Preharvest Food Safety

An overview of farm-to-fork safety in the preharvest realm Foodborne outbreaks continue to take lives and harm economies, making controlling the entry of pathogens into the food supply a priority. Preharvest factors have been the cause of numerous outbreaks, including Listeria in melons, Salmonella associated with tomatoes, and Shiga toxin-producing E.coli in beef products, yet most traditional control measures and regulations occur at the postharvest stage. Preharvest Food Safety covers a broad swath of knowledge surrounding topics of safety at the preharvest and harvest stages, focusing on problems for specific food sources and food pathogens, as well as new tools and potential solutions. Led by editors Siddhartha Thakur and Kalmia Kniel, a team of expert authors provides insights into critical themes surrounding preharvest food safety, including

• Challenges specific to meat, seafood, dairy, egg, produce, grain, and nut production
• Established and emerging foodborne and agriculture-related pathogens
• Influences of external factors such as climate change and the growing local-foods trend
• Regulatory issues from both US and EU perspectives
• Use of pre- and probiotics, molecular tools, mathematical modeling, and one health approaches

Intended to encourage the scientific community and food industry stakeholders to advance their knowledge of the developments and challenges associated with preharvest food safety, this book addresses the current state of the field and provides a diverse array of chapters focused on a variety of food commodities and microbiological hazards.

Contributors

Preface

Section I. Overview of the Preharvest Food Safety Problem

1. Introduction to Preharvest Food Safety
Mary E. Torrence

2. Preharvest Farming Practices Impacting Fresh Produce Safety
Eduardo Gutierrez-Rodriguez and Achyut Adhikari

3. Preharvest Food Safety Challenges in Beef and Dairy Production
David R. Smith

4. Preharvest Food Safety in Broiler Chicken Production
Walid Q. Alali and Charles L. Hofacre

5. Egg Safety in the Realm of Preharvest Food Safety
Manpreet Singh and Jagpinder Brar

6. Nuts and Grain: Microbiology and Preharvest Contamination Risks
Pardeepinder K. Brar and Michelle D. Danyluk

7. Risks Associated with Fish and Seafood
Sailaja Chintagari, Nicole Hazard, Genevieve Edwards, Ravi Jadeja, and Marlene Janes

8. Water for Agriculture: The Convergence of Sustainability and Safety
Sarah M. Markland, David Ingram, Kalmia E. Kniel, and Manan Sharma

9. Importance of Soil Amendments: Survival of Bacterial Pathogens in Manure and Compost Used as Organic Fertilizers
Manan Sharma and Russell Reynnells

Section II. Emerging Issues in Preharvest Food Safety

10. Reducing Foodborne Pathogen Persistence and Transmission in Animal Production Environments: Challenges and Opportunities
Elaine D. Berry and James E. Wells

11. Emerging Foodborne and Agriculture-Related Viruses
David H. Kingsley

12. Toxoplasma gondii as a Parasite in Food: Analysis and Control
Dolores H. Hill and Jitender P. Dubey

13. Local Foods Systems Food Safety Concerns
Benjamin Chapman and Chris Gunter

14. Preharvest Food Safety Under the Influence of a Changing Climate
Kalmia E. Kniel and Patrick Spanninger

15. Potential for Meta-Analysis in the Realm of Preharvest Food Safety
Jan M. Sargeant and Annette M. O’Connor

Section III. Emerging Solutions to Preharvest Food Safety

16. Phage Therapy Approaches to Reducing Pathogen Persistence and Transmission in Animal Production Environments: Opportunities and Challenges
Anna Colavecchio and Lawrence D. Goodridge

17. Regulatory Issues Associated with Preharvest Food Safety: United States Perspective
Shirley A. Micallef and Robert L. Buchanan

18. Regulatory Issues Associated with Preharvest Food Safety: European Union Perspective
Lis Alban

19. Current Status of the Preharvest Application of Pro- and Prebiotics to Farm Animals to Enhance the Microbial Safety of Animal Products
Rolf D. Joerger and Arpeeta Ganguly

20. Molecular Tools to Study Preharvest Food Safety Challenges
Deepak Kumar and Siddhartha Thakur

21. Mathematical Modeling Tools to Study Preharvest Food Safety
Cristina Lanzas and Shi Chen

22. Understanding the Complexities of Food Safety Using a “One Health” Approach
Kalmia E. Kniel, Deepak Kumar, and Siddhartha Thakur

Index

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