School Counselor Consultation Skills for

Unlike other consultation books that focus on theory, this text presents proven practice techniques, including: what to say to parents and teachers about referring students to the school counselor; what to ask teachers to assist in formulating successful interventions; how to make the most of parent conferences; how to plan for, execute, and follow-up on consultation sessions; a five-step approach to conducting an individual consultation; and how to plan and present psychoeducational workshops to parents and teachers.

GREG BRIGMAN, PHD, is Professor and LINDA WEBB, PHD, is Assistant Professor in the Department of Counselor Education at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.

FRAN MULLIS, PHD, is Associate Professor and JOANNA WHITE, EDD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Counseling and Psychological Services at Georgia State University in Atlanta, Georgia.

List of Tables and Figures

ix

Foreword

xi

Robert D. Myrick

Introduction to School Counselors as Consultants

1

(8)

Personal and Professional Growth Orientation

2

(1)

Knowledge of Consultation and Human Behavior

2

(1)

Consulting Skills

2

(1)

A Multicultural and Diversity Perspective

3

(2)

Why Consult?

5

(4)

A School-Based Approach to Consultation: Supporting Models and Theories

9

(10)

Consultation in Schools

9

(1)

Theoretical Approach

10

(2)

Models of Consultation

12

(2)

Another Approach to Organization of Models

14

(1)

Models and Theory Central to This Approach

15

(1)

Case Consultation Model

16

(1)

Teaching/Workshop Model

16

(3)

Ethical Issues in Consultation

19

(12)

Tripartite Relationship

19

(4)

Information about the Student (Client)

20

(3)

Information about the Consultee

23

(1)

Nonsupervisory Relationship

23

(1)

Voluntary and Temporary Relationship

24

(1)

Voluntary and Temporary

24

(1)

Encourages Consultee Self-Reliance

25

(1)

Work-Related Relationship

25

(1)

Other Ethical Issues

26

(3)

Working with Other Professionals

26

(2)

Competence

28

(1)

Values

28

(1)

Fees for Service

29

(1)

Additional Considerations

29

(2)

Case Consultation with Teachers and Parents

31

(12)

Basic Consultation Model

31

(1)

Before the Consultation

32

(2)

Step I: Prepare for the Consultation

32

(2)

During the Consultation

34

(7)

Step II: Define the Process and Develop the Relationship

34

(1)

Step III: Present and Gather Information about the Student

35

(2)

Step IV: Choose Behaviors to Work On---Identify/Plan Intervention and Follow-Up Strategies

37

(4)

After the Consultation

41

(2)

Step V: Follow-Up

41

(2)

Typical Issues in School Consultation

43

(8)

How to Refer Students

43

(2)

What Parents and Teachers Can Tell Students about Seeing the Counselor

45

(2)

Frequently Asked Questions

47

(1)

Consultee Resistance

48

(3)

Workshops and Education Programs

51

(14)

Workshop Model

51

(1)

Programs for Teachers

52

(3)

Cooperative Discipline

54

(1)

Tribes: A New Way of Learning and Being Together

54

(1)

Systematic Training for Effective Teaching

55

(1)

Preparing Parents for a Different Approach

55

(1)

Programs for Parents

56

(9)

MegaSkills

58

(1)

Roots and Wings: Raising Resilient Children

58

(1)

Building Successful Partnerships: A Guide for Developing Parent and Family Involvement Programs

58

(1)

Systematic Training for Effective Parenting

59

(1)

The Next Step (Systematic Training for Effective Parenting through Problem Solving)

60

(1)

Strengthening Stepfamilies

60

(1)

Active Parenting Now

61

(1)

Family Talk

61

(1)

Bowdoin Parent Education Program

62

(3)

Other Opportunities for Consultation in Schools

65

(16)

Parent-Teacher-Counselor Conferences

65

(1)

Student-Teacher-Counselor Conferences

66

(1)

Teacher Team Consultation

67

(8)

Grade Level Team Meetings

67

(1)

School-Based Teams

68

(6)

Referral Teams

74

(1)

Common School-Based Recommendations for Students with Task Completion Difficulties

75

(1)

Teacher Advisor Programs

76

(2)

Other Suggestions about Kinds of Consultation

78

(3)

Classroom Meetings: Creating a Climate of Cooperation

81

(8)

Benefits of Classroom Meetings

81

(1)

The Classroom Meeting Format

82

(2)

Teaching Teachers to Use Classroom Meetings

84

(2)

Barriers to Effective Classroom Meetings and Strategies to Overcome Them

86

(3)

Consultation with Administrators

89

(12)

Crisis Intervention: Planning for and Responding to a Crisis

90

(2)

The Role of the School Counselor

90

(2)

Guidelines for Responding to a Crisis

92

(1)

Schoolwide Plans

92

(9)

The Process of Schoolwide Change

94

(1)

The School Counselor and Discipline Planning

95

(2)

A Four-Key Approach to Schoolwide Discipline

97

(4)

Consultation in the Community

101

(6)

Referrals

101

(1)

Speaker's Bureau

102

(1)

Parent Group

102

(1)

Parent-Teacher Organization

103

(1)

Service or Civic Clubs

103

(1)

Business Partners or Partners in Education

103

(1)

Community Task Forces

104

(1)

Grandparent Program

104

(1)

Keys to Successful Community Involvement

104

(3)

Concluding Remarks

107

(2)

Appendix A: Adlerian Theory

109

(8)

Appendix B: Ethical Standards for School Counselors

117

(14)

Appendix C: The American Counseling Association Code of Ethics

131

(30)

Appendix D: Building Consultation Skills: An Application-Learning Model

161

(12)

References

173

(6)

Annotated Bibliography

179

(6)

Author Index

185

(2)

Subject Index

187

(8)

About the Authors

195

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School Counselor Consultation Skills for Working Effectively with Parents, Teachers, and Other School Personnel

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials