Assessment and Planning in Health Programs

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ISBN: 9780763790097 | 0763790095
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/8/2010

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Assessment and Planning in Health Programs, Second Edition enables students and practitioners to successfully plan, implement, and evaluate programs and interventions that will assist individuals and groups in maintaining and improving their health. Written in an accessible manner, this comprehensive text provides an overview of needs assessment, program planning, and program evaluation, and explains several goals and strategies for each. It addresses the importance and use of theories, data collection strategies, and key terminology in the field of health education and health promotion.Instructor Resources: Instructor’s Manual, PowerPoint PresentationsStudent Resources: Companion website

Preface	p. xi
Assessment for Developing Programs and Interventions: The Big Picture	p. 1
Why Conduct a Needs Assessment?	p. 2
To Develop a Sense of Connection and Ownership of the Program among the Target Population	p. 2
To Provide Information Needed to Seek Resources or Funding	p. 3
To Identify Barriers and Limitations of a Program You Want to Implement	p. 3
To Collect Baseline Data for Evaluation	p. 4
To Identify Programming Goals and Objectives	p. 4
To Achieve the Goals of Our Profession	p. 4
Assessment Protocol for Excellence in Public Health	p. 9
Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnership	p. 10
Protocol for Assessing Community Excellence in Environmental Health	p. 10
Precede-Proceed	p. 11
Organizing Your Needs Assessment	p. 14
Coalitions and Partnerships	p. 14
Coalition Example	p. 17
Budgets	p. 19
Timelines	p. 20
Summary	p. 23
Paint a Picture of Your Target Population: Assessing Assets and Problems	p. 27
Getting Started	p. 28
Quality of Life and Health Status Assessment	p. 29
Epidemiological Assessment	p. 34
Selecting Health Priorities	p. 37
Determining the Sources of Priority Health Problems	p. 40
Selecting Behavioral and Environmental Priorities	p. 46
Identifying the Contributors to Priority Behavioral and Environmental Factors	p. 50
Administrative and Policy Assessment	p. 52
Resource Assessment	p. 53
Implementation Assessment	p. 54
Policy Assessment	p. 54
The Big Picture	p. 55
When Needs Assessment Resources Are Tight	p. 56
Some General Reminders	p. 57
Summary	p. 58
Data Collection Strategies for Needs Assessments and Evaluations	p. 63
Deciding on Data Collection Strategies	p. 66
Resources	p. 66
People Characteristics	p. 67
Strategies for Secondary Data Collection	p. 68
Vital Statistics	p. 69
Notifiable Diseases	p. 73
Strategies for Primary Data Collection	p. 75
Observations	p. 75
Windshield Tours	p. 81
Photo Voice or Photo Novella	p. 82
Interviews	p. 83
Individual Interviews	p. 85
Group Interviews	p. 89
Special Considerations for Interview Techniques	p. 91
Written Surveys and Questionnaires	p. 91
Special Considerations When Using Surveys and Questionnaires	p. 91
Techniques for Coming to a Group Consensus	p. 95
Document Review	p. 96
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)	p. 96
Data Collection: The Big Picture	p. 97
Whom to Include in Your Primary Data Collection: Sampling	p. 98
Probability Sampling	p. 99
Nonprobability Sampling	p. 100
Human Subjects Protection and Institutional Review Boards	p. 101
Summary	p. 102
Program Planning: The Big Picture	p. 107
Program Planning Steps	p. 108
Review the Needs Assessment	p. 108
Convene an Advisory Panel or Planning Committee	p. 109
Assess and Establish a Budget for Program Planning	p. 110
Write and Review a Mission Statement	p. 111
Write and Review Program Goals and Program Objectives	p. 111
Select a Theory or Theories on Which to Base Your Program	p. 111
Review Other Programs to Generate Program Strategy Alternatives	p. 112
Assess and Establish the Budget for Program Implementation	p. 113
Estimate Time	p. 116
Select Strategies and Activities	p. 116
Plan Evaluation	p. 117
Determine and Establish Cooperative Agreements and Linkages with Other Appropriate Community Agencies	p. 118
Write Component-Specific Behavior and Learning Objectives	p. 118
Pilot-Test the Intervention	p. 119
Implement the Program	p. 119
Logic Models	p. 121
Summary	p. 124
Social Marketing, Program Planning, and Implementation	p. 127
Consumer Orientation	p. 128
Audience (Market) Segmentation	p. 128
Exchange	p. 129
Marketing Mix	p. 129
Product	p. 129
Price	p. 131
Place	p. 131
Promotion	p. 132
Positioning Strategy	p. 133
Continuous Monitoring	p. 134
VERBÖ: Another Example	p. 135
Summary	p. 139
The Importance and Use of Theories in Health Education and Health Promotion	p. 143
What Are Theories?	p. 143
Why Use Theories and Models?	p. 144
How to Choose a Theory	p. 144
Intrapersonal Theories	p. 147
Stages of Change	p. 147
Health Belief Model	p. 148
Interpersonal Theories	p. 149
Social Cognitive Theory	p. 149
Stage Theory of Organization Change	p. 151
Community Organization Theories	p. 152
Other Theories	p. 152
Diffusion of Innovations (DOI)	p. 152
Summary	p. 153
Further Reading	p. 153
Identifying and Writing Mission Statements, Goals, and Objectives	p. 157
What Is a Mission Statement?	p. 158
Program Philosophy as the Foundation of the Mission Statement	p. 159
Developing a Mission Statement	p. 160
Program Goals	p. 162
Healthy People Goals	p. 163
Professional Philosophies and Goals of Health Education	p. 166
Objectives	p. 167
Types of Objectives	p. 167
Levels of Objectives	p. 168
Developing an Objective	p. 169
Summary	p. 174
Identifying Strategies and Activities	p. 177
Interventions, Methods, and Strategies	p. 179
General Intervention Considerations	p. 180
Tailoring the Intervention	p. 180
Cultural Appropriateness	p. 181
Multiple Intelligences	p. 181
Methods for Creating Change	p. 182
Methods to Increase Knowledge	p. 182
Methods to Change Attitudes	p. 183
Methods to Change Social Influence	p. 183
Some Common Methods for Building Skills and Self-Efficacy	p. 183
Sources of Strategies and Activities	p. 184
Benefits of Using Existing Materials or Curricula	p. 186
Tailoring Lesson Instruction	p. 186
Strategies for Health Education and Health Promotion	p. 187
Summary	p. 189
Program Implementation	p. 193
Summary	p. 203
Program Evaluation: Background and Basics	p. 205
Types of Evaluation	p. 207
Formative Evaluation	p. 207
Summative Evaluation	p. 207
Process Evaluation	p. 207
Impact Evaluation	p. 209
Outcome Evaluation	p. 209
Conducting an Evaluation	p. 209
Engage Stakeholders	p. 211
Describe the Program	p. 211
Conceptualize the Evaluation	p. 212
Design the Evaluation	p. 216
Choose and Test the Instruments and Procedures	p. 217
Collect Evaluation Data	p. 218
Analyze and Report Data	p. 219
Make Changes to Your Program Based on the Data	p. 220
Evaluate Again	p. 220
Evaluation Principles	p. 220
Summary	p. 221
Social and Health Assessment Example: Cortland Counts	p. 225
Focus Group Materials Examples	p. 229
Examples of Informed Consent Materials	p. 235
Evaluation Structure and Design	p. 239
Glossary	p. 249
Index	p. 257
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Assessment and Planning in Health Programs

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