Drawing a random sample from the population and calculating the mean of that sample
33
(1)
Calculating the standard deviation (S) and estimated standard error of the sample (sx)
34
(1)
Calculating the value of the test statistic t that corresponds to the mean of the sample (tcalc)
34
(1)
Comparing the calculated value of t with the critical values of t, and then accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis
34
(1)
The meaning of statistical significance
35
(1)
Type I and type II errors
35
(2)
Power of statistical tests
37
(1)
Directional hypotheses
38
(2)
Testing for differences between groups
40
(1)
Analysis of variance
41
(3)
Nonparametric and distribution-free tests
44
(1)
Notes
45
(1)
Exercises
45
(2)
Correlational Techniques
47
(6)
Correlation
47
(2)
Regression
49
(1)
Choosing an appropriate inferential or correlational technique
50
(3)
Research Methods
53
(8)
Experimental studies
53
(3)
Nonexperimental studies
56
(5)
Statistics in Epidemology
61
(8)
Rates
61
(3)
Measurement of risk
64
(3)
Note
67
(2)
Statistics in Medical Decision Making
69
(8)
Validity
69
(1)
Reliability
69
(1)
Reference values
70
(1)
Sensitivity and specificity
71
(3)
Predictive values
74
(3)
Appendix 1
77
(2)
Appendix 2
79
(4)
References
83
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