Nation, Empire, Colony

Nation, Empire, Colony examines womenÕs situation within the workings of gender in the historical construction of nations, empires, and colonies. The contributors reveal the power relations of gender, class, race, and sexuality at the heart of the histories of imperialism, colonialism and nationalism that have shaped our modern world. The period covered in this volume is that of the grand era of European and later American imperialism, from the eighteenth century until after the Second World War. The international list of authors represent nations from Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand to Japan, from India and Pakistan to Canada, from the Caribbean to Nigeria, from South Africa to Britain, from Ireland to France, from Mexico to Austria. Topics include the (mis)representations of Native women by European colonizers, the violent displacement of women through imperialisms and nationalisms, and the relations between and among feminism, nationalism, imperialism, and colonialism. A number of the contributors employ an examination of historical processes to explain present political policies and cultural politics affecting women and determining race and gender relations in the contemporary world.

Ruth Roach Pierson, Professor of Women's History and Feminist Studies at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, is the author of "They're Still Women After All": The Second World War and Canadian Womanhood, Women and Peace: Theoretical, Historical, and Practical Perspectives, and co-editor of No Easy Road: Women in Canada 1920s to 1960s, and of Writing Women's History: International Perspectives.Nupur Chaudhuri, who teaches at Kansas State University, is the co-editor of Western Women and Imperialism: Complicity and Resistance, and co-editor of a special issue on "Gender, Race, Class, Sexuality: National and Global Perspectives" for the National Women's Studies Journal. She has written extensively on gender and imperialism and her articles have appeared in Journal of Women's History, Women's History Review, and Victorian Studies.

Acknowledgments

ix

Introduction

1

(20)

Ruth Roach Pierson

Maori Agriculturalists and Aboriginal Hunter-Gatherers: Women and Colonial Displacement in Nineteenth-Century Aotearoa/New Zealand and Southeastern Australia

21

(20)

Patricia Grimshaw

Enfranchising Women of Color: Woman Suffragists as Agents of Imperialism

41

(16)

Rosalyn Terborg-Penn

Gendered Colonialism: The ``Woman Question'' in Settler Society

57

(20)

Dolores E. Janiewski

Actions Louder than Words: The Historical Task of Defining Feminist Consciousness in Colonial West Africa

77

(17)

Cheryl Johnson-Odim

Frontier Feminism and the Marauding White Man: Australia, 1890s to 1940s

94

(12)

Marilyn Lake

The Porfiriato and the Mexican Revolution: Constructions of Feminism and Nationalism

106

(15)

Gabriela Cano

The Politics of Irish Identity and the Interconnections between Feminism, Nationhood, and Colonialism

121

(18)

Breda Gray

Louise Ryan

Coexisting and Conflicting Identities: Women and Nationalisms in Twentieth-Century Iran

139

(27)

Joanna de Groot

Orthodoxy, Cultural Nationalism, and Hindutva Violence: An Overview of the Gender Ideology of the Hindu Right

166

(16)

Tanika Sarkar

Surviving Absence: Jewishness and Femininity in Liberation France, 1944--45

182

(23)

Karen H. Adler

Men, Women, and the Community Borders: German-Nationalist and National Socialist Discourses on Gender, ``Race,'' and National Identity in Austria, 1918--1938

205

(15)

Johanna Gehmacher

Images of Sara Bartman: Sexuality, Race, and Gender in Early-Nineteenth-Century Britain

220

(17)

Yvette Abrahams

Sexual and Racial Discrimination: A Historical Inquiry into the Japanese Military's ``Comfort'' Women System of Enforced Prostitution

237

(14)

Sayoko Yoneda

Vacations in the ``Contact Zone'': Race, Gender, and the Traveler at Niagara Falls

251

(19)

Karen Dubinsky

Uprooted Women: Partition of Punjab 1947

270

(17)

Aparna Basu

Politics and the Writing of History

287

(16)

Himani Bannerji

Contributors

303

(4)

Index

307

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Nation, Empire, Colony

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials