Transformative Constitutionalism in Latin America The Emergence of a New Ius Commune

This ground-breaking collection of essays outlines and explains the unique development of Latin American jurisprudence. It introduces the idea of the Ius Constitutionale Commune en America Latina (ICCAL), an original Latin American path of transformative constitutionalism, to an Anglophone audience for the first time. It charts the key developments that have transformed the region and assesses the success of the constitutional projects that followed a period of authoritarian regimes in Latin America.

Coined by scholars who have been documenting, conceptualizing, and comparing the development of Latin American public law for more than a decade, the term ICCAL encompasses themes that cross national borders and legal fields, taking in constitutional law, administrative law, general public international law, regional integration law, human rights, and investment law.

Not only does this volume map the legal landscape, it also suggests measures to improve society via due legal process and a rights-based, supranational and regionally rooted constitutionalism. The editors contend that with the strengthening of democracy, the rule of law, and human rights, common problems such as the exclusion of wide sectors of the population from having a say in government, as well as corruption, hyper-presidentialism, and the weak normativity of the law can be combatted more effectively in future.

Armin von Bogdandy, Director of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law,Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor, Vice-President of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights,Mariela Morales Antoniazzi, Senior Research Fellow for Latin America at the Max Planck Institute for Public Law and International Law,Flavia Piovesan, Professor of Law, Catholic University of Sao Paulo,Ximena Soley, Research fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg

Armin von Bogdandy is Director of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg and Professor of Public Law at the University of Frankfurt/Main. He has been president of the OECD Nuclear Energy Tribunal as well as a member of the German Science Council and the Scientific Committee of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights; he has held visiting positions at the New York University School of Law, the European University Institute, the Xiamen Academy of International Law, and the National Autonomous University of Mexico, among others. Armin von Bogdandy is the recipient of the Leibniz Prize, the prize for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of legal and economic foundations by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences; the Premio Internacional "Hector Fix Zamudio,"; and the "Mazo" (gavel) of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. His research centres on structural development in public law.


Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor is judge and vice-president of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, as well as professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and researcher at the Legal Research Institute of that university. He studied law at the Autonomous University of Baja California obtained his PhD in law from the University of Navarra. He is director of the Iberoamerican Journal of Procedural Constitutional Law (Revista Iberoamericana de Derecho Procesal Constitucional).


Mariela Morales Antoniazzi is a senior research fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg. She studies law at the Andres Bello Catholic University, obtained her LLM at the University of Heidelberg and her PhD at the University of Frankfurt/Main. Mariela Morales Antoniazzi is visiting professor at various Latin American universities and vice-president of the German section of the Iberoamerican Institute of Constitutional Law. She coordinates the project Ius Constitutionale Commune en America Latina (ICCAL) at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law.


Flavia Piovesan is professor of constitutional law and human rights at the Catholic University of Sao Paulo, where she holds a position in the human rights postgraduate programmes. She holds additional positions at the Catholic University of Parana, and the human rights and development programme of Pablo de Olavide University, Spain. She was a human rights fellow at the Centre for Brazilian Studies, at the University of Oxford in 2005; and has been a visiting fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law on numerous occasions. From 2009-2014 she was there as a Humboldt Foundation Georg Forster Research Fellow. Flavia Piovesan is a former member of the UN High Level Task Force on the implementation of the right to development and a member of the OAS Working Group working on the monitoring of the Protocol of San Salvador on social, economic and cultural rights. In 2016, she was appointed Special Secretary for Human Rights in Brazil.

INTRODUCTION
1. Ius Constitutionale Commune in America Latina: A Regional Approach to Transformative Constitutionalism, Armin von Bogdandy, Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor, Mariela Morales Antoniazzi, Flavia Piovesan, and Ximena Soley
PART I: FRAMEWORK
2. Ius Constitutionale Commune in America Latina: A Conceptual Clarification, Armin von Bogdandy
3. Ius Constitutionale Commune in America Latina: Context, Challenges, and Perspectives, Flavia Piovesan
4. The Struggle for Rights and the Ius Constitutionale Commune, Pedro Salazar Ugarte
5. A Multidimensional Approach to Equality in the Inter-American Context: Redistribution, Recognition, and Participatory Parity, Martin Aldao, Laura Clerico, and Liliana Ronconi
6. Transformative Constitutionalism and the Global South: The View from South Africa, James Fowkes
7. Preserving the Acquis of Transformative Constitutionalism in Times of Constitutional Crisis: Lessons from the Hungarian Case, Pal Sonnevend
PART II: THE DOMESTIC ELEMENT
8. The Mexican Constitution of 1917: An Early Example of Transformative Constitutionalism, Rainer Grote
9. The Amparo as an Instrument of Ius Constitutionale Commune, Allan Brewer Carias
10. The Presidential System in Latin America: A Hallmark and Challenge to a Latin American Ius Constitutionale Commune, Diego Valades
11. The "New Latin American Constitutionalism": Old Wine in New Skins, Roberto Gargarella
12. The Block of Constitutionality as the Doctrinal Pivot of a Ius Commune, Manuel Gongora-Mera
13. Inter-Americanization: Its Legal Bases and Political Impact, Mariela Morales Antoniazzi and Pablo Saavedra Alessandri
PART III: THE INTER-AMERICAN ELEMENT
14. The Inter-American System of Human Rights: Essential Features, Sabrina Ragone
15. The American Human Rights Navigation: Toward a Ius Commune, Sergio Garcia Ramirez
16. The Conventionality Control as a Core Mechanism of the Ius Constitutionale Commune, Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor
17. The Transformative Dimension of Inter-American Jurisprudence, Ximena Soley
18. The Impact of Inter-American Judgments by Institutional Empowerment, Oscar Parra Vera
19. The Added Value of the Inter-American Human Rights System: Comparative Thoughts, Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen