Health and Welfare for Families in the 21st Century

, by Wallace, Helen M.; Wallace, Helen M.; Green, Gordon, M.D.; Jaros, Kenneth J., Ph.D.

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ISBN: 9780763708672 | 0763708674
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/1/1999

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Summary

Supplemental Materials

Analyzes the effect of changes occurring today in the social, educational, political, and economical aspects of family health care. For educators in graduate medical and nursing schools. Softcover.

Preface

xix

(2)

PHILIP LEE

Preface

xxi

(2)

AUDREY H. NORA

Foreword

xxiii

HELEN M. WALLACE

GORDON GREEN

KENNETH J. JAROS

MARY STORY

LISA L. PAINE

I Foundations

(112)

1. The American Family: Changes and Challenges for the 21st Century

(10)

SANDRA L. HOFFERTH

Demographic Changes

(2)

Policy Challenges

(4)

Conclusion

(3)

2. Health Care and Health Care Policy in a Changing World

(18)

PHILIP R. LEE

A.E. BENJAMIN

DONALD A. BARR

The American Character

(1)

Federalism and the Role of Government in Health Care

(2)

Pluralism and the Role of Special Interests

(2)

Incrementalism as the Principal Means of Health Policy Reform

(2)

Historical Development of American Health Policy

(10)

3. Healthy American Families in a Postmodern Society: An Ecological Perspective

(22)

JOAN M. PATTERSON

Children and Families are Part of An Ecosystem

(2)

The Functions of Families

(2)

What is a Family?

(1)

Variations in Family Structure and Functioning

(5)

Family System Health

(4)

Primary Systemic Issues Shaping Family Functioning Patterns

(2)

The Role of Policymakers and Professionals in Facilitating Family Health

(3)

Conclusion

(2)

4. The Family and Health in the 21st Century

(10)

CLAUDE EARL FOX

Health Status of Children, Youth, and Families

(1)

Progress Through Public Health Interventions

(4)

Health Goals for the Year 2010

(3)

5. The Health and Welfare Policy Process: The Case of the 1996 Welfare Reforms

(16)

EUGENE DECLERCO

The Policy Process in the United States

(4)

Making Health and Welfare Policy in the United States: The Policy Cycle

(3)

Welfare Reform and the Policy Cycle

(4)

Implications for the Future

(4)

6. The Children's Health Care Safety Net: A Changing Environment

(22)

LYNN SQUIRE

RALPH MARTINI

Safety Net Programs

(14)

Emerging Safety Net Provider Scenarios

(2)

Beyond Managed Care

(1)

Conclusion

(3)

7. Evaluation, Performance Monitoring, and Health Status Surveillance

101

(12)

DONNA J. PETERSEN

GREG R. ALEXANDER

Evaluation

102

(1)

Performance Monitoring

103

(1)

Evaluation of Systems

104

(3)

Health Status Surveillance

107

(2)

Case Examples

109

(2)

Conclusion

111

(2)

II Social Welfare

113

(106)

8. Children and Welfare Reform: What are the Effects of this Landmark Policy Change?

115

(20)

JULIE HUDMAN

BARBARA STARFIELD

Why Be Concerned with Children's Health?

117

(2)

Programs Important to Children's Health

119

(3)

Impact of Welfare Reform Eligibility for Children's Health Programs

122

(5)

Impact of Welfare Reform on Enrollment In and Use of Children's Health Programs

127

(3)

The Future for Children's Health

130

(5)

9. Combating Family Poverty: A Review of the American Welfare System

135

(18)

SANDRA WEXLER

VALIRE CARR COPELAND

Assistance for Poor Families Before 1935

136

(3)

The 1935 Social Security Act-The Creation of the Welfare System

139

(3)

The War on Poverty and the Beginning of the Welfare "Problem"

142

(3)

The Reagan Years and the Family Support Act of 1988

145

(3)

The 1990s and the End of the Welfare Entitlement

148

(1)

Conclusion

149

(4)

10. Potential Effects of the 1996 Welfare Reform Legislation on the Economic Status, Health, and Well-being of Low-income Families

153

(14)

MARY ELIZABETH COLLINS

LENA LUNDGREN-GRAVERAS

Welfare to Work

154

(3)

Effects on Economic Status of Families

157

(6)

Conclusion

163

(4)

11. Child Care

167

(22)

ROBERT C. FELLMETH

Demand for Child Care in the 21st Century

168

(11)

Child Care Changes as the 20th Century Ends

179

(3)

A Vision for Child Care in the New Millennium

182

(7)

12. Child Abuse and Neglect

189

(8)

PATTI R. ROSQUIST

RICHARD D. KRUGMAN

Incidence and Prevalence

190

(1)

Historical Perspective

191

(1)

Etiology

192

(1)

Prevention and Intervention Strategies

193

(2)

Conclusion

195

(2)

13. Health Care Issues of Children in Placement: The Example of Foster Care

197

(8)

MARY CARRASCO

Poor Health Status of Children in Placement

198

(1)

Reasons for Poor Health Status

199

(1)

Limitations of Present System for Health Assessments

200

(1)

Lack of Coordination

201

(2)

Strategies for System Improvement: The Potential of Case Management

203

(2)

14. Homeless Women and Their Children

205

(14)

PETER SHERMAN

IRWIN REDLENER

Numbers of Homeless

206

(1)

Causes of Homelessness

207

(2)

Factors Putting Families at Risk for Homelessness

209

(3)

Impact of Homelessness on Children's Health and Development

212

(2)

Long-Term Outcome of Homelessness on Women and Children

214

(1)

The Impact of Welfare Reform on Homeless Families

215

(4)

III Health Expenditures and Insurance

219

(126)

15. Overview of Health Insurance for Children and Youth

221

(18)

HELEN M. WALLACE

The Politics of Children's Health

222

(1)

The Consequences of Lack of Insurance for Children and Youth

222

(1)

Profile of Uninsured Children in the United States

223

(4)

Source of Health Insurance for Children Younger Than Age 18

227

(1)

Recent Events in Children's Health Insurance

228

(2)

Appendix: AMCHP Summary

230

(9)

16. Title XXI-The State Children's Health Insurance Program: What the New Authority Means for States

239

(12)

SHELLY GEHSHAN

The Problem of Uninsured Children

240

(2)

Options for Children's Health Coverage Under Title XXI

242

(2)

Current State Activities

244

(5)

Conclusion

249

(2)

17. A View from the Field: Lessons Learned From More Than Twelve Years of Providing Health Care Coverage for Uninsured Children

251

(18)

CHARLES P. LAVALLEE

KEVIN D. SUNDERMAN

Western Pennsylvania Caring Foundation for Children

252

(7)

Expanding the Model

259

(4)

Impact of the Programs

263

(2)

Title XXI: Another Dream Come True

265

(1)

Means to an End

265

(4)

18. Managed Care and Children

269

(12)

DANA HUGHES

What is Managed Care?

270

(1)

Managed Care and Health Care Delivery for Children

271

(2)

Challenges and Opportunities

273

(1)

Managed Care, Access, Quality, and Costs

274

(1)

Managed Care for Low-Income Children

275

(2)

Why We Don't Know More

277

(1)

Summary and Recommendations

278

(3)

19. The Supplemental Security Income Program for Children

281

(18)

JOHN REISS

HELEN M. WALLACE

MERLE MCPHERSON

Program Background

282

(2)

Program Description

284

(6)

Impact of Welfare Reform on Children with Special Needs

290

(6)

Summary

296

(3)

20. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (Kassebaum-Kennedy Act): Preliminary Phase

299

(6)

HELEN M. WALLACE

Purpose of Act

300

(1)

Description of the Legislation

300

(2)

Special Coverage Rules for Dependents

302

(1)

Health Insurance Reform

302

(1)

Synopsis of the Health Insurance Reform Act (S 10280)

303

(1)

Potential Significance of the New Legislation

304

(1)

