Philosophy and the Many Faces of Science

This collection of original papers by an international group of distinguished philosophers of science impressively demonstrates the links among the philosophic points of view, areas of focus, and methods of treatment used in examining the many facets of scientific inquiry. It will be an indispensable collection for philosophers of science and scientists of various disciplines, including physicists, neuroscientists, and psychologists.

Foreword

ix

Gerald J. Massey

Introduction

xi

Dionysios Anapolitanos

Aristides Baltas

Stavroula Tsinorema

Part I: Language and Logic

Understanding and Reference

2

(16)

Diego Marconi

On the Importance of Knowing What One Is Talking About

18

(6)

Jonathan Berg

Frege's Logicist Platonism

24

(16)

Pirmin Stekeler-Weithofer

Knowledge by ``Symbolic Constructions''

40

(25)

Ulrich Majer

Indiscriminate Confirmation and Relevance Logic

65

(11)

Werner Stelzner

Part II: Discovering and Explaining

Explanation and Mechanism: Reflections on the Ontic Conception of Explanation

76

(17)

John Forge

Choice, Time, and Methodology in Peirce's Philosophy of Nature

93

(24)

Helmut Pape

Chance and Explanation in Peirce's Cosmology

117

(5)

Ruth Manor

Creative Discovery Processes

122

(14)

Abaron Kantorovitch

The Hermeneutics of Scientific Discovery (A Comment on Aharon Kantorovich)

136

(8)

Dimitri Ginev

Part III: Experiments, Quasi-Experiments, and Their Constraints

Theory and Experiment in the Study of Brownian Motion and Radioactivity

144

(11)

Jan von Plato

How to Learn from Experiments

155

(3)

Manfred Stoeckler

Meaningless Numbers

158

(14)

Nicholas Rescher

What, if Anything, Is an Experiment in Mathematics?

172

(11)

Jean Paul von Bendegem

Epistemological Aspects of the Application of Mathematics to Itself

183

(13)

Jean-Pierre Marquis

Part IV: History and Philosophy of Science in Context

The Rise of Scientific Philosophy Revisited

196

(10)

Ulrich Roseberg

Models and Reality: An Historical Approach

206

(9)

Werner Diederich

Scientific Realism and History of Science: A Comment

215

(2)

Barbara Tuchanska

Methodological Relativism in the History of Science

217

(6)

Barbara D. Massey

Science and Culture: On the Logic of the Theory of Culture

223

(11)

Oswald Schwemmer

PART V: The Ways of the Mind

Artificial Intelligence, Quantum Mechanics, Neuroscience, and the Philosophy of Mind

234

(18)

Klaus Mainzer

Does Mind Matter? Artificial Intelligence, Computational Neuroscience, and the Philosophy of Mind

252

(8)

Roger Vergauwen

In the Theoretician's Laboratory: Thought Experimenting as Mental Modeling

260

(13)

Nancy J. Nersessian

The Failure of Freud's Explanation of Counter-Wish Dreams

273

(14)

Adolf Grunbaum

Index

287

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Philosophy and the Many Faces of Science

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials