Medieval Europe: A Short History

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ISBN: 9780073385501 | 0073385506
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/20/2010

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Medieval Europe introduces today's students to the medieval roots of our own society. In an accessible and engaging narrative, it tells how the peoples of medieval Europe built, understood, and changed their world.

Never losing sight of the neighboring civilizations of Byzantium and Islam, it has its feet firmly planted in the medieval West, from whence it gives ample consideration to such subjects as women's lives, Jewish communities, ordinary people, and the experiences of Europeans in the often-neglected centuries of the Later Middle Ages.

Abbreviations and Conventions	p. xi
Biographical Sketches	p. xii
Medieval Myths	p. xiii
Timelines	p. xiv
Maps	p. xv
List of Figures	p. xvi
Preface	p. xix
Introduction	p. 1
Romans, Christians, and Barbarians	p. 4
The Early Middle Ages	p. 4
The Roman Peace (31 B.C.E-180 C.E.) and After	p. 5
Christianity	p. 8
Barbarians and the Western Empire	p. 19
The Decline of the Western Empire	p. 25
Conclusion	p. 27
Early Western Christendom, c. 500-700	p. 28
Introduction	p. 28
Early Medieval Society	p. 28
Early Medieval Politics	p. 33
The Early Medieval Church	p. 40
Intellectual Life	p. 48
Conclusion	p. 50
Neighbors: Byzantium and Islam, c. 500-1000	p. 51
Introduction	p. 51
From Eastern to Byzantine Empire	p. 52
The Byzantine Centuries	p. 59
The Ascent of Islam	p. 65
The Islamic Empire	p. 70
Islamic Culture	p. 77
Conclusion	p. 79
Carolingian Europe, c. 700-850	p. 80
Introduction	p. 80
The Early Carolingians	p. 82
Charlemagne (r. 768-814)	p. 83
Intellectual Revival	p. 95
Conclusion	p. 100
Division, Invasion, and Reorganization, c. 800-1000	p. 102
Introduction	p. 102
Division: The Later Carolingians	p. 102
Invasion: Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings	p. 104
Reorganization: New Polities	p. 111
Conclusion	p. 130
Economic Takeoff and Social Change, c. 1000-1300	p. 131
The Central Middle Ages	p. 131
Agricultural Revolution	p. 139
Rural Society	p. 141
The Commercial Revolution	p. 150
Urban Society	p. 156
The Landholding Aristocracy	p. 162
Feudal Society	p. 163
Conclusion	p. 166
Popes and the Papacy, c. 1000-1300	p. 167
Introduction	p. 167
Papacy, Clergy, and Laity, c. 1000-1122	p. 168
The Reformed Papacy and Its Church	p. 175
Innocent III and the Papacy Ascendant	p. 184
The Papacy after 1250	p. 187
Conclusion	p. 189
New Paths to God, c. 1000-1300	p. 190
Introduction	p. 190
Judaism	p. 190
The Evolution of Christian Piety	p. 191
Orthodoxy and Heresy	p. 197
Changes in Monastic Life	p. 199
The Mendicant Orders	p. 205
Conclusion	p. 210
Conquests, Crusades, and Persecutions, c. 1100-1300	p. 211
Introduction	p. 211
Conquests and Territorial Expansion	p. 212
Crusades	p. 221
Persecutions	p. 231
Conclusion	p. 235
States Made and Unmade, c. 1000-1300	p. 236
Introduction	p. 236
The Holy Roman Empire: Disintegration	p. 237
England: King and Parliament	p. 248
France: The Monarchy Triumphant	p. 258
Iberia: Some Consolidation	p. 267
The States of Northern and Eastern Europe	p. 268
Conclusion	p. 268
Literature, Art, and Thought, c. 1000-1300	p. 269
Introduction	p. 269
Byzantine and Islamic Influences	p. 270
Intellectual Trends	p. 271
Literature	p. 283
Architecture and Sculpture	p. 290
Conclusion	p. 296
Famine, Plague, and Recovery, c. 1300-1500	p. 297
The Later Middle Ages	p. 297
Economic Woes and Demographic Crisis (1300-1350)	p. 301
Adjustment and Recovery (1350-1500)	p. 306
Late Medieval Christianity	p. 313
Conclusion	p. 321
Toward the Sovereign State, c. 1300-1500	p. 322
Introduction	p. 322
England, France, and the Hundred Years' War	p. 323
England: Parliament, Civil War, and Tudor Monarchy	p. 327
France: Constitutional Crisis, War, and the Spider King	p. 329
The Iberian Slates: Consolidation through Homogenization	p. 332
New Powers on the European Periphery	p. 335
The Heritage of the Holy Roman Empire	p. 338
Conclusion	p. 341
Diversity and Dynamism in Culture, c. 1300-1500	p. 344
Introduction	p. 344
Literacy and Vernacular Languages	p. 345
Humanist Education	p. 347
Literature	p. 350
Art and Architecture	p. 352
Philosophy	p. 354
Political Thought	p. 359
Conclusion	p. 360
Glossary	p. G-1
Photo Credits	P-1
Index	p. I-1
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Medieval Europe: A Short History

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