The Rise of Investor-State Arbitration Politics, Law, and Unintended Consequences

Taylor St John is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow, PluriCourts, University of Oslo, and Senior Research Associate, Global Economic Governance Programme, University of Oxford

Introduction
1. International Officials and the Rise of ISDS: A Historical Institutionalist Account
Part I. Creating the Convention
2. Gunboats and Diplomacy: Antecedents of the ICSID Convention
3. Intergovernmental Bargaining: 'The Lowest Common Denominator Was Not Yet Low Enough'
4. Supranational Agenda-Setting: The World Bank's 'Modest Proposal'
5. Intergovernmental Deliberation and Ratification of ICSID
Part II. Eliciting State Consent
6. Layering: How Investor-State Arbitration Was Added to Investment Treaties
7. Conversion: America Embraces Investor-State Arbitration
8. Why is Exit So Hard? Positive Feedback and Institutional Persistence
Conclusion