christopher; Carroll, Clare; Hadfield, Andrew David; Henderson, Heather; Manning, Peter J.; Schotter, Anne Howland; Sharpe, William Chapman; Sherman, Stuart; Wolfson, Susan J.
- ISBN: 9780205655199 | 020565519X
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 10/20/2009
The Longman Anthology of British Literaturewas the first collection to pay sustained attention to the contexts within which literature was produced. Canonical authors are presented alongside newly visible authors. New to this edition, informative fact sheets open each volume providing an easily digestible glimpse of life during each period. The up-to-date introductions and notes are written by an editorial team whose members are all actively engaged in teaching and in current scholarship.
David Damrosch is Professor of Comparative Literature at Harvard University. He is a past president of the American Comparative Literature Association, and has written widely on world literature from antiquity to the present. His books include What Is World Literature? (2003), The Buried Book: The Loss and Rediscovery of the Great Epic of Gilgamesh (2007), and How to Read World Literature (2009). He is the founding general editor of the six-volume Longman Anthology of World Literature, 2/e (2009) and the editor of Teaching World Literature (2009).
Kevin J. H. Dettmar is W. M. Keck Professor and Chair, Department of English, at Pomona College, and Past President of the Modernist Studies Association. He is the author of The Illicit Joyce of Postmodernism and Is Rock Dead?, and the editor of Rereading the New: A Backward Glance at Modernism; Marketing Modernisms: Self-Promotion, Canonization, and Rereading; Reading Rock & Roll: Authenticity, Appropriation, Aesthetics; the Barnes & Noble Classics edition of James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Dubliners; and The Blackwell Companion to Modernist Literature and Culture, and co-general editor of The Longman Anthology of British Literature.
Christopher Baswell is A. W. Olin Chair of English at Barnard College, and Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University. His interests include classical literature and culture, medieval literature and culture, and contemporary poetry. He is author of Virgil in Medieval England: Figuring the "Aeneid" from the Twelfth Century to Chaucer, which won the 1998 Beatrice White Prize of the English Association. He has held fellowships from the NEH, the National Humanities Center, and the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
Clare Carroll is Director of Renaissance Studies at The Graduate Center, City University of New York and Professor of Comparative Literature at Queens College and at The Graduate Center, CUNY. Her research is in Renaissance Studies, with particular interests in early modern colonialism, epic poetry, historiography, and translation. She is the author of The Orlando Furioso: A Stoic Comedy, and editor of Richard Beacon's humanist dialogue on the colonization of Ireland, Solon His Follie. Her most recent book is Circe's Cup: Cultural Transformations in Early Modern Ireland. She has received Fulbright Fellowships for her research and the Queens College President's Award for Excellence in Teaching.
Andrew Hadfield is Professor of English at The University of Sussex. He is the author of a number of books, including Shakespeare and Republicanism (2005), which was awarded the 2006 Sixteenth-Century Society Conference Roland H. Bainton Prize for Literature; Literature, Travel and Colonialism in the English Renaissance, 1540-1625 (1998); and Spenser's Irish Experience: Wilde Fruyt and Salvage Soyl (1997). He has also edited a number, most recently, with Matthew Dimmock, Religions of the Book: Co-existence and Conflict, 1400-1660 (2008), and with Raymond Gillespie, The Oxford History of the Irish Book, Vol. III: The Irish Book in English, 1550-1800 (2006). He is a regular reviewer for the TLS.
Heather Henderson is a freelance writer and former Associate Professor of English Literature at Mount Holyoke College. A specialist in Victorian literature, she is the recipient of a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Humanities. She is the author of The Victorian Self: Autobiography and Biblical Narrative. Her current interests include home-schooling, travel literature, and autobiography.
Peter J. Manning is Professor at Stony Brook University. He is the author of Byron and His Fictions and Reading Romantics, and of numerous essays on the British Romantic poets and prose writers. With Susan J. Wolfson, he has co-edited Selected Poems of Byron, and Selected Poems of Beddoes, Hood, and Praed. He has received fellowships from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, and the Distinguished Scholar Award of the Keats-Shelley Association.
Anne Howland Schotter is Professor and Chair of English and Associate Dean of the Faculty at Wagner College. She is the co-editor of Ineffability: Naming the Unnamable from Dante to Beckett and author of articles on Middle English poetry, Dante, and Medieval Latin poetry. Her current interests include the medieval reception of classical literature, particularly the work of Ovid. She has held fellowships from the Woodrow Wilson and Andrew W. Mellon foundations.
William Sharpe is Professor of English Literature at Barnard College. A specialist in Victorian poetry and the literature of the city, he is the author of Unreal Cities: Urban Figuration in Wordsworth, Baudelaire, Whitman, Eliot, and Williams. He is also co-editor of The Passing of Arthur and Visions of the Modern City. He is the recipient of Guggenheim, National Endowment of the Humanities, Fulbright, and Mellon fellowships, and recently published New York Nocturne: The City After Dark in Literature, Painting, and Photography.
Stuart Sherman is Associate Professor of English at Fordham University. He received the Gottschalk Prize from the American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies for his book Telling Time: Clocks, Diaries, and English Diurnal Form, 1660-1775, and is currently at work on a study called “News and Plays: Evanescences of Page and Stage, 1620-1779.” He has received the Quantrell Award for Undergraduate Teaching, as well as fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societies, the Chicago Humanities Institute, and Princeton University.
Susan J. Wolfson is Professor of English at Princeton University and is general editor of Longman Cultural Editions. A specialist in Romanticism, her critical studies include The Questioning Presence: Wordsworth, Keats, and the Interrogative Mode in Romantic Poetry, Formal Charges: The Shaping of Poetry in British Romanticism, and Borderlines: The Shiftings of Gender in British Romanticism. She has also produced editions of Felicia Hemans, Lord Byron, Thomas L. Beddoes, William M. Praed, Thomas Hood, as well as the Longman Cultural Edition of Shelley’s Frankenstein. She received Distinguished Scholar Award from Keats-Shelley Association, and grants and fellowships from American Council of Learned Societies, National Endowment for the Humanities, J. S. Guggenheim Foundation, and Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. She is President (2009-2010) of the Association of Literary Scholars, Critics, and Writers.
