Digital Radio System Design

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ISBN: 9780470847091 | 0470847093
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/19/2010

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With a strong focus on design, Digital Radio System Design provides the necessary background to design and develop subsystems of digital radio communication systems or to integrate a full transceiver for a variety of applications. Such subsystems can be the radio front-end section, the radio-baseband interface, the digital baseband transceiver or even smaller subsystems like the image rejection mixer in the front-end, the synthesized local oscillator, or the digital synchronization system. The systematic synthesis of recent achievements in electronics and communications are described, aimed at the design of complex systems which require expertise in more than one area such as radio frequency electronics, communication theory and digital signal processing. It brings together the disciplines of communications, RF microelectronics and digital processing to enable the system designer to design in detail a full digital radio system from the antenna to the end-user interface. Comprehensively written, this book provides numerous examples, references, tables, illustrations and problems with solutions to facilitate the readers' understanding.Key Features: One of the first books to provide a balanced treatment of transceivers as complete systems Brings together the disciplines of communications, RF microelectronics and digital processing enabling system designers to design a full digital radio system Strong emphasis on design, supported by examples and problems with solutions Provides numerous of tables and illustrations

Preface	p. xiii
Radio Communications: System Concepts, Propagation and Noise	p. 1
Digital Radio Systems and Wireless Applications	p. 2
Cellular Radio Systems	p. 2
Short- and Medium-range Wireless Systems	p. 3
Broadband Wireless Access	p. 6
Satellite Communications	p. 6
Physical Layer of Digital Radio Systems	p. 7
Radio Platform	p. 7
Baseband Platform	p. 9
Implementation Challenges	p. 10
Linear Systems and Random Processes	p. 11
Linear Systems and Expansion of Signals in Orthogonal Basis Functions	p. 11
Random Processes	p. 12
White Gaussian Noise and Equivalent Noise Bandwidth	p. 15
Deterministic and Random Signals of Bandpass Nature	p. 16
Radio Channel Characterization	p. 19
Large-scale Path Loss	p. 19
Shadow Fading	p. 22
Multipath Fading in Wideband Radio Channels	p. 22
Nonlinearity and Noise in Radio Frequency Circuits and Systems	p. 32
Nonlinearity	p. 32
Noise	p. 38
Sensitivity and Dynamic Range in Radio Receivers	p. 44
Sensitivity and Dynamic Range	p. 44
Link Budget and its Effect on the Receiver Design	p. 44
Phase-locked Loops	p. 46
Introduction	p. 46
Basic Operation of Linear Phase-locked Loops	p. 46
The Loop Filter	p. 48
Equations and Dynamic Behaviour of the Linearized PLL	p. 50
Stability of Phase-locked Loops	p. 53
Phase Detectors	p. 55
PLL Performance in the Presence of Noise	p. 59
Applications of Phase-locked Loops	p. 60
References	p. 62
Digital Communication Principles	p. 65
Digital Transmission in AWGN Channels	p. 65
Demodulation by Correlation	p. 65
Demodulation by Matched Filtering	p. 67
The Optimum Detector in the Maximum Likelihood Sense	p. 69
Techniques for Calculation of Average Probabilities of Error	p. 72
M-ary Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)	p. 73
Bandpass Signalling	p. 75
M-ary Phase Modulation	p. 82
Offset QPSK	p. 89
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation	p. 90
Coherent Detection for Nonideal Carrier Synchronization	p. 93
M-ary Frequency Shift Keying	p. 96
Continuous Phase FSK	p. 98
Minimum Shift Keying	p. 103
Noncoherent Detection	p. 106
Differentially Coherent Detection (M-DPSK)	p. 107
Digital Transmission in Fading Channels	p. 112
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation	p. 112
M-PSK Modulation	p. 113
M-FSK Modulation	p. 113
Coherent Reception with Nonideal Carrier Synchronization	p. 114
Noncoherent M-FSK Detection	p. 116
Transmission Through Band-limited Channels	p. 117
Introduction	p. 117
Baseband Transmission Through Bandlimited Channels	p. 120
Bandlimited Signals for Zero ISI	p. 122
System Design in Band-limited Channels of Predetermined Frequency Response	p. 125
Equalization	p. 128
Introduction	p. 128
Sampled-time Channel Model with ISI and Whitening Filter	p. 131
Linear Equalizers	p. 134
Minimum Mean Square Error Equalizer	p. 136
Detection by Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation	p. 137
