The Real World Reader A Rhetorical Reader for Writers

From academic essays to blogs, magazine articles to social media posts, newspaper editorials to public service announcements, and advertisements to emails, The Real World Reader brings together a wide collection of formal writing with an equally diverse array of popular writing from everyday life. This innovative rhetorical reader for first-year composition courses divides the process of rhetorical analysis into logically sequenced steps that focus on five key concepts-purpose, audience, argument, voice, and credibility. Author James Miller encourages students to use this step-by-step process in order to identify, analyze, and master the multiple modes of writing that they will encounter at school, work, and home.

Features
* Uses a rhetorical framework to teach writing--rather than examining different modes of writing in isolation--and reveals what all forms of writing have in common
* Introduces rhetorical concepts through a variety of informal and formal writing examples, showing students how rhetorical patterns intersect
* Combines step-by-step writing instruction with a scaffold of sixty-seven diverse readings, allowing students to critically write and read four distinct types of selections: informal, formal, and academic selections and sample student essays
* Connects rhetorical analysis to cultural analysis with content that ranges from debates on multiculturalism to discussions of online privacy and from critiques of modern political campaigning to analyses of modern consumerism
* Focuses on familiar, "real world" writing, demonstrating the important role that writing plays in everyday life

James Miller is Associate Professor of Languages & Literatures at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater.

Preface
Rhetorical Table of Contents
Thematic Table of Contents

Introduction
Writing in the Real World
What Does This Book Ask You to Do?
Why Should You Do It?
How Do You Get It Done?
Thinking Rhetorically About Real World Writing: A Step-by-Step Guide
Using These Rhetorical Steps to Analyze Real World Writing
"Column Degrading, Rather Than Empowering"
Step 1: Determining Purpose
Step 2: Defining Audience
Step 3: Identifying Argument
Step 4: Developing Voice
Step 5: Defending Credibility
Putting It Into Writing
"Dangerous Images"
Analyzing Rhetorical Modes
Looking Forward, Getting Started

PART I: THE READING AND WRITING PROCESS

1. Thinking Rhetorically About the Reading and Writing Process
Thinking Rhetorically About the Reading Process
Sherry Turkle, "The Flight From Conversation"
Activity: Doing Y our Own Highlighting and Annotations
Thinking Rhetorically About the Writing Process
Invention
Activities for Invention
Arrangement
Example: Thinking Rhetorically About Arrangement
Thinking Rhetorically About the Revision and Editing Process
Revision
Rhetorical Strategies for Revising
Editing
Strategies for Editing

2. Thinking Rhetorically About Different Modes of Writing
Narration
Suleika Jaouad "Life, Interrupted: Five Days of Chemo"
"I wake up feeling as if I've been hit by a truck. My sore throat is worse, and now I have a runny nose and a cough. The delayed effects of chemo are setting in. As someone with a compromised immune system, I go through a priority checklist in my head whenever I notice any symptoms."
Analyzing Narration in Rhetorical Terms
Description
Sheryl Sandberg, From Lean In
"When I remember that no one can do it all and identify my real priorities at home and at work, I feel better-and I am more productive in the office and probably a better mother as well. Instead of perfect, we should aim for sustainable and fulfilling. Analyzing Description in Rhetorical Terms
Compare and Contrast
The New York Times, "More Lessons About Charter Schools"
"States that are in a hurry to expand charter schools should proceed carefully. The evidence of success is not all that ample." Analyzing Compare and Contrast in Rhetorical Terms
Exemplification
Anonymous, "I Am an Undocumented Immigrant at Stanford University"
"Without immigration reform, I will be left jobless and exposed after I graduate, unless I can receive financial aid to pursue a graduate degree somewhere. And what do I do after that? The reality of my legal circumstances continues to haunt me, and mocks the dreams that Stanford is helping inspire."
Analyzing Exemplification in Rhetorical Terms
Cause and Effect
Julia Angwin, "Why I'm Unfriending You on Facebook"
"I have 666 friends on Facebook. By next week, I hope to have none."
Analyzing Cause and Effect in Rhetorical Terms
Process
Leah Koenig, "The Classy Dive: Dos and Don'ts of Dumpster Diving"
"Sound a bit disgusting? So do the facts on food waste in America."
Analyzing Process in Rhetorical Terms
Definition
Beth Teitel, "Why Do We Loathe Mullets?"
"Whether or not the mullet deserves to be an object of ridicule, one thing is clear: Life is different for the mulleted and the regularly coiffed person."
Analyzing Definition in Rhetorical Terms
Proposal
Lawrence Gostin, "Banning Large Sodas Is Legal and Smart"
"The fingerprints of the food and restaurant industries, with their clear economic conflicts of interest, are all over the public and judicial campaign to block the soda ban."
Analyzing Proposal in Rhetorical Terms