CONTENTS
Additional Resources xliii
Preface xlvii
Acknowledgments liii
The Romantics and Their Contemporaries
Illustration: Thomas Girtin, Tintern Abbey 2
THE ROMANTIC PERIOD AT A GLANCE 3
INTRODUCTION 7
LITERATURE AND THE AGE: “NOUGHT WAS LASTING” 7
ROMANCE, ROMANTICISM, AND THE POWERS OF THE IMAGINATION 8
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND ITS REVERBERATIONS 14
Illustration: Thomas Rowlandson, after a drawing by Lord George Murray,
The Contrast 16
THE MONARCHY 19
Illustration: Thomas Lawrence, Coronation Portrait of the Prince Regent
(later, George IV) 20
INDUSTRIAL ENGLAND AND “NEVER-RESTING LABOUR” 21
CONSUMERS AND COMMODITIES 25
Color Plate 1: John Martin, The Bard
Color Plate 2: Thomas Gainsborough, Mrs. Mary Robinson
Color Plate 3: Thomas Phillips, Lord Byron
Color Plate 4: Anonymous, Portrait of Olaudah Equiano
Color Plate 5: J. M. W. Turner, Slavers Throwing the Dead and Dying
Overboard, Typhoon Coming On
Color Plate 6: William Blake, The Little Black Boy (second plate only)
Color Plate 7: William Blake, The Little Black Boy (another version of #6)
Color Plate 8: William Blake, The Tyger
Color Plate 9: William Blake, The Sick Rose
Color Plate 10: Joseph Wright, An Iron Forge Viewed from Without
AUTHORSHIP, AUTHORITY, AND “ROMANTICISM” 27
POPULAR PROSE 30
Illustration: George Cruikshank, The Press 32
PERSPECTIVES
The Sublime, the Beautiful, and the Picturesque 34
Illustration: Thomas Rowlandson, Dr. Syntax Sketching by the Lake 35
Illustration: Joseph Mallord William Turner, The Passage of the St. Gothard,
1804 36
EDMUND BURKE 37
from A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime
and Beautiful 37
Illustration: Benjamin Robert Haydon, Study after the Elgin
Marbles 38
IMMANUEL KANT 44
from The Critique of Judgement 44
WILLIAM GILPIN 47
Illustration: Edward Dayes, Tintern Abbey from across the
Wye, 1794 48
from Three Essays on Picturesque Beauty, on Picturesque Travel,
and on Sketching Landscape 48
Illustration: From William Gilpin’s Three Essays, 1792 51
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 52
from A Vindication of the Rights of Men 52
JANE AUSTEN 54
from Pride and Prejudice 54
from Northanger Abbey 55
MARIA JANE JEWSBURY 56
A Rural Excursion 57
ANNA LETITIA BARBAULD 61
The Mouse’s Petition to Dr. Priestley 62
On a Lady’s Writing 63
Inscription for an Ice-House 63
To a Little Invisible Being Who Is Expected Soon to Become
Visible 64
To the Poor 65
Washing-Day 66
Eighteen Hundred and Eleven 68
RESPONSE
John Wilson Croker: from A Review of Eighteen Hundred
and Eleven 76h
The First Fire 78
On the Death of the Princess Charlotte 80
CHARLOTTE SMITH 81
from ELEGIAC SONNETS AND OTHER POEMS 82
To the Moon 82
“Sighing I see yon little troop at play” 82
Illustration: Charlotte Smith, engraving for Sonnet IV, “To the Moon” 83
To melancholy. Written on the banks of the Arun October, 1785 84
Far on the sands 84
To tranquillity 84
Written in the church-yard at Middleton in Sussex 85
On being cautioned against walking on an headland overlooking the sea 85
The sea view 86
The Dead Beggar 86
The Emigrants, Book 1 87
from Beachy Head 99
PERSPECTIVES
The Rights of Man and the Revolution Controversy 104
HELEN MARIA WILLIAMS 104
from Letters Written in France, in the Summer of 1790 105
EDMUND BURKE 109
from Reflections on the Revolution in France 109
Illustration: James Gillray, Smelling out a Rat; –– or The Atheistical
Revolutionist disturbed in his Midnight Calculations 110
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 118
from A Vindication of the Rights of Men 119
Letter to Joseph Johnson, from Paris, December 27, 1792 127
THOMAS PAINE 127
from The Rights of Man 128
HELEN MARIA WILLIAMS 134
from Letters from France, 1796 134
WILLIAM GODWIN 140
from An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and Its Influence on General
Virtue and Happiness 140
THE ANTI-JACOBIN, OR WEEKLY EXAMINER 145
The Friend of Humanity and the Knife-Grinder 146
The Widow 146
Illustration: James Gillray, illustration to The Friend of Humanity and the
Knife-Grinder 147
HANNAH MORE 148
Village Politics 149
ARTHUR YOUNG 156
from Travels in France During the Years 1787—1788, and 1789 157
from The Example of France, a Warning to Britain 158
WILLIAM BLAKE 161
All Religions Are One (Web)
There Is No Natural Religion [a] (Web)
There Is No Natural Religion [b] (Web)
SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE 163
Illustration: William Blake, frontispiece for Songs of Innocence 164
from Songs of Innocence 165
Introduction 165
The Shepherd 165
The Ecchoing Green 165
The Lamb 166
Illustration: William Blake, The Lamb 167
The Little Black Boy 167
The Blossom 168
The Chimney Sweeper 168
Illustration: William Blake, The Little Boy lost 169
The Little Boy lost 169
Illustration: William Blake, The Little Boy found 170
The Little Boy found 170
The Divine Image 170
HOLY THURSDAY 171
Nurses Song 171
Infant Joy 172
A Dream 172
On Anothers Sorrow 173
COMPANION READING
Charles Lamb: from The Praise of Chimney-Sweepers (Web)
from Songs of Experience 174
Introduction 174
EARTH’S Answer 174
The CLOD & the PEBBLE 175
HOLY THURSDAY 175
The Little Girl Lost 176
The Little Girl Found 177
THE Chimney Sweeper 179
NURSES Song 179
The SICK ROSE 179
Illustration: William Blake, THE Chimney Sweeper 180
Illustration: William Blake, THE FLY 181
THE FLY 181
The Angel 182
The Tyger 182
My Pretty ROSE TREE 183
AH! SUN-FLOWER 183
The GARDEN of LOVE 183
LONDON 184
The Human Abstract 184
INFANT SORROW 185
A Little BOY Lost 185
Illustration: William Blake, A POISON TREE 186
A Little GIRL Lost 186
The School-Boy 187
A DIVINE IMAGE 188
The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 188
Visions of the Daughters of Albion 202
Illustration: William Blake, Plate i from Visions of the Daughters of Albion 202
Illustration: William Blake, Plate 8, from Visions of the Daughters of Albion 208
LETTERS 209
To Dr. John Trusler (23 August 1799) 209
To Thomas Butts (22 November 1802) 211
PERSPECTIVES
The Abolition of Slavery and the Slave Trade 214
OLAUDAH EQUIANO 215
from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah
Equiano 216
MARY PRINCE 224
from The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave 225
THOMAS BELLAMY 229
The Benevolent Planters 229
JOHN NEWTON 235
Amazing Grace! 236
ANN CROMARTIE YEARSLEY 236
from A Poem on the Inhumanity of the Slave-Trade 237
WILLIAM COWPER 241
Sweet Meat Has Sour Sauce 242
The Negro’s Complaint 243
ANNA LETITIA BARBAULD 244
Epistle to William Wilberforce, Esq., On the Rejection of the Bill for Abolishing
the Slave Trade 245
HANNAH MORE AND EAGLESFIELD SMITH 247
The Sorrows of Yamba 248
ROBERT SOUTHEY 253
from Poems Concerning the Slave-Trade 253
DOROTHY WORDSWORTH 257
from The Grasmere Journals 257
THOMAS CLARKSON 257
from The History of the Rise, Progress, & Accomplishment of the Abolition of
the African Slave-Trade by the British Parliament 258
Illustration: Packing methods on a slave ship 264
WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 266
To Toussaint L’Ouverture 266
To Thomas Clarkson 267
from The Prelude 267
from Humanity 268
Letter to Mary Ann Rawson (May 1833) 269
THE EDINBURGH REVIEW 269