Decision Feedback Equalizer	p. 138
Practical Considerations	p. 139
Adaptive Equalization	p. 140
Coding Techniques for Reliable Communication	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
Benefits of Coded Systems	p. 143
Linear Block Codes	p. 143
Cyclic Codes	p. 145
Decoding and Probability of Error	p. 147
Introduction	p. 147
Convolutional Codes	p. 151
Maximum Likelihood Decoding	p. 154
The Viterbi Algorithm for Decoding	p. 156
Transfer Function for Convolutional Codes	p. 157
Error Performance in Convolutional Codes	p. 158
Turbo Codes	p. 159
Coded Modulation	p. 162
Coding and Error Correction in Fading Channels	p. 164
References	p. 168
RF Transceiver Design	p. 173
Useful and Harmful Signals at the Receiver Front-End	p. 173
Frequency Downconversion and Image Reject Subsystems	p. 175
Hartley Image Reject Receiver	p. 177
Weaver Image Reject Receiver	p. 180
The Heterodyne Receiver	p. 183
The Direct Conversion Receiver	p. 185
DC Offset	p. 186
I-Q Mismatch	p. 188
Even-Order Distortion	p. 189
1/f Noise	p. 189
Current Receiver Technology	p. 190
Image Reject Architectures	p. 190
The Direct Conversion Architecture	p. 206
Transmitter Architectures	p. 208
Information Modulation and Baseband Signal Conditioning	p. 209
Two-stage Up-conversion Transmitters	p. 210
Direct Upconversion Transmitters	p. 211
References	p. 211
Radio Frequency Circuits and Subsystems	p. 215
Role of RF Circuits	p. 216
Low-noise Amplifiers	p. 219
Main Design Parameters of Low-noise Amplifiers	p. 219
LNA Configurations and Design Trade-offs	p. 222
RF Receiver Mixers	p. 227
Design Considerations for RF Receiver Mixers	p. 227
Types of Mixers	p. 228
Noise Figure	p. 232
Linearity and Isolation	p. 235
Oscillators	p. 235
Basic Theory	p. 235
High-frequency Oscillators	p. 239
Signal Quality in Oscillators	p. 241
Frequency-Synthesizers	p. 243
Introduction	p. 243
Main Design Aspects of Frequency Synthesizers	p. 244
Synthesizer Architectures	p. 247
Critical Synthesizer Components and their Impact on the System Performance	p. 253
Phase Noise	p. 256
Downconverter Design in Radio Receivers	p. 258
Interfaces of the LNA and the Mixer	p. 258
Local Oscillator Frequency Band and Impact of Spurious Frequencies	p. 261
Matching at the Receiver Front-end	p. 261
RF Power Amplifiers	p. 263
General Concepts and System Aspects	p. 263
Power Amplifier Configurations	p. 264
Impedance Matching Techniques for Power Amplifiers	p. 271
Power Amplifier Subsystems for Linearization	p. 273
References	p. 273
Synchronization, Diversity and Advanced Transmission Techniques	p. 277
TFR Timing and Frequency Synchronization in Digital Receivers	p. 277
Introduction	p. 277
ML Estimation (for Feedback and Feed-forward) Synchronizers	p. 280
Feedback Frequency/Phase Estimation Algorithms	p. 282
Feed-forward Frequency/Phase Estimation Algorithms	p. 286
Feedback Timing Estimation Algorithms	p. 291
Feed-forward Timing Estimation Algorithms	p. 293
Diversity	p. 295
Diversity Techniques	p. 295
System Model	p. 296
Diversity in the Receiver	p. 297
Implementation Issues	p. 302
Transmitter Diversity	p. 304
OFDM Transmission	p. 306
Introduction	p. 306
Transceiver Model	p. 309
OFDM Distinct Characteristics	p. 312
OFDM Demodulation	p. 313
Windowing and Transmitted Signal	p. 314
Sensitivities and Shortcomings of OFDM	p. 315
Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems	p. 339
Spread Spectrum Systems	p. 342
Introduction and Basic Properties	p. 342
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Transmission and Reception	p. 348
Frequency Hopping SS Transmission and Reception	p. 350
Spread Spectrum for Multiple Access Applications	p. 352
Spreading Sequences for Single-user and Multiple Access DSSS	p. 358
Code Synchronization for Spread Spectrum Systems	p. 363
The RAKE Receiver	p. 365
References	p. 368
System Design Examples	p. 371
The DECT Receiver	p. 371
The DECT Standard and Technology	p. 371
Modulation and Detection Techniques for DECT	p. 372
A DECT Modem for a Direct Conversion Receiver Architecture	p. 375
QAM Receiver for 61 Mb/s Digital Microwave Radio Link	p. 394
System Description	p. 394
Transmitter Design	p. 396
Receiver Design	p. 397
Simulation Results	p. 403
Digital Modem Implementation	p. 406
OFDM Transceiver System Design	p. 416
Introduction	p. 416
Channel Estimation in Hiperlan/2	p. 418
Timing Recovery	p. 423
Frequency Offset Correction	p. 424
Implementation and Simulation	p. 435
References	p. 438
Index	p. 441
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Digital Radio System Design

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