PART II: RHETORICAL READINGS

3. Purpose
What Goal Do I Want to Achieve?
How to Analyze Purpose in Real World Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Purpose
Ellen Roche, "Military Recruiters on Campus is a Bad Idea" (student essay)
Informal Writing Selections
Courtney Whitman, "Best Warriors Highlight Strong Army Values"
DDespite the haze of sleep deprivation and physical exhaustion, warriors upheld the words of the Soldiers Creed: I am disciplined, physically and mentally tough, trained and proficient in my warrior tasks and drills."
Alicia Criado, "After Waiting 13 Years, My Family Reunited"
"I cannot help but cringe when I hear people talk about immigrants who are undocumented and say that they should have come the "legal way" or formally applying for green cards. It shows that they don't know how few options exist for people to enter and that even in the channels that exist, people must endure long waiting periods."
Jamie Kelley, "The Steroid Problem, and How to Fix It"
"Why do these athletes use performance-enhancing drugs? In reality it's because they want a big payday. If you're talented at what you do and are able to lead a team to the championship, you get to sign a new contract so that you can help the team the next season. But when you sign this contract there are more zeroes at the end of it than there were before."
Thinking Rhetorically About Purpose: Choose Your Own Selection
Formal Writing Selections
José Cruz, "College Affordability: Damned if You Do, Damned if You Don't?"
"We can and must do a better job of translating our democratic ideals into policies and practices at all levels that sustain, rather than erode, opportunity."
Sherry Turkle, "The Flight From Conversation"
"Human relationships are rich; they're messy and demanding. We have learned the habit of cleaning them up with technology."
Douglas Rushkoff, "Why I'm Quitting Facebook"
"Facebook does not exist to help us make friends, but to turn our network of connections, brand preferences and activities over time-our 'social graphs'-into money for others."
Academic Writing Selections
Tillie Olsen, "I Stand Here Ironing"
"Let her be. So all that is in her will not bloom-but in how many does it? There is still enough left to live by. Only help her to know-help make it so there is cause for her to know-that she is more than this dress on the ironing board, helpless before the iron."
Stephen King, "Why We Crave Horror Movies"
"I think that we're all mentally ill; those of us outside the asylum only hide it a little better . . ."
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
Iris Lopez, "Unintended Consequences: The Dangers of Social Media" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About the Formal Selections
Different Purpose, Different Point: Understanding the Connection Between Informal and Formal Writing
Connecting Purpose to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking for Yourself

4. Audience
Audience and the Goals of Writing
How to Analyze Audience in Real World Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Audience
Connie Uhlrich, "Let Me Choose My Own Classes!" (student essay)
Informal Writing Selections
PostivelyPresent.com, "Get Happier!"
"I'm a firm believer that happiness comes from within. It's a choice that you have to make every moment of your life. That being said, it doesn't hurt to have some external help."
Girlshealth.gov, "Why Fitness Matters"
"Here is something else to consider: children and adolescents who are overweight are more likely to become adults who are overweight. If you start good habits (like daily exercise) when you are young, you will be likely to continue them when you're older."
Justin Bilicki, "We Are Destroying the Earth" (Visual Rhetoric)
Thinking Rhetorically About Audience: Expanded Outline
Formal Writing Selections
Christopher Calabrese and Michael Harwood, "estroying the Right to Be Left Alone"
"Increasingly, the relationship between Americans and their government has come to resemble a one-way mirror dividing an interrogation room."
Allison Brennan, "Microtargeting: How Campaigns Know You Better Than You Know Yourself"
"[W]hen a political spot pops up while surfing the Web, there's a good chance it's aimed right at you."
Digital Vision, "Man Inserting a Voting Form Into a Ballot Box" (Visual Rhetoric)
Daniel Solove, "Why Privacy Matters, Even When You Have 'Nothing to Hide'"
"One can usually think of something that even the most open person would want to hide."
Tim Robberts, "Young Woman Peering Inside Laptop Screen" (Visual Rhetoric)
Academic Writing Selections
George Orwell, "Shooting an Elephant"
"But I did not want to shoot the elephant. I watched him beating his bunch of grass against his knees, with that preoccupied grandmotherly air that elephants have. It seemed to me that it would be murder to shoot him."
Jhumpa Lahiri, "Rice"
"espite having a superficial knowledge of the ingredients and the technique, I have no idea how to make my father's pulao, nor would I ever dare attempt it. The recipe is his own, and has never been recorded."
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
Luke VanDeMeer, "Censoring Free Speech: A Contradiction in Terms" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About the Formal Selections
Changing Contexts, Shifting Audiences: Understanding the Connection Between Informal and Formal Writing
Connecting Audience to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking for Yourself

5. Argument
What Point Am I Trying to Make?
How to Analyze Argument in Real World Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Argument
Alex Echov, "The Credit Card Trap" (student essay)
Informal Writing Selections
Adam Copeland, ""I Will Pray on National Day of Prayer but NOT Because Congress Told Me To"
"The country is praying because Congress told us to."
Kristi Myllenbeck, "You're Vegan, We Get It"
"Want to hear a joke? 'How do you know if a person is vegan? Don't worry, they'll tell you.'"
Debate.org, "Should the Pledge of Allegiance Be Said in Schools?"
"To me the pledge of allegiance is as American as apple pie and the national anthem at a baseball game."
Chris Knorr, "The Pledge of Allegiance and an American Flag" (Visual Rhetoric)
Thinking Rhetorically About Argument: Choose Your Own Selection
Formal Writing Selections
Lisa Bonos, "The Art of the Digital Breakup"
"[F]rom what I've seen in my own dating life and what I've heard in conversations with other singles and relationship experts, technology has made our breakups even worse."
Geoffrey Nunberg, "Swearing: A Long and #%@&$ History"
"Well, profanity makes hypocrites of us all. But without hypocrisy, how could profanity even exist?"
Bonnie Erbe, "As Religious Affiliation Declines, What's the Impact?"
"Speaking as one of the non-affiliated, I must say it is liberating to know there are more of us and more non-Christians as well."
Academic Writing Selections
Thomas Jefferson, "The Declaration of Independence"
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Seneca Falls Convention"
"e have met here today to discuss our rights and wrongs, civil and political, and not, as some have supposed, to go into the detail of social life alone. We do not propose to petition the legislature to make our husbands just, generous, and courteous, to seat every man at the head of a cradle, and to clothe every woman in male attire."
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
Andrea MacBride, "olls: A Legacy of Stereotypes" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About the Formal Selections
Arguing in Context: Understanding the Connection Between Informal and Formal Writing
Connecting Argument to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking for Yourself

6. Voice
Putting It Into Words
How to Analyze Voice in Real World Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Voice
Jason Sulakis, "Personal Portrait" (student essay)
Informal Writing Selections
Hailey Yook, "Positive Stereotypes Are Hurtful, Too"
"For the love of everything that's good and pure, can someone please explain to me what the phrase 'You're so Asian' means?"
The Onion, "Ah, To Be Young, Rich, White, Male, College-Educated, Straight, and in Love"
"When you're in your twenties, a man, descended from Anglo-Saxon genes, born into immense luxury, able-bodied, surrounded by friends, family, and authority figures who support you, mentally alert, straight, possessing a degree from a respected four-year institution, and head over heels in love, the world just seems like a magical place, doesn't it?"
Adrian Rodriguez, "Body Art Stereotypes Misrepresent Tattoo and Piercing Culture"
"I knew what I was getting into each time I modified my body, whether it was a tattoo, stretching my ears or piercing my septum, but it doesn't give anyone the right to judge or harass a person with prejudices because someone is different."
Ed Fischer, "Pink Slime Burger" (Visual Rhetoric)
Thinking Rhetorically About Voice: Expanded Outline
Formal Writing Selections
Brian Moen, "Myth of Objectivity"
"No one is forcing anyone to write anything. The world is comprised of institutions that craft the society to fit whatever upholds their power."
Deanna Zandt, "Can't We All Just Get Along? Polarization of Politics, the Internet and You"
"I have certainly noticed a ramp-up in ideological spewing on social networks that has even lifelong-activist me wondering, 'Can't we all just get along?'"
Patricia Williams, "Anti-Intellectualism Is Taking Over the US"
"There has been an unfortunate uptick in academic book bannings and firings, made worse by a nationwide disparagement of teachers, teachers' unions and scholarship itself."
Academic Writing Selections
Zora Neale Hurston, "How It Feels to Be Colored Me"
"I remember the very day that I became colored."
Richard Rodriguez, "Public Language, Private Language"
"What I needed to learn in school is that I have the right-and the obligation-to speak the public language of los gringos."
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
Daniel Freeport, "The Benefits of Alternative Medicine" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About the Formal Selections
Different Goals, Different Voices: Understanding the Connection Between Informal and Formal Writing
Connecting Voice to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking for Yourself

7. Credibility
How Do I Make Myself Believable?
How to Analyze Credibility in Real World Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Credibility
Natalie Wu, "Childhood Obesity is No Laughing Matter" (student essay)
Informal Writing Selections
Consumer Reports, "Mercury in Canned Tuna Is Still a Concern"
"Canned tuna, Americans' favorite fish, is the most common source of mercury in our diet."
National Alliance for Public Charter Schools, "Why Charter Schools?"
"These children and their families deserve a better option, and public charter schools can provide that option for families who need it."
Virginia Heffernan, "Why I'm a Creationist"
"When a social science, made up entirely of observations and hypotheses, tells us first that men are polygamous and women homebodies, and then that men are monogamous and women gallivanters-and, what's more builds far-fetched protocols of dating and courtship and marriage and divorce around these notions-maybe it's time to retire the whole approach."
Houston Chronicle, "On Global Warming, the Science Is Solid"
"Contrary to what one might read in newspapers, the science of climate change is strong."
Thinking Rhetorically About Credibility: An Expanded Step-by-Step Guide
Formal Writing Selections
Pamela Rutledge, "#Selfies: Narcissism or Self-Exploration?"
"It's not a big leap to go from a pursuit of self-exploration to the desire for self-portrait."
Jeff Karon, "A Positive Solution for Plagiarism"
"The solution should be positive; that is, show students how to act as responsible scholars and writers."
Stephanie Pappas, "Oscar Psychology: Why Celebrities Fascinate Us"
"'[P]arasocial' relationships-the psychological term for the kind of one-sided relationships fans have with stars-are easier than ever."
Academic Writing Selections
Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery"
"It isn't fair, it isn't right,' Mrs. Hutchinson screamed, and then they were upon her."
Brent Staples, "Black Men and Public Space"
"My first victim was a woman-white, well-dressed, probably in her late twenties. I came upon her late one evening on a deserted street in Hyde Park, a relatively affluent neighborhood in an otherwise mean, impoverished section of Chicago. As I swung onto the avenue behind her, there seemed to be a discreet, uninflammatory distance between us. Not so. She cast back a worried glance. To her, the youngish black man-a broad 6 feet 2 inches with a beard and billowing hair, both hands shoved into the pockets of a bulky military jacket-seemed menacingly close. After a few more quick glimpses, she picked up her pace and was soon running in earnest. Within seconds, she disappeared into a cross street."
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
Rachel Morton, "How I Learned to Dislike Math" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About the Formal Selections
Connecting Credibility to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking for Yourself

Research Appendix
Credits
Index
Preface
Rhetorical Contents
Thematic Contents
Introduction: "Writing in The Real World"
Understanding Real World Writing Rhetorically
What This Book Asks You to Do and How to Do It
Thinking Rhetorically About Real World Writing
Using Rhetorical Steps to Analyze Real World Writing
Putting It Into Writing: Sample Essay
Analyzing Rhetorical Modes
PART 1. THE READING AND WRITING PROCESS
1. Thinking Rhetorically About Reading Process
Thinking Rhetorically About the Reading Process
--Reading for Purpose
--Considering Audience
--Identifying Argument
--Assessing Voice
--Determining Credibility
Highlighting, Annotating and Outlining
Multimedia Writing in the Real World
Activities for Putting Rhetorical Analysis Into Practice
--Doing Your Own Highlighting and Annotations
--Analyzing Your Own Selection in Rhetorical Terms
--Comparing Your Rhetorical Analysis
--Workshopping a Real World Selection
2. Thinking Rhetorically About the Writing Process
Invention
--Determining Your Purpose
---Understanding the Occasion
---Assessing Your Knowledge
---Thinking About the Format
---Speculating About Your Effect
--Activities for Thinking About Purpose
---Understanding Your Audience
----Defining Your Intended Reader
----Assessing Your Intended Reader
--Activities for Thinking About Audience
---Building Your Argument
----Finding Your Focus
----Developing Your Thesis
----Supporting Your Thesis
--Activities for Thinking About Argument
--Sample Essay, "A Big Change but Not the End"
--Rhetorical Strategies for Invention
---Freewriting
---Brainstorming
---Clustering Ideas
---Creating an Outline
---Creating a Thesis Statement
--Arrangement
---Creating Your Own Voice
----Organization
-----Body Paragraphs
-----Topic Sentences
-----Transitions
-----Conclusion
--Activities for Arrangement
---Constructing a Formal Outline
---Peer Editing
3. Thinking Rhetorically About the Revision and Editing Process
Revision
--Specific Elements to Consider When Revising
---Thesis
---Paragraphs
---Transitions
---Introduction and Conclusion
--Rhetorical Questions to Ask When Revising
---Thesis
---Paragraphs
---Transitions
---Introduction and Conclusion
Activities for Revision
--Revising for Credibility
--Create Your Own Essay
Rhetorical Strategies for Revision
--Peer Editing
--Reverse Outlining
Editing
--Subject-Verb Agreement
--Complete Sentences and Run-Ons
--Commas and Semi-Colons
--Quotation
Activities for Editing
--Correcting Grammatical Mistakes
--Peer Editing
4. Thinking Rhetorically About Rhetorical Modes of Writing
Narration
--Suleika Jaouad, "Life Interrupted"
--Analyzing Narration in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Narration to Create Your Own Writing
Description
--Sheryl Sandberg, "Lean In"
--Analyzing Description in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Description to Create Your Own Writing
Compare and Contrast
--NYT Editorial, "More Lessons About Charter Schools"
--Analyzing Compare and Contrast in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Compare and Contrast to Create Your Own Writing
Exemplification
--"I am an Undocumented Immigrant at Stanford University"
--Analyzing Exemplification in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Exemplification to Create Your Own Writing
Cause and Effect
--Julie Angwin, "Why I'm Unfriending You on Facebook"
--Analyzing Cause and Effect in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Cause and Effect to Create Your Own Writing
Process
--Leah Koenig, "The Classy Dive: Do's and Don't's of Dumpster Diving"
--Analyzing Process in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Process to Create Your Own Writing
Definition
--Beth Teitel, "Why Do We Loathe Mullets?"
--Analyzing Definition in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Definition to Create Your Own Writing
Proposal
--Lawrence Gostin, "Banning Large Sodas is Legal and Smart"
--Analyzing Proposal in Rhetorical Terms
--Using Propoal to Create Your Own Writing
PART 2. RHETORICAL READINGS
5. Purpose
What goal do I want to achieve?
Thinking Rhetorically About Purpose
Informal Reading Selections
--Courtney Whitman, "Best Warriors Highlight Strong Army Values"
--Matt Kibbe, "Take America Back"
--Woman With Head in Voting Booth (Visual)
--Alicia Criado, "After Waiting 13 Years, My Family Reunited"
--Jamie Kelley, "The Steroid Problem, and How to Fix It"
--Bryan Johnson, "Make State-Church Separation Absolute"
Formal Reading Selections
--Jose Cruz, "College Affordability: Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don't"``
--Sherry Turkle, "The Flight From Conversation"
--Douglass Rushkoff, "Why I'm Quitting Facebook"
--Shankar Vedantam, "Partisanship is the New Racism"
--Occupy Wall Street (visual)
F. Diane Barth, "Why Women Fear Envy, and Why We Don't Need To"
Academic Writing Selections
--Tillie Olsen, "I Stand Here Ironing"
--Stephen King, "Why We Crave Horror Movies"
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write an Essay of Your Own
--Iris Lopez, "Unintended Consequences: The Dangers of Social Media (student essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About Formal Selections
Understanding the Connection Between Formal and Informal Writing
Connecting Purpose to Rhetorical Modes
Speaking For Yourself
6. Audience
Audience and the Goals of Writing
Thinking Rhetorically About Writing
Informal Reading Selections
--"Get Happier!"
--Girlshealth.gov, "Why Fitness Matters"
--"We Are Destroying the Earth" (Cartoon)
--Peter Hakim and Cameron Combs, "Why the US Should Legalize Marijuana"
--CNN.com, "Kate and William Bring Home the Royal Baby"
Formal Reading Selections
--Michael Solis, "Social Media: Obstacle to Friendship/Love"
--Christopher Calabrese and Michael Harwood, "Desroying the Right to be Left Alone"
--Allison Brennan, "Microtargeting: How Campaigns Know You Better Than You Know Yourself"
--Daniel Solove, "Why Privacy Matters, Even When You Have Nothing to Hide,"
--Jim Taylor, "Popular Culture: Reality TV is NOT Reality"
Academic Reading Selections
--George Orwell, "Shooting an Elephant"
--Jhumpa Lahiri, "Rice"
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Create Your Own Academic Essay
--Luke VanDeMeer, "Censoring Free Speech: A Contradiction in Terms" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About Formal Selections
Understanding the Connection Between Formal and Informal Writing
Speaking for Yourself
7. Argument
What Point am I Trying to Make?
Thinking Rhetorically About Argument
Informal Reading Selections
--Adam Copeland, ""I Will Pray on National Day of Prayer but NOT Because Congress Told Me To"
--Kristi Myllenbeck, "You're Vegan, We Get It"
--Debate.org, "Should the Pledge of Allegiance Be Said in Schools?,"
--Pledge of Allegiance (visual)
--Amanda Hall, "College Affordability and the Growing Cost of Education"
--Student Loan Debt (cartoon)
--Penny Lee, "The Problem With a $15 Minimum Wage,"
Formal Reading Selections
--Myisha Cherry, "Twitter Trolls and the Refusal to Be Silenced"
--Lisa Bonos, "The Art of the Digital Breakup"
--Geoffrey Nunberg, "Swearing: A Long and #%@&$ History"
--Bonnie Erbe, "As Religious Affiliation Declines, What's the Impact?"
--E.J. Dionne, "Will We Keep Hating Government?"
Academic Reading Selections
--Thomas Jefferson, "The Declaration of Independence"
--Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Seneca Falls Convention"
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Write Your Own Academic Essay
--Andrea MacBride, "Dolls: A Legacy of Stereotype" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About Formal Selections
Understanding the Connection Between Formal and Informal Writing
Speaking for Yourself
8. Voice
Putting It Into Words
Thinking Rhetorically About Voice
Informal Reading Selections
--Hailey Yook, "Positive Stereotypes are Hurtful, Too"
--The Onion, "Ah, To Be Young, Rich, White, Male, College-Educated, Straight, and in Love"
--Adrian Rodriguez, "Body Art Stereotypes Misrepresent Tattoo and Piercing Culture"
--"Fast Food" (cartoon)
--Denis Storey, "Why We Hate Congress"
--Valerie Frankel, "Your Three Biggest Stressors, Solved"
Formal Reading Selections
--Brian Moen, "The Myth of Objectivity"
--Carl Elliot, "The Perfect Voice"
--Deanna Zandt, "Can't We All Just Get Along"
--Patricia Williams, "Anti-Intellectualism is Taking Over the US"
--William J. Astore, "The United States of Euphemism"
Academic Reading Selections
--Zora Neal Hurston, "How It Feels to be Colored Me"
--Richard Rodriguez, "Public Language, Private Language"
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Create Your Own Academic Essay
--Daniel Freeport, "The Benefits of Alternative Medicine" (student essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About Formal Selections
Understanding the Connection Between Formal and Informal Writing
Speaking for Yourself
9. Credibility
How Do I Make Myself Believable?
Thinking Rhetorically About Credibility
Informal Reading Selections
--Consumer Reports, "Mercury in Canned Tuna is Still a Concern"
--National Alliance for Public Charter Schools, "Why Charter Schools?"
--Virginia Heffernan, "Why I'm a Creationist"
--Houston Chronicle, "On Global Warming, the Science is Solid"
--Robin Warshow, "Eating Healthfully During Stressful Times"
Formal Reading Selections
--Pamela Rutledge, "#Selfies: Narcissism or Self-Exploration?"
--Frederic Neuman, "Should You Trust Your Doctor?"
--Jeff Karon, "A Positive Solution for Plagiarism"
--Stephanie Pappas, "Oscar Psychology: Why Celebrities Fascinate Us"
Academic Reading Selections
--Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery"
--Brent Staples, "Black Men and Public Space"
Tying It All Together
Using the Steps of Rhetorical Analysis to Create Your Own Academic Essay
--Rachel Morton, "How I Learned to Dislike Math" (Student Essay)
Group Work: Thinking Rhetorically About Formal Selections
Understanding the Connection Between Formal and Informal Writing
Speaking for Yourself
PART 3. THE RESEARCH PROCESS
10. Finding and Evaluating Sources
Research in the Real World
Thinking Rhetorically About Your Sources
Generating a Viable Research Topic
Creating a Formal Research Proposal
Identifying Valid Sources
Evaluating Valid Sources
11. Creating and Revising a Research Draft
Organizing Your Research Paper
Creating a Research Outline
Integrating Sources Into Your Draft
Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Source Material
Identifying and Avoiding Plagiarism
Strategies for Revising
Documenting Sources
-- MLA Guidelines for In-Text Citations
-- MLA Guidelines for Works Cited Page
Credits
Index