from Abstract of the Information laid on the Table of the House of Commons,
on the Subject of the Slave Trade 270
GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON 272
from Detached Thoughts 272
MARY ROBINSON 273
Ode to Beauty 274
January, 1795 275
from Sappho and Phaon, in a Series of Legitimate Sonnets 276
III. The Bower of Pleasure 277
IV. Sappho discovers her Passion 277
VII. Invokes Reason 277
XI. Rejects the Influence of Reason 278
XII. Previous to her Interview with Phaon 278
XVIII. To Phaon 278
XXX. Bids farewell to Lesbos 279
XXXVII. Foresees her Death 279
The Camp 279
The Haunted Beach 281
London’s Summer Morning 282
The Old Beggar 284
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT 286
Illustration: Portrait of Mary Wollstonecraft 286
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 288
from To M. Talleyrand-Périgord, Late Bishop of Autun 288
Introduction 290
from Chapter 1. The Rights and Involved Duties of Mankind
Considered 293
from Chapter 2. The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character
Discussed 295
from Chapter 3. The Same Subject Continued 304
from Chapter 5. Animadversions on Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered
Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt 308
from Chapter 13. Some Instances of the Folly Which the Ignorance
of Women Generates; with Concluding Reflections on the Moral
Improvement That a Revolution in Female Manners Might Naturally
Be Expected to Produce 308
RESPONSES
Anna Letitia Barbauld, The Rights of Woman 310
Ann Yearsley, The Indifferent Shepherdess to Colin 311
Robert Southey, To Mary Wollstonecraft 312
William Blake, from Mary 313h
from The Wrongs of Woman, or Maria (Web)
PERSPECTIVES
The Wollstonecraft Controversy and the Rights of Women 315
CATHARINE MACAULAY 315
from Letters on Education 316
RICHARD POLWHELE 318
from The Unsex’d Females 319
PRISCILLA BELL WAKEFIELD (Web)
from Reflections on the Present Condition of the Female Sex (Web)
MARY ANN RADCLIFFE (Web)
from The Female Advocate (Web)
HANNAH MORE 323
from Strictures on the Modern System of Female Education 324
MARY LAMB 327
Letter to The British Lady’s Magazine 328
WILLIAM THOMPSON AND ANNA WHEELER 332
from Appeal of One Half the Human Race, Women, Against the Pretensions of
the Other Half, Men, to Retain Them in Political, and Thence in Civil and
Domestic Slavery 333
JOANNA BAILLIE 339
Plays on the Passions 340
from Introductory Discourse 340
London 345
A Mother to Her Waking Infant 346
A Child to His Sick Grandfather 347
Thunder 348
Song: Woo’d and Married and A’ 350
LITERARY BALLADS 351
RELIQUES OF ANCIENT ENGLISH POETRY 352
Sir Patrick Spence 353
JAMES MACPHERSON 354
Carric-Thura: A Poem 355
ROBERT BURNS 358
To a Mouse 359
To a Louse 360
Flow gently, sweet Afton 361
Ae fond kiss 362
Comin’ Thro’ the Rye (1) 363
Comin’ Thro’ the Rye (2) 363
Scots, wha hae wi’ Wallace bled 364
Is there for honest poverty 365
RESPONSE
Charlotte Smith, To the shade of Burns 366h
A Red, Red Rose 366
Auld Lang Syne 367
The Fornicator. A New Song 368
THOMAS MOORE 369
The harp that once through Tara’s halls 369
Believe me, if all those endearing young charms 370
The time I’ve lost in wooing 370
WILLIAM WORDSWORTH 371
LYRICAL BALLADS (1798) 373
Simon Lee 373
Anecdote for Fathers 376
We are seven 377
Lines written in early spring 379
The Thorn 380
Note to The Thorn (1800) 386
Expostulation and Reply 387
The Tables Turned 388
Old Man Travelling 389
Lines written a few miles above Tintern Abbey 390
LYRICAL BALLADS (1800, 1802) 394
from Preface 394
[The Principal Object of the Poems. Humble and Rustic Life] 395
[“The Spontaneous Overflow of Powerful Feelings”] 396
[The Language of Poetry] 397
[What is a Poet?] 400
[The Function of Metre] 403
[“Emotion Recollected in Tranquillity”] 404
“There was a Boy” 407
“Strange fits of passion have I known” 407
Song (“She dwelt among th’ untrodden ways”) 408
“A slumber did my spirit seal” 409
Lucy Gray 409
Poor Susan 411
Nutting 411
“Three years she grew in sun and shower” 413
The Old Cumberland Beggar 414
Michael 418
RESPONSES
Francis Jeffrey: [“the new poetry”] 429
Charles Lamb: from a letter to William Wordsworth 433
Charles Lamb: from a letter to Thomas Manning 434h
SONNETS, 1802—1807 435
Prefatory Sonnet (“Nuns fret not at their Convent’s narrow room”) 435
Composed upon Westminster Bridge, Sept. 3, 1802 436
“The world is too much with us” 436
“It is a beauteous Evening” 436
“I griev’d for Buonaparte” 437
London, 1802 437
THE PRELUDE, OR GROWTH OF A POET’S MIND 438
Book First. Introduction, Childhood, and School time 439
from Book Second. School time continued 454
[Two Consciousnesses] 454
[Blessed Infant Babe] 454
from Book Fourth. Summer Vacation 456
[A Simile for Autobiography] 456
[Encounter with a “Dismissed” Soldier] 457
from Book Fifth. Books 460
[Meditation on Books. The Dream of the Arab] 460
[A Drowning in Esthwaite’s Lake] 463
[“The Mystery of Words”] 464
from Book Sixth. Cambridge, and the Alps 464
[The Pleasure of Geometric Science] 464
[Arrival in France] 466
[Travelling in the Alps. Simplon Pass] 468
from Book Seventh. Residence in London 471
[A Blind Beggar. Bartholomew Fair] 471
from Book Ninth. Residence in France 475
[Paris] 475
[Revolution, Royalists, and Patriots] 479
from Book Tenth. Residence in France and French Revolution 481
[The Reign of Terror. Confusion. Return to England] 481
[Further Events in France] 484
[The Death of Robespierre and Renewed Optimism] 486
[Britain Declares War on France. The Rise of Napoleon and
Imperialist France] 488
from The Prelude 1850 490
[Apostrophe to Edmund Burke] 490
from Book Eleventh. Imagination, How Impaired and Restored 491
[Imagination Restored by Nature] 491
[“Spots of Time.” Two Memories from Childhood and Later
Reflections] 492
from Book Thirteenth. Conclusion 496
[Climbing Mount Snowdon. Moonlit Vista. Meditation on “Mind,” “Self,”
“Imagination,” “Fear,” and “Love”] 496
[Concluding Retrospect and Prophecy] 501
RESPONSE
Samuel Taylor Coleridge: To a Gentleman 503h
“I travell’d among unknown Men” 506
Resolution and Independence 506
RESPONSE
Lewis Carroll: Upon the Lonely Moor 510h
“I wandered lonely as a Cloud” 512
“My heart leaps up” 513
Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early
Childhood 513
The Solitary Reaper 519
Elegiac Stanzas (“Peele Castle”) 520
RESPONSE
Mary Shelley: On Reading Wordsworth’s Lines on Peele Castle 521h
“Surprized by joy” 522
The Excursion 523
“Scorn not the Sonnet” 524
Extempore Effusion upon the Death of James Hogg 524
DOROTHY WORDSWORTH 525
Grasmere–A Fragment 527
Address to a Child 529
Irregular Verses 530
Floating Island 533
Lines Intended for My Niece’s Album 534
Thoughts on My Sick-bed 535
When Shall I Tread Your Garden Path? 536
Lines Written (Rather Say Begun) on the Morning of Sunday
April 6th 537
from The Grasmere Journals 538
[Home Alone] 538
[A Leech Gatherer] 539
[A Woman Beggar] 540
[An Old Sailor] 540
[The Grasmere Mailman] 541
[A Vision of the Moon] 541
[A Field of Daffodils] 542
[A Beggar Woman from Cockermouth] 542
[The Circumstances of “Composed upon Westminster Bridge”] 543
[The Circumstances of “It is a beauteous Evening”] 543
[The Household in Winter, with William’s New Wife. Gingerbread] 544
LETTERS 544
To Jane Pollard [A Scheme of Happiness] 544
To Lady Beaumont [A Gloomy Christmas] 545
To Lady Beaumont [Her Poetry, William’s Poetry] 547
To Mrs Thomas Clarkson [Household Labors] 548
To Mrs Thomas Clarkson [A Prospect of Publishing] 549
To William Johnson [Mountain-Climbing with a Woman] 549
RESPONSES
Samuel Taylor Coleridge: from A letter to Joseph Cottle 552
Thomas De Quincey: from Recollections of the Lake
Poets 553
SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE 557
Sonnet to the River Otter 558
COMPANION READING
William Lisle Bowles: To the River Itchin, Near Winton 559h
The Eolian Harp 559
This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison 561
Frost at Midnight 563
from The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere (1798) 565
Part 1 565
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1817) 567
COMPANION READINGS
William Cowper: The Castaway 583
Samuel Taylor Coleridge: from Table Talk 584h
Christabel 585
COMPANION READING
Mary Elizabeth Coleridge: The Witch 601h
Kubla Khan 602
RESPONSE
Mary Robinson: To the Poet Coleridge 604h
The Pains of Sleep 606
Dejection: An Ode 607
LETTERS 611
To William Godwin 611
To Thomas Poole 612
On Donne’s Poetry 613
Work Without Hope 613
Constancy to an Ideal Object 614
Epitaph 614
from The Statesman’s Manual 615
[Symbol and Allegory] 615
from The Friend 615
[My Ghost-Theory] 615
Biographia Literaria 616
Chapter 4 617
[Wordsworth’s Earlier Poetry]
Chapter 11 618
[The Profession of Literature]
Chapter 13 619
[Imagination and Fancy]
Chapter 14 622
[Occasion of the Lyrical Ballads–Preface to the Second Edition–The Ensuing
Controversy]
[Philosophic Definitions of a Poem and Poetry]
Chapter 17 625
[Examination of the Tenets Peculiar to Mr. Wordsworth. Rustic Life and Poetic Language]
Chapter 22 628
[Defects of Wordsworth’s Poetry]
from Lectures on Shakespeare 629
[Mechanic vs. Organic Form] 629
[The Character of Hamlet] 630
[Stage Illusion and the Willing Suspension of Disbelief] 631
[Shakespeare’s Images] 632
[Othello] 633
* COLERIDGE’ S “LECTURES” AND THEIR TIME
Shakespeare in the Nineteenth Century 634
Charles Lamb [and Mary Lamb] Preface to Tales from Shakespear 635
Charles Lamb from On the Tragedies of Shakspeare 636
William Hazlitt from Lectures on the English Poets 639 • The Characters
of Shakespeare’s Plays 640
Thomas De Quincey On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth 640 *
GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON 644
She walks in beauty 646
So, we’ll go no more a-roving 647
Manfred 647
Illustration: Ford Madox Brown, Manfred on the Jungfrau, 1840 655
* “MANFRED” AND ITS TIME
The Byronic Hero 683
Byron’s Earlier Heroes from The Giaour 684 • from The Corsair 685
from Lara 685 • Prometheus 686 • from Childe Harold’s
Pilgrimage, Canto the Third [Napoleon Buonaparte] 687
Samuel Taylor Coleridge from The Statesman’s Manual [“Satanic Pride
and Rebellious Self-Idolatry”] 689
Caroline Lamb from Glenarvon 690
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley from Frankenstein; or The Modern
Prometheus 692
Felicia Hemans from The Widow of Crescentius 694
Percy Bysshe Shelley from Preface to Prometheus Unbound 695 • from
Prometheus Unbound, Act 1 695
Robert Southey from Preface to A Vision of Judgement 697
George Gordon, Lord Byron from The Vision of Judgment 698 *
CHILDE HAROLD’S PILGRIMAGE 699
from Canto the Third 699
[Waterloo Fields] 699
[Thunderstorm in the Alps] 704
[Byron’s Strained Idealism. Apostrophe to His Daughter] 705
from Canto the Fourth 707
[Rome. Political Hopes] 707
[The Coliseum. The Dying Gladiator] 709
[Apostrophe to the Ocean. Conclusion] 711
RESPONSES
John Wilson: from a review of Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage 713
John Scott: [Lord Byron’s Creations] 714h
DON JUAN 715
Dedication 716
Canto 1 720
from Canto 2 [Shipwreck Juan and Haidée] (Web)
from Canto 3 [Juan and Haidée The Poet for Hire] (Web)
from Canto 7 [Critique of Military “Glory”] (Web)
from Canto 11 [Juan in England] (Web)
Stanzas (“When a man hath no freedom to fight for at home”) 767
On This Day I Complete My Thirty-Sixth Year 767
LETTERS 768
To Thomas Moore [On Childe Harold Canto III] (28 January 1817) 768
To John Murray [On Don Juan] (6 April 1819) 769
To John Murray [On Don Juan] (12 August 1819) 770
To Douglas Kinnaird [On Don Juan] (26 October 1819) 771
To John Murray [On Don Juan] (16 February 1821) 773
PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY 773
To Wordsworth 775
Mont Blanc 776
Hymn to Intellectual Beauty 780
Ozymandias 782
Sonnet: “Lift not the painted veil” 782
Sonnet: England in 1819 783
The Mask of Anarchy 783
RESPONSE
Leigh Hunt: Introduction to The Mask of Anarchy (Web) h
Ode to the West Wind 794
To a Sky-Lark 796
RESPONSE
Thomas Hardy: Shelley’s Skylark (Web) h
To–(“Music, when soft voices die”) 798
Adonais 799
RESPONSES
George Gordon, Lord Byron: from Don Juan 814
George Gordon, Lord Byron: Letter to Percy Bysshe Shelley
(26 April 1821) 815
George Gordon, Lord Byron: Letter to John Murray
(30 July 1821) 815h
The Cloud 816
from Hellas 818
Chorus (“Worlds on worlds are rolling ever”) 818
Chorus (“The world’s great age begins anew”) 820
With a Guitar, to Jane 821
To Jane (“The keen stars”) 824
The Cenci (Web)
Julian and Maddalo (Web)
The Sensitive Plant (Web)
Letter to Maria Gisborne (Web)
RESPONSE?
Mary Shelley: Introductions to the Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley
(1824, 1839) (Web) h
from A Defence of Poetry 824
FELICIA HEMANS 835
Illustration: Edward Smith, after a painting by Edward Robinson, Portrait of
Felicia Hemans 836
from TALES, AND HISTORIC SCENES, IN VERSE 836
The Wife of Asdrubal 836
The Last Banquet of Antony and Cleopatra 838
Evening Prayer, at a Girls’ School 842
Casabianca 844
from RECORDS OF WOMAN, WITH OTHER POEMS 845
The Bride of the Greek Isle 845
Properzia Rossi 850
Indian Woman’s Death-Song 854
Joan of Arc, in Rheims 855
The Homes of England 858
The Graves of a Household 859
Corinne at the Capitol 860
Woman and Fame 861
RESPONSES
Francis Jeffrey: from A Review of Felicia Hemans’s Poetry 862
William Wordsworth: from Prefatory Note to Extempore Effusion 865h
JOHN CLARE 866
Written in November (manuscript) 867
Written in November 868
Songs Eternity 868
[The Lament of Swordy Well] 870
[The Mouse’s Nest] 874
Clock a Clay 875
“I Am” 875
The Mores 876
JOHN KEATS 878
Illustration: Charles Brown, Portrait of John Keats, 1819 879
On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer; from Leigh Hunt, “Young Poets”
(Examiner, 1 December 1816) 880
COMPANION READINGS
Alexander Pope: from Homer’s Iliad 883
George Chapman: from Homer’s Iliad 883
Alexander Pope: from Homer’s Odyssey 883
George Chapman: from Homer’s Odyssey 884h
“To one who has been long in city pent” 884
On the Grasshopper and Cricket 884
from Sleep and Poetry 885
RESPONSE
Z. [John Gibson Lockhart]: from On the Cockney School of Poetry 887
John Gibson Lockhart: from The Cockney School of
Poetry No. IV 890h
On Seeing the Elgin Marbles 892
On sitting down to read King Lear once again 892
Sonnet: When I have fears 893
The Eve of St. Agnes 894
La Belle Dame sans Merci (letter text) 904
La Belle Dame sans Mercy, with Leigh Hunt’s Preface
(The Indicator 1820) 906
Incipit altera Sonneta (“If by dull rhymes”) 908
THE ODES OF 1819 908
Ode to Psyche 909
Ode to a Nightingale 911
Ode on a Grecian Urn 913
Ode on Indolence 915
Ode on Melancholy 917
To Autumn 918
Lamia 919
The Fall of Hyperion: A Dream 936
“This living hand” 949
“Bright Star” 949
LETTERS 950
To Benjamin Bailey [“The Truth of Imagination”] (22 November 1817) 950
To George and Thomas Keats [“Intensity” and “Negative Capability”]
(December 1817) 951
To John Hamilton Reynolds [Wordsworth and “The Whims
of an Egotist”] (3 February 1818) 952
To John Taylor [“A Few Axioms”] (27 February 1818) 953
To Benjamin Bailey [“Ardent Pursuit”] (13 May 1818) 953
To John Hamilton Reynolds [Wordsworth, Milton, and “Dark Passages”]
(3 May 1818) 954
To Benjamin Bailey [“I Have Not a Right Feeling Towards Women”]
(18 July 1818) 957
To Richard Woodhouse [The “Camelion Poet” vs. The “Egotistical
Sublime”] (27 October 1818) 957
To George and Georgiana Keats [“indolence,” “poetry” vs. “philosophy,”
the “vale of Soul-Making”] (Spring 1819) 959
To Fanny Brawne [“You Take Possession of Me”] (25 July 1819) 963
To Percy Bysshe Shelley [“An Artist Must Serve Mammon”]
(16 August 1820) 964
To Charles Brown [Keats’s Last Letter] (30 November 1820) 965
SIR WALTER SCOTT 966
Illustration: The Author of Waverley 967
Lord Randall 967
The Two Drovers 968
PERSPECTIVES
Popular Prose and the Problems of Authorship 988
SIR WALTER SCOTT (Web)
Introduction to Tales of My Landlord (Web)
CHARLES LAMB 989
Oxford in the Vacation 990
Dream Children 994
Old China 996
WILLIAM HAZLITT 1000
On Gusto 1001
My First Acquaintance with Poets 1003
THOMAS DE QUINCEY 1016
from Confessions of an English Opium-Eater (Web)
[“What is it that we mean by literature?”] 1017
JANE AUSTEN 1019
from Northanger Abbey, Chapter 1 1020
MARIA JANE JEWSBURY 1023
The Young Author 1023
WILLIAM COBBETT 1027
from Rural Rides 1027
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT SHELLEY 1030
The Swiss Peasant 1031
The Victorian Age
Illustration: Gustave Doré, Ludgate Hill 1044
THE VICTORIAN AGE AT A GLANCE 1045
INTRODUCTION 1049
VICTORIA AND THE VICTORIANS 1049
Illustration: Sunlight Soap advertisement commemorating the 1897 Jubilee of
Victoria’s reign 1050
THE AGE OF ENERGY AND INVENTION 1052
Illustration: Robert Howlett, Portrait of Isambard Kingdom Brunel and
Launching Chains of the Great Eastern, 1857 1053
THE AGE OF DOUBT 1055
Illustration: The Crystal Palace 1058
THE AGE OF REFORM 1059
THE AGE OF EMPIRE 1063
Illustration: “The Formula of British Conquest,” Pears’ Soap
advertisement 1065
THE AGE OF READING 1066
Color Plate 11: Sir John Everett Millais, Mariana
Color Plate 12: William Holman Hunt, The Awakening Conscience
Color Plate 13: Ford Madox Brown, Work
Color Plate 14: Augustus Egg, Past and Present, No. 1
Color Plate 15: Augustus Egg, Past and Present, No. 3
Color Plate 16: William Morriss, Guenevere, or La Belle Iseult
Color Plate 17: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, The Blessed Damozel
Color Plate 18: James McNeill Whistler, Nocturne in Black and Gold: The
Falling Rocket
Color Plate 19: John Williams Waterhouse, The Lady of Shalott
Color Plate 20: Sir Edward Burne-Jones, Love Among the Ruins
THE AGE OF SELF-SCRUTINY 1068
Illustration: Cartoon from Punch magazine, 1867 1068
THOMAS CARLYLE 1074
Illustration: Julia Margaret Cameron, Thomas Carlyle, 1867 1075
Past and Present 1076
Midas [The Condition of England] 1076
from Gospel of Mammonism [The Irish Widow] 1079
from Labour [Know Thy Work] 1080
from Democracy [Liberty to Die by Starvation] 1081
Captains of Industry 1083
PERSPECTIVES
The Industrial Landscape 1088
Illustration: John Leech, Horseman pursued by a train engine named
“Time” 1089
THE STEAM LOOM WEAVER 1090
FANNY KEMBLE 1091
from Record of a Girlhood 1091
THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY 1092
from A Review of Southey’s Colloquies 1092
PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS (“BLUE BOOKS”) 1094
Testimony of Hannah Goode, a Child Textile Worker 1095
Testimony of Ann and Elizabeth Eggley, Child Mineworkers 1095
CHARLES DICKENS 1097
from Dombey and Son 1097
from Hard Times 1098
BENJAMIN DISRAELI 1100
from Sybil 1100
FRIEDRICH ENGELS 1101
from The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 1101
Illustration: Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, Catholic Town in 1440 /Same
Town in 1840 1103
HENRY MAYHEW 1108
from London Labour and the London Poor 1108
Illustration: The Boy Crossing-Sweepers 1112
JOHN STUART MILL 1113
On Liberty 1115
from Chapter 2. Of the Liberty of Thought and Discussion 1115
from Chapter 3. Of Individuality, as One of the Elements of Well-Being 1117
The Subjection of Women 1121
from Chapter 1 1121
Statement Repudiating the Rights of Husbands 1129
Autobiography 1129
from Chapter 1. Childhood, and Early Education 1129
from Chapter 5. A Crisis in My Mental History. One Stage Onward 1132
ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING 1138
The Cry of the Children 1140
To George Sand: A Desire 1144
To George Sand: A Recognition 1144
A Year’s Spinning (Web)
Sonnets from the Portuguese 1145
1 (“I thought once how Theocritus had sung”) 1145
13 (“And wilt thou have me fashion into speech”) 1145
14 (“If thou must love me, let it be for nought”) 1145
21 (“Say over again, and yet once over again”) 1146
22 (“When our two souls stand up erect and strong”) 1146
24 (“Let the world’s sharpness, like a clasping knife”) 1147
28 (“My letters! all dead paper, mute and white!”) 1147
32 (“The first time that the sun rose on thine oath”) 1147
38 (“First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”) 1148
43 (“How do I love thee? Let me count the ways”) 1148
The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point 1148
Aurora Leigh 1155
Book 1 1155
[Self-Portrait] 1155
Illustration: Elizabeth Barrett Browning, frontispiece of Aurora Leigh 1156
[Her Mother’s Portrait] 1157
[Aurora’s Education] 1158
[Discovery of Poetry] (Web)
Book 2 1162
[Woman and Artist] 1162
[No Female Christ] 1165
[Aurora’s Rejection of Romney] 1166
Book 3 1170
[The Woman Writer in London] 1170
Book 5 1171
[Epic Art and Modern Life] 1171
from A Curse for a Nation (Web)
A Musical Instrument 1174
The Best Thing in the World (Web)
ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON 1175
Illustration: Max Beerbohm, Tennyson Reading “In Memoriam” to his Sovereign,
1904 1178
The Kraken 1178
Mariana 1179
The Lady of Shalott 1181
Illustration: William Holman Hunt, The Lady of Shalott 1182
The Lotos-Eaters 1185
Ulysses 1189
Tithonus 1191
Break, Break, Break 1193
The Epic [Morte d’Arthur] 1194
The Eagle: A Fragment (Web)
Locksley Hall 1196
from THE PRINCESS 1201
Sweet and Low (Web)
The Splendour Falls 1201
Tears, Idle Tears 1202
Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal 1202
Come Down, O Maid (Web)
[The Woman’s Cause Is Man’s] 1203
from In Memoriam A. H. H. 1204
The Charge of the Light Brigade 1235
Idylls of the King 1237
The Coming of Arthur 1237
Pelleas and Ettarre (Web)
The Passing of Arthur 1247
The Higher Pantheism 1257
RESPONSE
Algernon Charles Swinburne: The Higher Pantheism in a
Nutshell 1258h
Flower in the Crannied Wall (Web)
Crossing the Bar 1259
EDWARD FITZGERALD (Web)
The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám of Naishápúr (Web)
CHARLES DARWIN 1260
Illustration: Linley Sambourne, Man is But a Worm 1261
The Voyage of the Beagle 1262
from Chapter 10. Tierra Del Fuego 1262
Illustration: Thomas Landseer, after a drawing by C. Martens, A Fuegian at
Portrait Cove 1263
from Chapter 17. Galapagos Archipelago 1269
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection 1272
from Chapter 3. Struggle for Existence 1272
The Descent of Man 1277
from Chapter 21. General Summary and Conclusion 1277
from Autobiography 1283
PERSPECTIVES
Religion and Science 1291
THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY 1292
from Lord Bacon 1292
CHARLES DICKENS 1293
from Sunday Under Three Heads 1293
DAVID FRIEDRICH STRAUSS 1296
from The Life of Jesus Critically Examined 1296
CHARLOTTE BRONTË 1299
from Jane Eyre 1299
ARTHUR HUGH CLOUGH 1301
Epi-strauss-ium 1301
The Latest Decalogue 1302
from Dipsychus 1302
JOHN WILLIAM COLENSO 1303
from The Pentateuch and Book of Joshua Critically Examined 1304
JOHN HENRY CARDINAL NEWMAN 1305
from Apologia Pro Vita Sua 1305
THOMAS HENRY HUXLEY 1313
from Evolution and Ethics 1313
SIR EDMUND GOSSE 1317
from Father and Son 1317
ROBERT BROWNING 1322
Illustration: Julia Margaret Cameron, Robert Browning, 1866 1322
Porphyria’s Lover 1325
Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister 1326
My Last Duchess 1328
How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix 1330
Home-Thoughts, from Abroad 1331
Home-Thoughts, from the Sea 1332
The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed’s Church 1332
Meeting at Night 1335
Parting at Morning 1336
A Toccata of Galuppi’s 1336
Memorabilia 1337
Love Among the Ruins 1338
“Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came” 1340
RESPONSE
Stevie Smith: Childe Rolandine 1346h
Fra Lippo Lippi 1347
The Last Ride Together 1355
Andrea del Sarto 1358
Two in the Campagna (Web)
A Woman’s Last Word 1364
Caliban Upon Setebos 1366
Epilogue to Asolando 1372
CHARLES DICKENS 1373
A Christmas Carol 1376
Illustration: Hablot K. Browne, Mr Scrooge Extinguishing the Spirit 1399
from A Walk in a Workhouse 1425
COMPANION READINGS
Dickens at Work: Recollections by His Children and Friends (Web)
Kate Field: Dickens Giving a Reading of A Christmas Carol 1430 h
POPULAR SHORT FICTION 1431
ELIZABETH GASKELL 1432
Our Society at Cranford 1432
THOMAS HARDY 1447
The Withered Arm 1448
SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE 1466
A Scandal in Bohemia 1467
Illustration: Sidney Paget, Good-night Mr Sherlock Holmes 1480
EMILY BRONTË 1482
“High waving heather ’neath stormy blasts bending” 1484
“The night is darkening round me” 1484
“And first an hour of mournful musing” 1485
“I’m happiest when most away” 1485
“There are two trees in a lonely field” 1485
Stanzas 1485
Plead for me 1486
Stars 1487
The Prisoner (A Fragment) 1488
Remembrance 1490
“No coward soul is mine” 1491
JOHN RUSKIN 1492
Modern Painters 1493
from Definition of Greatness in Art 1493
from Of Water, As Painted by Turner 1494
The Stones of Venice 1495
from The Nature of Gothic 1495
Illustration: John Ruskin, Windows of the Early Gothic Palaces 1496
The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century 1505
Praeterita (Web)
Preface (Web)
from The Springs of Wandel (Web)
from Herne-Hill Almond Blossoms (Web)
from Schaffhausen and Milan (Web)
from The Grande Chartreuse (Web)
from Joanna’s Care (Web)
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE 1510
from Cassandra 1511
PERSPECTIVES
Victorian Ladies and Gentlemen 1520
Illustration: The Parliamentary Female, from Punch magazine, 1853 1521
FRANCES POWER COBBE 1522
from Life of Frances Power Cobbe As Told by Herself 1522
SARAH STICKNEY ELLIS 1525
from The Women of England: Their Social Duties and Domestic Habits 1525
CHARLOTTE BRONTË 1528
from Letter to Emily Brontë 1528
Illustration: Richard Redgrave, The Poor Teacher, 1844 1529
ANNE BRONTË 1529
from Agnes Grey 1530
JOHN HENRY CARDINAL NEWMAN 1531
from The Idea of a University 1531
CAROLINE NORTON 1532
from A Letter to the Queen 1533
GEORGE ELIOT 1535
Margaret Fuller and Mary Wollstonecraft 1535
THOMAS HUGHES 1540
from Tom Brown’s School Days 1540
ISABELLA BEETON 1542
from The Book of Household Management 1542
JOHN RUSKIN 1544
from Sesame and Lilies 1544
Of Queens’ Gardens 1544
QUEEN VICTORIA 1547
Letters and Journal Entries on the Position of Women 1547
Illustration: Edwin Landseer, Windsor Castle in Modern Times, 1841—1845 1549
SARAH GRAND 1552
from The New Aspect of the Woman Question 1552
SIR HENRY NEWBOLT 1553
Vitaï Lampada 1554
MONA CAIRD 1554
from Does Marriage Hinder a Woman’s Self-Development? 1555
RUDYARD KIPLING 1556
If 1556
MATTHEW ARNOLD 1557
Illustration: Matthew Arnold and his wife Frances Wightman Arnold 1557
Isolation. To Marguerite 1560
To Marguerite–Continued 1561
Dover Beach 1562
RESPONSE
Anthony Hecht: The Dover Bitch 1563h
Lines Written in Kensington Gardens 1564
The Buried Life 1565
Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse 1567
The Scholar-Gipsy 1572
East London 1578
West London 1579
Thyrsis 1579
from The Function of Criticism at the Present Time 1585
from Culture and Anarchy 1595
from Sweetness and Light 1595
from Doing as One Likes 1597
from Hebraism and Hellenism 1600
from Porro Unum Est Necessarium 1601
from Conclusion 1603
from The Study of Poetry 1604
DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI 1611
The Blessed Damozel 1612
The Woodspurge 1615
The House of Life 1616
The Sonnet 1616
4. Lovesight 1616
6. The Kiss 1617
Nuptial Sleep 1617
The Burden of Nineveh 1618
Jenny 1622
RESPONSES
Augusta Webster: from A Castaway 1633
Thomas Hardy: The Ruined Maid 1642 h
CHRISTINA ROSSETTI 1642
Song (“She sat and sang alway”) 1644
Song (“When I am dead, my dearest”) 1644
Remember 1645
After Death 1645
A Pause 1645
Echo 1646
Dead Before Death 1646
Cobwebs 1647
A Triad 1647
In an Artist’s Studio 1647
A Birthday 1648
An Apple-Gathering 1648
Winter: My Secret 1649
Up-Hill 1650
Goblin Market 1650
Illustration: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, frontispiece to Goblin Market 1651
“No, Thank You, John” 1663
Promises Like Pie-Crust 1664
In Progress 1664
What Would I Give? 1665
A Life’s Parallels 1665
Later Life 1665
17 (“Something this foggy day, a something which”) 1665
Sleeping at Last 1666
WILLIAM MORRIS 1666
The Defence of Guenevere 1667
The Haystack in the Floods 1675
from The Beauty of Life 1679
ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE 1684
The Leper 1685
The Triumph of Time 1689
I Will Go Back to the Great Sweet Mother 1689
Hymn to Proserpine 1690
A Forsaken Garden (Web)
WALTER PATER 1693
from The Renaissance 1694
Preface 1694
from Leonardo da Vinci 1697
Conclusion 1698
from The Child in the House (Web)
GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS 1701
God’s Grandeur 1702
The Starlight Night 1703
Spring 1703
The Windhover 1704
Pied Beauty 1704
Hurrahing in Harvest 1705
Binsey Poplars 1705
Duns Scotus’s Oxford 1706
Felix Randal 1706
Spring and Fall: to a young child 1707
As Kingfishers Catch Fire 1707
[Carrion Comfort] 1708
No Worst, There Is None 1708
I Wake and Feel the Fell of Dark, Not Day 1708
That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire and of the Comfort of the Resurrection 1709
Thou Art Indeed Just, Lord 1710
from Journal [On “Inscape” and “Instress”] 1710
from Letter to R. W. Dixon [On Sprung Rhythm] 1712
LEWIS CARROLL 1713
from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 1715
Chapter 1. Down the Rabbit-Hole 1715
from Chapter 2. The Pool of Tears 1718
Illustration: John Tenniel, illustration to Alice in Wonderland, 1865 1719
You are old, Father William 1720
The Lobster-Quadrille 1721
from Through the Looking Glass 1721
Child of the pure unclouded brow (Web)
Jabberwocky 1721
[Humpty Dumpty on Jabberwocky] 1722
The Walrus and the Carpenter 1723
The White Knight’s Song (Web)
PERSPECTIVES
Imagining Childhood (Web)
CHARLES DARWIN (Web)
from A Biographical Sketch of an Infant (Web)
MORAL VERSES (Web)
Table Rules for Little Folks (Web)
Eliza Cook: The Mouse and the Cake (Web)
Heinrich Hoffmann: The Story of Augustus who would Not have any Soup (Web)
Thomas Miller: The Watercress Seller (Web)
William Miller: Willie Winkie (Web)
EDWARD LEAR (Web)
[Selected Limericks] (Web)
The Owl and the Pussy-Cat (Web)
The Jumblies (Web)
How pleasant to know Mr. Lear! (Web)
CHRISTINA ROSSETTI (Web)
from Sing-Song: A Nursery Rhyme Book (Web)
ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON (Web)
from A Child’s Garden of Verses (Web)
HILAIRE BELLOC (Web)
from The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts (Web)
from Cautionary Tales for Children (Web)
DAISY ASHFORD (Web)
from The Young Visiters; or, Mr Salteena’s Plan (Web)
RUDYARD KIPLING 1726
Without Benefit of Clergy 1728
from JUST SO STORIES (Web)
How the Whale Got His Throat (Web)
How the Camel Got His Hump (Web)
How the Leopard Got His Spots (Web)
Gunga Din 1742
The Widow at Windsor 1744
Recessional 1745
PERSPECTIVES
Travel and Empire 1746
Illustration: Daylight at Last! 1746
FRANCES TROLLOPE 1748
from Domestic Manners of the Americans 1748
THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY 1753
from Minute on Indian Education 1754
WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE 1758
from Our Colonies 1758
BENJAMIN DISRAELI 1759
Illustration: New Crowns for Old 1760
from Conservative and Liberal Principles 1760
ALEXANDER WILLIAM KINGLAKE (Web)
from Eothen (Web)
SIR RICHARD FRANCIS BURTON (Web)
from A Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to El-Medinah and Meccah (Web)
ISABELLA BIRD (Web)
from A Lady’s Life in the Rocky Mountains (Web)
SIR HENRY MORTON STANLEY 1762
from Through the Dark Continent 1762
MARY KINGSLEY 1769
from Travels in West Africa 1769
RUDYARD KIPLING 1776
The White Man’s Burden 1777
ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON 1778
The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 1780
OSCAR WILDE 1818
Illustration: Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas, 1893 1820
Impression du Matin 1821
RESPONSE
Lord Alfred Douglas: Impression de Nuit 1822h
The Harlot’s House 1822
Symphony in Yellow 1823
from The Decay of Lying (Web)
from The Soul of Man Under Socialism 1824
Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray 1828
The Importance of Being Earnest 1829
Aphorisms 1870
from De Profundis 1872
COMPANION READING
H. Montgomery Hyde: from The Trials of Oscar Wilde 1879h
PERSPECTIVES
Aestheticism, Decadence, and the Fin de Siècle 1885
Illustration: Aubrey Beardsley, J’ai baisé ta bouche, Iokanaan 1886
Illustration: George Du Maurier, The Six-Mark Tea-Pot 1887
W. S. GILBERT 1888
If You’re Anxious for to Shine in the High Aesthetic Line 1889
JAMES ABBOTT MCNEILL WHISTLER 1890
from Mr. Whistler’s “Ten O’Clock” 1891
“MICHAEL FIELD” (KATHARINE BRADLEY AND EDITH COOPER) 1895
La Gioconda 1896
A Pen-Drawing of Leda 1896
“A Girl” 1897
ADA LEVERSON 1897
Suggestion 1898
ARTHUR SYMONS 1903
Pastel 1903
White Heliotrope 1904
from The Decadent Movement in Literature 1904
from Preface to Silhouettes 1906
RICHARD LE GALLIENNE 1907
A Ballad of London 1907
LIONEL JOHNSON 1908
The Destroyer of a Soul 1909
The Dark Angel 1909
A Decadent’s Lyric 1911
LORD ALFRED DOUGLAS 1911
In Praise of Shame 1912
Two Loves 1912
OLIVE CUSTANCE (LADY ALFRED DOUGLAS) 1914
The Masquerade 1915
Statues 1915
The White Witch 1916
The Twentieth Century and Beyond
Illustration: Richard Nevinson, The Arrival, 1913—1914 1918
THE TWENTIETH CENTURY AND BEYOND AT A GLANCE 1919
INTRODUCTION 1923
BEYOND THE PALE 1923
BURYING VICTORIA 1924
THE FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SKEPTICISM 1925
REVOLUTIONS OF STYLE 1928
Illustration: Soldiers of the 9th Cameronians division near Arras, France, 24
March 1917 1929
MODERNISM AND THE MODERN CITY 1932
Illustration: Archibald Hatrick, A Lift Girl, 1916 1933
PLOTTING THE SELF 1934
THE RETURN OF THE REPRESSED 1935
Illustration: Poster for the Wembley Exhibition, 1925 1937
WORLD WAR I I AND ITS AFTERMATH 1938
Illustration: London during the Blitz 1939
Color Plate 21: The British Empire Stretched Thin
Color Plate 22: Vera Willoughby, General Joy
Color Plate 23: Charles Ginner, Piccadilly Circus
Color Plate 24: Anna Airy, Shop for Machining 15-inch Shells
Color Plate 25: Sir William Orpen, Ready to Start
Color Plate 26: Vanessa Bell, The Tub
Color Plate 27: Sir John Lavery, Lady Lavery as Kathleen Ni Houlihan
Color Plate 28: Stanley Spencer, Shipbuilding on the Clyde: Furnaces
Color Plate 29: Gilbert and George, Death Hope Life Fear
Color Plate 30: Francis Bacon, Study after Velasquez
Color Plate 31: Richard Hamilton, Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes
So Different, So Appealing?
Color Plate 32: Chris Ofili, No Woman, No Cry
Illustration: The Beatles preparing for a television broadcast, c. 1963 1944
LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY 1946
JOSEPH CONRAD 1949
Illustration: Joseph Conrad 1949
Preface to The Nigger of the “Narcissus” 1952
Heart of Darkness 1954
* “HEART OF DARKNESS” AND ITS TIME
Joseph Conrad: from Congo Diary 2010
Sir Henry Morton Stanley: from Address to the Manchester Chamber of
Commerce 2012 *
RESPONSES
Chinua Achebe: An Image of Africa 2016
Gang of Four: We Live As We Dream, Alone 2025h
BERNARD SHAW 2026
Preface: A Professor of Phonetics 2029
Pygmalion 2032
THOMAS HARDY 2096
Hap 2098
Neutral Tones 2098
Wessex Heights 2099
The Darkling Thrush 2099
On the Departure Platform 2100
The Dead Man Walking 2101
A Wife and Another 2102
To Sincerity 2103
The Convergence of the Twain 2104
At Castle Boterel 2105
Channel Firing 2106
In Time of “The Breaking of Nations” 2107
I Looked Up from My Writing 2107
“And There Was a Great Calm” 2108
Logs on the Hearth 2109
The Photograph 2110
The Fallow Deer at the Lonely House 2110
Afterwards 2111
Epitaph 2111
J. M. SYNGE (Web)
The Playboy of the Western World (Web)
PERSPECTIVES
The Great War: Confronting the Modern 2112
ALYS FANE TROTTER 2112
The Hospital Visitor 2112
CICELY HAMILTON 2113
Non-Combatant 2113
BLAST 2114
Illustration: Wyndham Lewis, The Creditors, 1912—1913 2115
Vorticist Manifesto 2116
SIGFRIED SASSOON 2130
Glory of Women 2131
“They” 2131
The Rear-Guard 2131
Everyone Sang 2132
PAULINE BARRINGTON 2132
“Education” 2132
HELEN DIRCKS 2133
After Bourlon Wood 2133
RUPERT BROOKE 2134
The Great Lover 2135
The Soldier 2136
TERESA HOOLEY 2137
A War Film 2137
ISAAC ROSENBERG 2138
Break of Day in the Trenches 2138
Dead Man’s Dump 2139
REBECCA WEST 2141
Indissoluble Matrimony 2141
WILFRED OWEN 2157
Anthem for Doomed Youth 2158
Strange Meeting 2158
Disabled 2159
Dulce et Decorum Est 2160
MAY WEDDERBURN CANNAN 2161
Lamplight 2161
Rouen 2162
SPEECHES ON IRISH INDEPENDENCE 2163
Illustration: Jack B. Yeats, The Felons of Our Land, 1910 2164
Wolf Tone (Web)
Court-Martial Speech, November 10, 1798 (Web)
Robert Emmett (Web)
The Speech from the Dock (Web)
Daniel O’Connell (Web)
Speech to House of Commons, February 4, 1836 (Web)
William Gladstone (Web)
A speech by William Ewart Gladstone MP, British Prime Minister, to the House
of Commons on Home Rule for Ireland, given on 7 June 1886 (Web)
Charles Stewart Parnell 2165
At Limerick 2165
Before the House of Commons 2166
At Portsmouth, After the Defeat of Mr. Gladstone’s Home Rule Bill 2167
In Committee Room No. 15 2168
Proclamation of the Irish Republic 2169
Padraic Pearse 2170
Kilmainham Prison 2170
Michael Collins 2171
The Substance of Freedom 2171
WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS 2174
Illustration: William Butler Yeats 2174
The Lake Isle of Innisfree 2177
Who Goes with Fergus? 2178
No Second Troy 2178
The Fascination of What’s Difficult 2178
September 1913 2179
The Wild Swans at Coole 2180
An Irish Airman Foresees His Death 2180
Easter 1916 2181
The Second Coming 2183
A Prayer for My Daughter 2183
Sailing to Byzantium 2185
Meditations in Time of Civil War 2186
Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen 2191
Leda and the Swan 2194
Among School Children 2195
Byzantium 2197
Crazy Jane Talks with the Bishop 2198
Lapis Lazuli 2198
The Circus Animals’ Desertion 2200
Under Ben Bulben 2201
E. M. FORSTER 2203
The Life to Come 2204
JAMES JOYCE 2215
Illustration: Man Ray, Portrait of James Joyce, 1922 2215
Illustration: Photo of Sackville Street (now O’Connell Street), Dublin, with
view of Nelson’s Pillar 2217
DUBLINERS 2218
Araby 2218
Eveline 2222
Clay 2225
The Dead 2229
Ulysses 2257
[Chapter 13. “Nausicaa”] 2257
RESPONSES
Hon. John M. Woolsey: 1933 Decision of the United States District
Court Lifting the Ban on Ulysses 2279
Seamus Heaney: from Station Island 2283h
T. S. ELIOT 2284
Illustration: T. S. Eliot 2284
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock 2287
RESPONSES
Arthur Waugh: [Cleverness and the New Poetry] 2291
Ezra Pound: Drunken Helots and Mr. Eliot 2293h
Gerontion 2295
The Waste Land 2297
RESPONSES
Fadwa Tuqan: In the Aging City 2310
Martin Rowson: from The Waste Land 2312h
The Hollow Men 2318
Journey of the Magi 2320
Four Quartets 2321
Burnt Norton 2321
Tradition and the Individual Talent 2326
VIRGINIA WOOLF 2331
Illustration: Virginia Woolf 2331
Illustration: Virginia Woolf and T. S. Eliot 2333
The Lady in the Looking-Glass: A Reflection 2334
Mrs Dalloway 2338
Illustration: View of Regent Street, London, 1927 2349
RESPONSE
Sigrid Nunez: On Rereading Mrs. Dalloway 2437h
from A Room of One’s Own 2442
KATHERINE MANSFIELD 2478
The Daughters of the Late Colonel 2478
D. H. LAWRENCE 2491
Piano 2494
Song of a Man Who Has Come Through 2494
Tortoise Shout 2494
Snake 2497
Bavarian Gentians 2499
Cypresses 2499
Odour of Chrysanthemums 2501
Surgery for the Novel–or a Bomb 2514
P. G. WODEHOUSE (Web)
The Clicking of Cuthbert (Web)
GRAHAM GREENE 2517
A Chance for Mr Lever 2517
PERSPECTIVES
World War II and the End of Empire 2527
SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL 2528
Illustration: Winston Churchill, June 1943 2529
Two Speeches Before the House of Commons 2529
STEPHEN SPENDER 2536
Icarus 2537
What I Expected 2537
The Express 2538
The Pylons 2538
ELIZABETH BOWEN 2539
Mysterious Kôr 2540
EVELYN WAUGH 2549
The Man Who Liked Dickens 2550
Cruise 2559
RESPONSE
Monty Python: Travel Agent 2563h
GEORGE ORWELL 2566
Shooting an Elephant 2567
DYLAN THOMAS 2572
The Force That Through the Green Fuse Drives the
Flower 2573
Fern Hill 2574
Poem in October 2575
Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night 2576
SAMUEL BECKETT 2577
Illustration: Samuel Beckett 2577
Endgame 2579
POSTWAR ENGLISH VOICES 2614
W. H. AUDEN 2614
“Sir, no man’s enemy, forgiving all” 2615
Lullaby 2616
Spain 2617
September 1, 1939 2619
Musée des Beaux Arts 2621
In Memory of W. B. Yeats 2622
Law Like Love 2624
In Memory of Sigmund Freud 2625
The Hidden Law 2628
In Praise of Limestone 2628
PHILIP LARKIN 2631
Church Going 2631
The Importance of Elsewhere 2633
MCMXIV 2633
Talking in Bed 2634
High Windows 2635
Annus Mirabilis 2635
Homage to a Government 2636
Aubade 2636
THOM GUNN 2637
Lines for a Book 2638
Elvis Presley 2639
A Map of the City 2639
Black Jackets 2640
From the Wave 2640
The Hug 2641
Patch Work 2642
The Missing 2642
TED HUGHES 2643
Wind 2644
Relic 2645
Theology 2645
Dust As We Are 2645
Leaf Mould 2646
Telegraph Wires 2647
CAROL ANN DUFFY 2648
Originally 2648
Translating the English, 1989 2649
Little Red-Cap 2650
Elvis’s Twin Sister 2651
The Diet 2652
Anon 2653
NADINE GORDIMER 2654
What Were You Dreaming? 2655
DEREK WALCOTT 2661
A Far Cry from Africa 2662
Volcano 2662
Wales 2663
The Fortunate Traveller 2664
Midsummer 2669
50 (“I once gave my daughters, separately, two conch shells”) 2669
52 (“I heard them marching the leaf-wet roads of my head”) 2669
54 (“The midsummer sea, the hot pitch road, this grass, these shacks
that made me”) 2670
V. S. NAIPAUL 2671
In a Free State 2672
Prologue, from a Journal: The Tramp at Piraeus 2672
Epilogue, from a Journal: The Circus at Luxor 2679
TOM STOPPARD 2684
The Invention of Love 2685
SEAMUS HEANEY 2739
Personal Helicon 2740
Requiem for the Croppies 2740
Punishment 2740
Act of Union 2742
The Skunk 2742
The Toome Road 2743
The Singer’s House 2744
In Memorium Francis Ledwidge 2745
Postscript 2746
A Call 2746
The Errand 2747
The Gaeltacht 2747
SALMAN RUSHDIE 2748
Illustration: Salman Rushdie 2748
Chekov and Zulu 2749
The Courter 2758
PERSPECTIVES
Whose Language? 2772
NG
~
UG
~
I WA THIONG’O 2773
Decolonizing the Mind 2774
Native African Languages 2774
EAVAN BOLAND 2777
Anorexic 2778
Mise Eire 2780
The Pomegranate 2781
A Woman Painted on a Leaf 2782
PAUL MULDOON 2783
Cuba 2783
Aisling 2784
Meeting the British 2784
Sleeve Notes 2785
NUALA NÍ DHOMHNAILL 2791
Feeding a Child 2792
Parthenogenesis 2793
Labasheedy (The Silken Bed) 2795
As for the Quince 2796
Why I Choose to Write in Irish, The Corpse That Sits Up and Talks Back 2797
GWYNETH LEWIS 2805
Therapy 2805
Mother Tongue 2806
ROBERT CRAWFORD 2807
The Saltcoats Structuralists 2807
Alba Einstein 2808
W. N. HERBERT 2809
Cabaret McGonagall 2809
Smirr 2812
CONTEMPORARY BRITISH FICTION 2812
ALAN MOORE AND DAVID LLOYD 2812
from V for Vendetta 2813
HANIF KUREISHI 2836
Something to Tell You 2836
NICK HORNBY 2847
from Speaking with the Angel 2848
ZADIE SMITH 2861
Martha, Martha 2862
Credits 2873
Index 2879
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