Antiplatelet Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease

This important new book:

• Begins with a concise but thorough discussion of platelet biology and pathophysiology so that readers understand how these therapies work and why they can also produce such a varied range of complications, from minor gastrointestinal upset, to potentially life-threatening conditions such as neutropenia, a critical shortage of white blood cells.
• Thoroughly covers platelet function testing, including new, novel techniques.
• Clarifies current best-practices regarding the use of antiplatelet agents in both chronic and acute cardiovascular disease
• Reviews of all types of antiplatelet agents – from aspirin to recently approved drugs – including indications, clinical outcomes, and side effects/complications

Written by an international who's-who of experts in the field, Antiplatelet Therapy also includes an entire section covering the use of antiplatelet drugs in PCIs, including percutaneous valve repair, which makes this text particularly essential to Interventional Cardiologists.

Ron Waksman, MD, FACC, is Associate Director, Division of Cardiology and Director of Experimental Angioplasty & New Technologies, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC. Dr. Waksman is currently the Editor-in-Chief of Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine and sits on the editorial boards of six other internationally published journals. He has been Editor/Co-Editor of six books since 1996 and has authored 22 additional book chapters. Dr. Waksman has also authored/co-authored over 250 published manuscripts and over 200 abstracts. He is also a Clinical Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) at Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

List of Contributors, viii

Foreword, xix

Preface, xxi

Section I: Platelet biology and pathophysiology

1 Platelet Pathophysiology and its Role in Thrombosis, 3
Paul A. Gurbel and Udaya S. Tantry

2 Platelet Receptors and Drug Targets: COX-1, 8
Thomas Hohlfeld and Karsten Schror

3 Platelet Receptors and Drug Targets: P2Y12, 14
Marco Cattaneo

4 Platelet Receptors and Drug Targets: GP IIb/IIIa, 21
Eliano Pio Navarese and Jacek Kubica

5 Platelet Receptors and Drug Targets: PAR1, Collagen, vWF, Thromboxane, and Other Novel Targets, 29
Ping Zhang, Lidija Covic, and Athan Kuliopulos

6 Role of Inflammation and Hypercoagulability in Thrombosis, 45
Paul A. Gurbel, Nachiket Apte, and Udaya S. Tantry

Section II: Platelet function tests

7 Light Transmission Aggregometry, 53
Paul A. Gurbel, Martin Gesheff, Kevin P. Bliden, and Udaya S. Tantry

8 Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein (VASP) Assay, 58
Marc Laine, Franck Paganelli, and Laurent Bonello

9 VerifyNow P2Y12 and Plateletworks Assays, 65
Matthew J. Price, Nicoline J. Breet, and Jurriën M. ten Berg

10 Multiplate Analyzer, 82
Martin Orban and Dirk Sibbing

11 Shear Stress-Based Platelet Function Tests, 92
Nicoline J. Breet and Jurriën M. ten Berg

12 Thrombelastography and Other Novel Techniques, 102
Udaya S. Tantry, Vijay A. Doraiswamy, Glenn Stokken, Marvin J. Slepian, and Paul A. Gurbel

Section III: Antiplatelet pharmacology

13 Aspirin, 111
Karsten Schrör and Thomas Hohlfeld

14 Cilostazol, 117
Seung-Whan Lee, Duk-Woo Park, and Seung-Jung Park

15 Abciximab, 125
J. Emilio Exaire and Jorge F. Saucedo

16 Tirofiban, 131
Marco Valgimigli, Arnoud W.J. van't Hof, and Christian Hamm

17 Eptifibatide, 142
Nevin C. Baker and Ron Waksman

18 Ticlopidine, 150
Fabiana Rollini, Francesco Franchi, Ana Muñiz-Lozano, and Dominick J. Angiolillo

19 Clopidogrel, 160
Andrzej Budaj

20 Prasugrel, 166
Christoph Varenhorst, Anna Oskarsson, and Stefan James

21 Elinogrel, 173
Matthew J. Chung and Sunil V. Rao

22 Cangrelor, 180
Francesco Franchi, Fabiana Rollini, Ana Muñiz-Lozano, and Dominick J. Angiolillo

23 Ticagrelor, 193
Anna Oskarsson, Christoph Varenhorst, and Stefan James

24 Thrombin Receptor Antagonists, 198
Flavio de Souza Brito and Pierluigi Tricoci

Section IV: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Antiplatelet Therapy

25 Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Prior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 209
Fabio Mangiacapra, Annunziata Nusca, Rosetta Melfi, and Germano di Sciascio

26 Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation, 220
Joshua P. Loh and Ron Waksman

27 Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes, 229
Michael A. Gaglia, Jr. and Ray V. Matthews

28 Antiplatelet Therapy in Stable Coronary Artery Disease, 237
Ana Laynez and Ron Waksman

29 Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease, 245
Aung Myat, Yousif Ahmad, and Simon R. Redwood

30 Bleeding Risk and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Treated with Antiplatelets, 253
Sa'ar Minha and Ron Waksman

31 Bleeding Definitions, 259
Sameer Bansilal, Deborah E. Aronson, and Roxana Mehran

Section V: Antiplatelet Responsiveness

32 Personalizing Antiplatelet Therapy, 269
Paul A. Gurbel, Young-Hoon Jeong, and Udaya S. Tantry

33 Aspirin Resistance, 277
Muthiah Vaduganathan and Eli I. Lev

34 Clopidogrel Resistance, 285
Udaya S. Tantry, Kevin P. Bliden, Talha Meeran, and Paul A. Gurbel

35 Genetics of Clopidogrel Poor Response, 293
Pierre Fontana and Jean-Luc Reny

36 Proton Pump Inhibitors and Clopidogrel, 300
Michael A. Gaglia, Jr

37 Other Drug Interactions with Clopidogrel, 306
Eric R. Bates

Index, 314

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