The Philosophical Journey: An Interactive Approach

CHAPTER 1 Introduction To The Philosophical Journey

1.0 OVERVIEW OF THE JOURNEY

1.1 SOCRATES AND THE SEARCH FOR WISDOM

FROM PLATO, Apology

FROM PLATO, Republic

1.2 PLATO’S ALLEGORY OF THE CAVE

FROM PLATO, Republic

1.3 ARGUMENT AND EVIDENCE: HOW DO I DECIDE WHAT TO BELIEVE?

CHAPTER 2 The Search For Ultimate Reality

2.0 OVERVIEW OF METAPHYSICS

2.1 OVERVIEW: THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM

FROM HUGH ELLIOT, Tantalus

2.2 DUALISM

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Discourse on the Method

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy

2.3 PHYSICALISM

FROM JEFFREY OLEN, Persons and Their World

2.4 FUNCTIONALISM AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

FROM JERRY FODOR, The Mind-Body Problem

FROM MARVIN MINSKY, Why People Think Computers Can’t

2.5 OVERVIEW: FREEDOM AND DETERMINISM

2.6 HARD DETERMINISM

FROM B. F. SKINNER, Walden Two

FROM SAMUEL BUTLER, Erewhon

FROM CLARENCE DARROW, The Leopold and Loeb Trial

2.7 LIBERTARIANISM

FROM RICHARD TAYLOR, Metaphysics

FROM JEAN-PAUL SARTRE, Being and Nothingness

2.8 COMPATIBILISM

FROM WALTER T. STACE, Religion and the Modern Mind

CHAPTER 3 The Search For Knowledge

3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE PROBLEM OF KNOWLEDGE

3.1 SKEPTICISM

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy

3.2 RATIONALISM

FROM PLATO, Phaedo

FROM RENÉ DESCARTES, Meditations on First Philosophy

3.3 EMPIRICISM

FROM JOHN LOCKE, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

FROM GEORGE BERKELEY, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

FROM DAVID HUME, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

FROM DAVID HUME, A Treatise of Human Nature

3.4 KANTIAN CONSTRUCTIVISM

FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Critique of Pure Reason

FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Critique of Pure Reason

3.5 EPISTEMOLOGICAL RELATIVISM

FROM FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, Beyond Good and Evil

3.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: PRAGMATISM

FROM WILLIAM JAMES, Pragmatism’s Conception of Truth

3.7 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: FEMINIST EPISTEMOLOGY

FROM ANN GARRY AND MARILYN PEARSALL, Women, Knowledge, and Reality

3.8 APPLYING EPISTEMOLOGY: WHAT IS THE NATURE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE?

CHAPTER 4 The Search For God

4.0 OVERVIEW OF PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

FROM PETER KREEFT, Does God Exist?

4.1 THE COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT FOR GOD

FROM THOMAS AQUINAS, Summa Theologica

FROM RICHARD TAYLOR, Metaphysics

4.2 THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FOR GOD

FROM WILLIAM PALEY, Natural Theology

FROM DAVID HUME, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion

4.3 THE ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT FOR GOD

FROM ST. ANSELM, Proslogium

4.4 PRAGMATIC AND SUBJECTIVE JUSTIFICATIONS OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF

FROM BLAISE PASCAL, Thoughts

FROM WILLIAM JAMES, The Will to Believe

FROM SØREN KIERKEGAARD, Selections

4.5 THE PROBLEM OF EVIL: ATHEISTIC AND THEISTIC RESPONSES

FROM ALBERT CAMUS, The Plague

FROM JOHN HICK, Evil and the God of Love

FROM C. S. LEWIS, The Problem of Pain

4.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: ASIAN RELIGIONS

FROM THE UPANISHADS

FROM THE BUDDHA, Selected Teachings

FROM HERMAN HESSE, Siddhartha

4.7 APPLYING PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION: HOW DOES RELIGION RELATE TO SCIENCE?

CHAPTER 5 The Search For Ethical Values

5.0 OVERVIEW OF ETHICS

FROM PLATO, Republic

5.1 ETHICAL RELATIVISM VERSUS OBJECTIVISM

FROM HERODOTUS, The Histories

FROM RUTH BENEDICT, Anthropology and the Abnormal

FROM JAMES RACHELS, The Challenge of Cultural Relativism

5.2 ETHICAL EGOISM

FROM W. SOMERSET MAUGHAM, Of Human Bondage

FROM AYN RAND, The Virtue of Selfishness

5.3 UTILITARIANISM

FROM JEREMY BENTHAM, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

FROM JOHN STUART MILL, Utilitarianism

FROM ALASTAIR NORCROSS, Comparing Harms: Headaches and Human Lives

5.4 KANTIAN ETHICS

FROM IMMANUEL KANT, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals

5.5 VIRTUE ETHICS

FROM ARISTOTLE, Nicomachean Ethics

FROM CONFUCIUS, The Analects

FROM JANET SMITH, Moral Character and Abortion

5.6 RETHINKING THE WESTERN TRADITION: FEMINISTETHICS MARILYN FRIEDMAN, Liberating Care

CHAPTER 6 The Search For The Just Society

6.0 OVERVIEW OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

6.1 THE JUSTIFICATION OF GOVERNMENT

FROM ROBERT PAUL WOLFF, In Defense of Anarchism

FROM JOHN LOCKE, An Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent and End of Civil Government

FROM THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE (JULY 4, 1776)

6.2 THE QUESTION OF JUSTICE

FROM PLATO, Republic

FROM THOMAS AQUINAS, Summa Theologica

FROM JOHN STUART MILL, Utilitarianism

FROM JOHN RAWLS, A Theory of Justice

FROM SUSAN MOLLER OKIN, Justice, Gender, and the Family

6.3 THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE STATE

FROM JOHN STUART MILL, On Liberty

FROM KARL MARX AND FRIEDRICH ENGELS, Communist Manifesto

6.4 CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

FROM PLATO, Crito

FROM MOHANDAS GANDHI, Young India

FROM MARTIN LUTHER KING JR., Letter from Birmingham Jail

CHAPTER 7 Philosophy And The Meaning Of Life

FROM LEO TOLSTOY, My Confession

FROM HAZEL E. BARNES, An Existentialist Ethics

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