Children's Continuity of Coverage Under the Kassebaum-Kennedy Bill

304

(1)

21. National Health Expenditures

305

(20)

KATHARINE R. LEVIT

HELEN C. LAZENBY

BRADLEY R. BRADEN

CATHY A. COWAN

PATRICIA A. MCDONNELL

LEKHA SIVARAJAN

JEAN M. STILLER

DARLEEN K. WON

CAROLYN S. DONHAM

ANNA M. LONG

MADIE W. STEWART

General Trends in National Health Expenditures

306

(3)

Personal Health Care Expenditures Category

309

(8)

Managed Care

317

(2)

Covered Services

319

(1)

Medicare

320

(1)

Medicaid

321

(1)

Conclusion

322

(3)

22. Quality Health Insurance for All Our Children

325

(20)

DONALD SCHIFF

Issues of Child Health Care

326

(4)

Current Insurance Coverage

330

(2)

State Children's Health Insurance Program

332

(4)

A Plan for the Future--"Pediacare"

336

(5)

Appendix: American Academy of Pediatrics

341

(4)

IV Health Issues and Policy Implications

345

(110)

23. Maternal and Infant Health in the United States: Implications for Women's Health

347

(28)

LOIS MCCLOSKEY

PAUL H. WISE

Changing Demographics

348

(2)

Changing Policy Environment

350

(2)

Key Indicators of Maternal and Infant Health: Implications for Prevention

352

(8)

Indicators of Maternal Health and Women's Health

360

(2)

Key Issues in Health Services and Health Policy for Mothers and Infants

362

(4)

Policy Impact and Future Directions

366

(5)

On the Horizon: Women's Health as a Family Imperative

371

(4)

24. Infant Mortality in Japan and the United States

375

(24)

MICHELE KIELY

MUNEHIRO HIRAYAMA

HELEN M. WALLACE

WOODIE KESSEL

YASUHIDE NAKAMURA

JOHN L. KIELY

AUDREY H. NORA

International Trends in Infant Mortality

377

(1)

Comparison of Infant Mortality in Japan and the United States

377

(6)

Comparison of Factors Contributing to Infant Mortality

383

(12)

Inferences Associated with Japan's Low Infant Mortality Rate

395

(1)

Implications for Other Countries, Including the United States

396

(3)

25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the United States

399

(10)

ROBERT E. FULLILOVE

STDs: The Hidden Epidemic

400

(1)

Factors Driving STD Infection in the United States

401

(2)

Control Strategies for the Management of STDs

403

(2)

Prevention Programs

405

(1)

Conclusion

406

(3)

26. AIDS in the United States: The Changing Epidemic

409

(10)

ROBERT E. FULLILOVE

Demographics

410

(1)

Changing Trends

411

(2)

Treatment Issues

413

(3)

Conclusion

416

(3)

27. Nutrition Issues for Mothers, Children, Youth, and Families

419

(22)

MARY STORY

LISA HARNACK

Priority Nutrition Concerns

421

(13)

Food Assistance Programs

434

(3)

Improving Nutrition for the 21st Century

437

(4)

28. Oral Health in Maternal and Child Health

441

(14)

PAUL S. CASAMASSIMO

Reduction of Oral Diseases

442

(3)

Access to Care

445

(3)

Public Health Measures

448

(2)

Infrastructure for Oral Health

450

(1)

Integration of Oral Health into General Health

450

(5)

V Programs and Initiatives

455

(148)

29. The Future of Prevention

457

(10)

JAMES S. MARKS

LYNNE S. WILCOX

The Nature of Prevention

458

(2)

Specific Prevention Opportunities

460

(3)

Changes to Prevention

463

(1)

Conclusion

464

(3)

30. The Healthy Start Initiative

467

(16)

THURMA MCCANN GOLDMAN

DAVID S. DE LA CRUZ

Overview of Coalitions

468

(1)

The Healthy Start Initiative

469

(4)

Healthy Start Community Case Examples

473

(7)

Conclusions and Recommendations

480

(3)

31. Head Start

483

(12)

ANNE COHN DONNELLY

FREDERICK C. GREEN

The History and Intent of Head Start

484

(2)

Innovations in Head Start

486

(1)

Early Head Start: Promise for the Future

487

(1)

Variation Across Head Start Programs: A Question of Quality

488

(1)

What Head Start Has Accomplished

488

(3)

Head Start's Future: Welfare Reform and Beyond

491

(2)

Conclusion

493

(2)

32. Childhood Immunizations

495

(16)

LANCE RODEWALD

JOEL KURITSKY

Importance of Childhood Immunization

496

(2)

What Prevents Timely Vaccination of Preschool Children

498

(2)

Programmatic Strategies to Address Vaccination Barriers

500

(3)

Challenges for the Immunization Delivery System

503

(3)

Vision of the Future Immunization Delivery System

506

(5)

33. Adolescent Health and Welfare Reform

511

(14)

JENNIFER C. MAEHR

MARIANNE E. FELICE

Welfare Reform and Teen Parenting

513

(1)

Welfare Reform and Statutory Rape

514

(1)

Welfare Reform and Abstinence Promotion

515

(2)

Adolescent Health Care and Insurance Coverage

517

(3)

Recommendations

520

(5)

34. The Progress and Potential of Injury Prevention

525

(22)

G. ALLEN BOLTON

MARTHA STOWE

PAUL J. BOUMBULIAN

Rates and Types of Injuries in the United States

527

(3)

History of Injury Prevention

530

(4)

Future of Injury Prevention

534

(13)

35. Emergency Medical Services for Children

547

(14)

JEAN L. ATHEY

History of Emergency Medical Services Systems

548

(1)

Why Children Need Special Attention

549

(2)

The EMSC Continuum of Care

551

(2)

Factors Affecting Children's Emergency Medical Services

553

(4)

A Vision for the Future

557

(4)

36. Immigration and Health

561

(8)

MARY LOU VALDEZ

Immigration in the United States

562

(1)

Impact of Welfare and Immigration Reform

563

(1)

Public Health Issues

564

(2)

Maternal and Child Health Issues

566

(3)

37. Ensuring Substance Abuse Services for Families

569

(8)

ELLEN HUTCHINS

Adolescent Substance Use

570

(1)

Prevalence of Substance Use Among Women, Including Pregnant Women

571

(1)

Research Findings

571

(1)

Treatment Services

572

(1)

State's Responses to the Problem

573

(1)

Screening Issues

574

(1)

Welfare Reform

574

(1)

Summary

575

(2)

38. Social Policy Reform and America's Cities: Risk and Opportunity for Material and Child Health

577

(16)

MAGDA G. PECK

The Urban Convergence of Maternal and Child Health Risks

578

(2)

Factors Intensifying the Urban Impact of Social Reforms

580

(3)

Recent Health and Welfare Reforms: An Urban Perspective

583

(4)

Finding Opportunity: Recommended Strategies for Safeguarding Cities Health

587

(6)

39. Maternal and Child Health at Critical Crossroads

593

(10)

KAREN VANLANDEGHEM

CATHERINE A. HESS

Looking Forward, Looking Back: An Historical Context for the Changing Role of Title V Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant Programs

595

(2)

Shifting the Medicaid Population Into Managed Care and the Role of Public Health: The Case of Vermont

597

(2)

Florida's Children's Medical Services Program and Its Evolving Role in Serving Children with Special Health Care Needs

599

(1)

Delaware's Diamond State Health Plan

600

(3)

VI Summing Up

603

40. Steps for the Future

605

VINCE HUTCHINS

30-Year Cycles and Social Security

606

(3)

End of the 20th Century and Beyond

609

(6)

Looking Forward

615

Appendix

Appendix A: Ten Essential Public Health Services to Promote Maternal and Child Health in America (AMCHP)

A-2

Appendix B: Web Resources for Health and Welfare for Families

A-4

Glossary

G-1

Index

1-1

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Health and Welfare for Families in the 21st Century

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials