Allen's Astrophysical Quantities

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ISBN: 9780387987460 | 0387987460
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 5/1/2000

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This new edition of Allen's classic "Astrophysical Quantities" belongs on every astronomer's bookshelf. It has been thoroughly revised and updated by a team of internationally renowned team of astronomers and astrophysicists. Topics covered include: * General constants and units * Atoms, molecules, and spectra * Observational astronomy at all wavelengths from radio to gamma-rays, and neutrinos * Planetary astronomy: Earth, planets and satellites, and solar system small bodies * The Sun, normal stars, and stars with special characteristics * Cataclysmic and symbiotic variables, supernovae * Theoretical stellar evolution * Circumstellar and interstellar material * Star clusters, galaxies, quasars, and active galactic nuclei * Clusters and groups of galaxies * Cosmology

Preface

Contributors

Introduction

(6)

Arthur N. Cox

Background

(1)

Astronomical Symbols

(1)

Astronomical and Astrophysical Journals

(5)

General Constants and Units

(20)

Arthur N. Cox

Mathematical Constants

(1)

Physical Constants

(4)

General Astronomical Constants

(1)

Astronomical Constants Involving Time

(4)

Units

(5)

Electric and Magnetic Unit Relations

(5)

Atoms and Molecules

(26)

Werner Dappen

Online Databases and Other Sources

(1)

Elements, Atomic Mass, and Solar-System Abundance

(3)

Excitation, Ionization, and Partition Functions

(4)

Ionization Potentials

(1)

Electron Affinities

(1)

Atomic Cross Sections for Electronic Collisions

(8)

Atomic Radii

(1)

Particles of Modern Physics

(1)

Molecules

(2)

Plasmas

(6)

Spectra

(42)

Charles Cowley

Wolfgang L. Wiese

Jeffrey Fuhr

Ludmila A. Kuznetsova

Online Database

(1)

Terminology for Atomic States, Levels, Terms, etc.

(3)

Electronic Configurations

(3)

Spectrum Line Intensities

(5)

Relative Strengths Within Multiplets

(3)

Wavelengths and Wave Numbers

(1)

Atomic Oscillator Strengths for Allowed Lines

(9)

Nuclear Spin and Hyperfine Structure: Low-Level Hyperfine Transitions

(1)

Forbidden Line Transition Probabilities

(4)

Spectra of Diatomic Molecules

(2)

Energy Levels

(2)

Transitions

(2)

Selection Rules: Dipole Radiation

(6)

Radiation

(26)

J. J. Keady

D. P. Kilcrease

Radiation Quantities and Interrelations

(5)

Refractive Index and Average Polarizability

100

(2)

Absorption and Scattering by Particles

102

(4)

Photoionization and Recombination

106

(3)

X-Ray Attenuation

109

(1)

Absorption of Material of Stellar Interiors

110

(4)

Absorption of Material of the Solar Photosphere

114

(1)

Solar Photoionization Rates

114

(1)

Free--Free Absorption and Emission

115

(2)

Reflection from Metallic Mirrors

117

(1)

Visual Photometry

117

(4)

Radio Astronomy

121

(22)

Robert M. Hjellming

Introduction

121

(2)

Atmospheric Window and Sky Brightness

123

(2)

Radio Wave Propagation

125

(3)

Radio Telescopes and Arrays

128

(3)

Radio Emission and Absorption Processes

131

(9)

Radio Astronomy References

140

(3)

Infrared Astronomy

143

(26)

A. T. Tokunaga

Useful Equations; Units

143

(1)

Atmospheric Transmission

144

(2)

Background Emission

146

(2)

Detectors and Signal-to-Noise Ratios

148

(1)

Photometry (λ < 30 μm)

149

(5)

Photometry (λ > 30 μm)

154

(1)

Infrared Line List

155

(3)

Dust

158

(3)

Solar System

161

(2)

Stars

163

(1)

Extragalactic Objects

164

(5)

Ultraviolet Astronomy

169

(14)

Terry J. Teays

Ultraviolet Wavelengths

169

(1)

Ultraviolet Astronomy Satellite Missions

170

(2)

Significant Atlases and Catalogs

172

(2)

Interstellar Extinction in the Ultraviolet

174

(1)

Commonly Observed Ultraviolet Emission Lines

175

(3)

Ultraviolet Spectral Classification

178

(2)

Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Standards

180

(3)

X-Ray Astronomy

183

(24)

Frederick D. Seward

Useful Conversions

183

(1)

Characteristic X-Ray Transitions

184

(1)

Emission Mechanisms and Spectra

184

(10)

Transmission of X-Rays Through the Interstellar Medium

194

(4)

Cosmic X-Ray Sources

198

(5)

Diffuse Background

203

(2)

X-Ray Astronomy Missions

205

(2)

γ-Ray and Neutrino Astronomy

207

(32)

R. E. Lingenfelter

R. E. Rothschild

Continuum Emission Processes

207

(1)

Line Emission Processes

208

(5)

Scattering and Absorption Processes

213

(3)

Astrophysical γ-Ray Observations

216

(19)

Neutrinos in Astrophysics

235

(2)

Current Neutrino Observatories

237

(2)

Earth

239

(54)

Gerald Schubert

Richard L. Walterscheid

Oblate Ellipsoidal Reference Figure

240

(1)

Mass and Moments of Inertia

240

(1)

Gravitational Potential and Relation to Products of Inertia

241

(2)

Topography

243

(1)

Rotation (Spin) and Revolution About the Sun

244

(1)

Gravity

245

(1)

Geoid

245

(1)

Coordinates

246

(1)

Solid Body Tides

246

(2)

Geological Time Scale

248

(3)

Glaciations

251

(1)

Plate Tectonics

252

(1)

Earth Crust

252

(3)

Earth Interior

255

(2)

Earth Atmosphere, Dry Air at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

257

(1)

Composition of the Atmosphere

258

(1)

Water Vapor

259

(1)

Homogeneous Atmosphere, Scale Heights and Gradients

259

(1)

Regions of Earth's Atmosphere and Distribution with Height

260

(2)

Atmospheric Refraction and Air Path

262

(3)

Atmospheric Scattering and Continuum Absorption

265

(3)

Absorption by Atmospheric Gases at Visible and Infrared Wavelengths

268

(2)

Thermal Emission by the Atmosphere

270

(1)

Ionosphere

271

(8)

Night Sky and Aurora

279

(3)

Geomagnetism

282

(3)

Meteorites and Craters

285

(8)

Planets and Satellites

293

(22)

David J. Tholen

Victor G. Tejfel

Arthur N. Cox

Planetary System

293

(1)

Orbits and Physical Characteristics of Planets

294

(4)

Photometry of Planets and Asteroids

298

(2)

Physical Conditions on Planets

300

(2)

Names, Designations, and Discoveries of Satellites

302

(1)

Satellite Orbits and Physical Elements

303

(5)

Moon

308

(3)

Planetary Rings

311

(4)

Solar System Small Bodies

315

(24)

Richard P. Binzel

Martha S. Hanner

Duncan I. Steel

Asteroids or Minor Planets

315

(6)

Comets

321

(7)

Zodiacal Light

328

(3)

Infrared Zodiacal Emission

331

(2)

Meteoroids and Interplanetary Dust

333

(6)

Sun

339

(42)

William C. Livingston

Basic Data

340

(1)

Interior Model

341

(1)

Solar Oscillations

342

(6)

Photospheric--Chromospheric Model

348

(3)

Spectral Lines

351

(2)

Spectral Distribution

353

(2)

Limb Darkening

355

(2)

Corona

357

(5)

Solar Rotation

362

(2)

Granulation

364

(1)

Surface Magnetism and its Tracers

364

(3)

Sunspots

367

(3)

Sunspot Statistics

370

(3)

Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections

373

(2)

Solar Radio Emission

375

(6)

Normal Stars

381

(16)

John S. Drilling

Arlo U. Landolt

Stellar Quantities and Interrelations

381

(2)

Spectral Classification

383

(2)

Photometric Systems

385

(8)

Stellar Atmospheres

393

(2)

Stellar Structure

395

(2)

Stars with Special Characteristics

397

(32)

J. Donald Fernie

Variable Stars

398

(1)

Cepheid and Cepheid-Like Variables

399

(1)

Variable White Dwarf Tables

400

(6)

Long-Period Variables

406

(1)

Other Variables

406

(1)

Rotating Variables

407

(1)

T Tauri Stars

408

(1)

Flare Stars

409

(1)

Wolf--Rayet and Luminous Blue Variable Stars

410

(3)

Be Stars

413

(2)

Characteristics of Carbon-Rich Stars

415

(1)

Barium, CH, and Subgiant CH Stars

416

(1)

Hydrogen-Deficient Carbon Stars

417

(1)

Blue Stragglers

418

(1)

Peculiar A and Magnetic Stars

419

(1)

Pulsars

420

(2)

Galactic Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Binaries

422

(2)

Double Stars

424

(5)

Cataclysmic and Symbiotic Variables

429

(22)

W.M. Sparks

S.G. Starrfield

E.M. Sion

S.N. Shore

G. Chanmugam

R.F. Webbink

Types of Cataclysmic Variables

429

(18)

Types of Symbiotic Variables

447

(4)

Supernovae

451

(20)

J. Craig Wheeler

Stefano Benetti

Spectral Types

451

(1)

Older Population, Type Ia Supernovae

452

(2)

Young Population Supernovae

454

(6)

SN 1987A

460

(3)

Characteristic Spectral Lines

463

(3)

Radio Supernovae

466

(1)

Polarization

466

(1)

Supernova Rates

467

(1)

Old Supernovae, Historical Supernovae, and Supernova Remnants

468

(1)

Radioactive Decay

468

(3)

Star Populations and the Solar Neighborhood

471

(28)

Gerard F. Gilmore

Michael Zeilik

The Nearby Stars

471

(4)

The Brightest Stars

475

(3)

Stellar Populations

478

(2)

Star Counts at High Latitudes

480

(1)

Vertical Stellar Density Profile

481

(4)

Main Sequence Field Stellar Luminosity Function

485

(1)

White Dwarf Luminosity Function

485

(1)

Luminosity Class Distribution for Nearby Field Stars

486

(1)

Mass Density in the Solar Neighborhood

487

(1)

Stellar Mass Function

488

(5)

Solar Motion and Kinematics of Nearby Stars

493

(6)

Theoretical Stellar Evolution

499

(24)

Arthur N. Cox

Stephen A. Becker

W. Dean Pesnell

Basic Equations of Stellar Structure

500

(2)

Stellar Nuclear Energy Generation

502

(1)

Equations of State

503

(2)

Stellar Opacities

505

(1)

Electron Conduction

506

(1)

Element Diffusion

506

(1)

Mixing in Stars

506

(1)

Star Formation

507

(1)

Pre-Main-Sequence Evolution

508

(1)

Main-Sequence Population I Stars

509

(1)

Main-Sequence Population II Stars

509

(1)

Stellar Winds

509

(2)

Stellar Evolution Tracks: Massive and Intermediate-Mass Stars

511

(3)

Evolution to Red Giant Branch

514

(1)

Horizontal Branch Evolution

514

(1)

Red Giant Mass-Loss Rates

515

(3)

Asymptotic Giant Branch Evolution

518

(1)

White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars

518

(1)

Binary Star Evolution

519

(1)

Theory Versus Observation in the HR Diagram

520

(3)

Circumstellar and Interstellar Material

523

(22)

John S. Mathis

Overview of the Interstellar Medium

523

(4)

Galactic Interstellar Extinction

527

(2)

Abundances in Interstellar Gas

529

(1)

Line Emissions from the ISM

530

(2)

H2 and Molecular Clouds

532

(2)

Neutral Gas; Clouds; Depletions

534

(2)

H II Regions, Ionized Gas, and the Galactic Halo

536

(2)

Planetary Nebulae (PNe)

538

(2)

Supernova Remnants

540

(1)

Cosmic Rays (Excluding Photons and Neutrinos)

541

(4)

Star Clusters

545

(24)

Hugh C. Harris

William E. Harris

Open Clusters

545

(9)

Globular Clusters in the Milky Way

554

(8)

Globular Clusters in Other Galaxies

562

(7)

Milky Way and Galaxies

569

(16)

Virginia Trimble

Milky Way Galaxy

569

(7)

Normal Galaxies

576

(9)

Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei

585

(28)

Belinda J. Wilkes

Introduction

585

(1)

The Types of Active Galactic Nuclei

586

(5)

Catalogs and Surveys

591

(2)

Commonly Measured Parameters

593

(2)

Emission Lines

595

(6)

Absorption Lines

601

(1)

Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs)

602

(3)

Luminosity Functions and the Space Distribution of Quasars

605

(2)

BL Lacs, HPQs, and OVVs

607

(1)

Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (LLAGN)

608

(1)

AGN Environments

608

(5)

Clusters and Groups of Galaxies

613

(30)

Neta A. Bahcall

Typical Properties of Clusters and Groups of Galaxies

614

(1)

Cluster Catalogs

615

(2)

Catalog of Nearby Rich Clusters of Galaxies

617

(3)

Cluster Properties

620

(5)

Cluster Classification

625

(2)

cD Galaxies

627

(1)

Luminosity Function of Galaxies in Clusters

627

(1)

Mass Function of Clusters

628

(2)

X-Ray Emission from Clusters

630

(2)

The Sunyaev--Zeldovich Effect in Clusters

632

(1)

Clusters and Large--Scale Structure

633

(4)

Groups of Galaxies

637

(2)

Quasar--Cluster Association

639

(1)

Clusters as Gravitational Lenses

640

(1)

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Allen's Astrophysical Quantities

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials