The Equine Acute Abdomen

• The definitive guide to acute abdominal disorders in equine patients, fully updated and revised to reflect the latest developments in the field
• Lavishly illustrated with more than 450 color illustrations, photographs, line drawings, and figures
• A companion website features video clips and images from the book available for download
• Provides an invaluable resource to equine surgery and internal medicine specialists, researchers, practitioners, and students who deal with colic 

The editors

ANTHONY T. BLIKSLAGER, DVM, PHD, DACVS, is Professor of Equine Surgery and Gastroenterology in the Department of Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.

NATHANIEL A. WHITE II, DVM, MS, DACVS, is Professor Emeritus of Equine Surgery at Virginia Tech’s Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, in Leesburg, Virginia, USA.

JAMES N. MOORE, DVM, PHD, DACVS, is Josiah Meigs Distinguished Teaching Professor and Director,
Educational Resources, in the College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia, USA.

TIM S. MAIR, BVSc, PHD, DEIM, DESTS, DECEIM, Assoc. ECVDI, FRCVS, is an equine practitioner and Director at Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic in Maidstone, UK.

Editors viii

List of Contributors ix

Preface and Dedication xiii

About the Companion Website xiv

Part I Normal Anatomy and Physiology 1

1 Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Equine Gastrointestinal Tract 3
Thomas M. Krunkosky, Carla L. Jarrett, and James N. Moore

2 Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cells 19
Liara M. Gonzalez

3 Gastric Secretory Function 24
Michael J. Murray

4 Small Intestinal Function 27
Anthony T. Blikslager

5 Large Intestine Function 41
Marco A. F. Lopes and Philip J. Johnson

6 Liver Function 55
Tim S. Mair

7 The Equine Intestinal Microbiota 58
J. Scott Weese

8 Effects of Feeding on Equine Gastrointestinal Function or Physiology 66
Marco A. F. Lopes and Philip J. Johnson

9 Intestinal Motility and Transit 78
Jorge E. Nieto and Peter C. Rakestraw

Part II Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases 97

10 Pathophysiology of Gastric Ulcer Disease 99
Michael J. Murray

11 Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Obstruction and Strangulation 102
Anthony T. Blikslager

12 Pathophysiology of Pain 119
Casper Lindegaard, Karina B. Gleerup, and Pia Haubro Andersen

13 Pathophysiology and Treatment of Postoperative Ileus 140
Jorge E. Nieto and Peter C. Rakestraw

14 Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Adhesions 153
P. O. Eric Mueller

15 Pathophysiology of Enteritis and Colitis 166
Harold C. McKenzie III

16 Pathophysiology of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome 183
Clare E. Bryant and James N. Moore

Part III Intestinal Parasitism 193

17 Intestinal Parasitism 195
Christopher J. Proudman

Part IV Epidemiology of Colic 205

18 Epidemiology of Colic: Principles for Practice 207
Noah D. Cohen

19 Epidemiology of Colic: Risk Factors 215
Noah D. Cohen

Part V Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disease 221

20 Diagnostic Approach to Colic 223
Anne Desrochers and Nathaniel A. White II

21 Investigations of Chronic and Recurrent Colic 263
Nathaniel A. White II

22 Alternative Diagnostic Techniques 266
Nathaniel A. White II and Anne Desrochers

23 Imaging of the Abdomen 271
Anne Desrochers

24 Decision for Surgery and Referral 285
Nathaniel A. White II

25 Prognosticating Equine Colic 289
Nathaniel A. White II

26 Biosecurity in the Management of Equine Gastrointestinal Disease 301
Harold C. McKenzie III

Part VI Medical Management 311

27 Medical Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases 313
Tim S. Mair

28 Treatment of Shock 331
Kevin Corley

29 Diagnosis and Treatment of Peritonitis and Hemoperitoneum 361
John F. Peroni

30 Diagnosis of Enteritis and Colitis in the Horse 376
Harold C. McKenzie III

Part VII Colic in the Foal 411

31 Diagnosis of Colic in the Foal 413
Martin Furr

32 Imaging of the Foal with Colic and Abdominal Distention 418
Martin Furr

33 Medical Management of Colic in the Foal 422
Martin Furr

34 Surgical Management of Colic in the Foal 426
Sarah M. Khatibzadeh and James A. Brown

35 Anesthesia of Foals with Colic 437
Cynthia M. Trim

36 Specific Diseases of the Foal 452
Martin Furr

37 Liver Diseases in Foals 459
Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers

Part VIII Colic in the Donkey 469

38 Colic in the Donkey 471
Alexandra K. Thiemann, Karen J. Rickards, Mulugeta Getachew, and Georgios Paraschou

Part IX Nutritional Management 489

39 Nutritional Management of the Colic Patient 491
Shannon E. Pratt�]Phillips and Raymond J. Geor

Part X Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery 509

40 Anesthesia for Horses with Colic 511
Cynthia M. Trim

Part XI Surgery for Acute Abdominal Disease 539

41 Preparation of the Patient for Abdominal Surgery 541
Anna K. Rötting

42 Surgical Exploration and Manipulation 549
Anna K. Rötting

43 Intestinal Viability 570
Liara M. Gonzalez

44 Small Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis 581
Anna K. Rötting

45 Large Colon Enterotomy, Resection, and Anastomosis 597
Joanne Hardy

46 Abdominal Closure 604
Vanessa L. Cook

Part XII Intensive Care and Postoperative Care 611

47 Monitoring Treatment for Abdominal Disease 613
Tim S. Mair

48 Postoperative Complications 624
Diana M. Hassel

49 Laminitis Associated with Acute Abdominal Disease 639
James K. Belknap and Andrew H. Parks

Part XIII Specific Diseases of Horses 663

50 Diseases of the Stomach 665
Michael J. Murray

51 Diseases of the Liver and Liver Failure 673
Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers

52 Diseases of the Small Intestine 704
Debra C. Archer

53 Diseases of the Cecum 737
James N. Moore and Joanne Hardy

54 Specific Diseases of the Ascending Colon 748
Joanne Hardy

55 Diseases of the Descending Colon 775
John F. Peroni

56 Equine Grass Sickness 783
Tim S. Mair

57 Rectal Tears 790
Canaan M. Whitfield�]Cargile and Peter C. Rakestraw

58 Malabsorption Syndromes 804
Tim S. Mair and Thomas J. Divers

59 Colic and Pregnant Mares 819
Elizabeth M. Santschi

60 Colic from Alternative Systems: “False Colics” 831
Tim S. Mair

61 Abdominal Trauma 843
John F. Peroni

62 Abdominal Abscesses and Neoplasia 848
Jan F. Hawkins

Index 855

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