HIV and AIDS in Africa Beyond Epidemiology

This work seeks to further our understanding of AIDS, using contributions from international experts from across the social sciences.

Ezekiel Kalipeni is Associate Professor of Geography and African Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Susan Craddock is Associate Professor in the Women’s Studies Department and in the Institute for Global Studies at the University of Minnesota.

Joseph R. Oppong is Associate Professor of Geography at the University of Northern Texas.

Jayati Ghosh is Associate Professor of International Business and Interdisciplinary Studies at the Dominican University of California.

About the Authors

viii

Acknowledgments

xvi

Introduction

1

(1)

Beyond Epidemiology: Locating AIDS in Africa

1

(10)

Susan Craddock

Part I History

11

(32)

Introduction to Part 1

13

(2)

AIDS, History, and Struggles over Meaning

15

(14)

Brooke Grundfest Schoepf

Politics, Culture, and Medicine: An Unholy Trinity? Historical Continuities and Ruptures in the HIV/AIDS Story in Malawi

29

(14)

John Lloyd Lwanda

Part II AIDS in Africa: Regional Perspectives

43

(40)

Introduction to Part II

45

(2)

Perceptions and Misperceptions of AIDS in Africa

47

(11)

Joseph R. Oppong

Ezekiel Kalipeni

Mapping the AIDS Pandemic in Eastern and Southern Africa: A Critical Overview

58

(12)

Ezekiel Kalipeni

Susan Craddock

Jayati Ghosh

HIV/AIDS in West Africa: The Case of Senegal, Ghana, and Nigeria

70

(13)

Joseph R. Oppong

Samuel Agyei-Mensah

Part III Beyond Epidemiology: Understanding the Issues in Social Terms

83

(6)

Introduction to Part III

85

(4)

A Gendered Vulnerabilities

89

(124)

Coercion, Constraints, and ``Cultural Entrapments'': A Further Look at Gendered and Occupational Factors Pertinent to the Transmission of HIV in Africa

89

(15)

Anne V. Akeroyd

Strategies for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of HIV/AIDS Among Adolescents: The Case of High School Students in Kenya

104

(17)

Njeri Mbugua

AIDS in Africa: Structure, Agency, and Risk

121

(12)

Brooke Grundfest Schoepf

B Sexualities

Culture, Sexuality, and Women's Agency in the Prevention of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa

133

(11)

Ida Susser

Zena Stein

Migrancy, Masculine Identities, and AIDS: The Psychosocial Context of HIV Transmission on the South African Gold Mines

144

(11)

Catherine Campbell

The Invisible Presence of Homosexuality: Implications for HIV/AIDS and Rights in Southern Africa

155

(12)

Oliver Phillips

C Poverty, Migration, War

Urbanization, Poverty, and Sex: Roots of Risky Sexual Behaviors in Slum Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

167

(8)

Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu

F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo

Alex Chika Ezeh

Mobile Populations and HIV/AIDS in East Africa

175

(16)

Maryinez Lyons

Understanding the African HIV Pandemic: An Appraisal of the Contexts and Lay Explanation of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic with Examples From Tanzania and Kenya

191

(13)

Gabriel Rugalema

Socioeconomic Obstracles to HIV Prevention and Treatment in Developing Countries: The Roles of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank

204

(9)

Peter Lurie

Percy C. Hintzen

Robert A. Lowe

Part IV Research Methods, Agendas, and Ethics

213

(40)

Introduction to Part IV

215

(2)

Participatory Diagraming and the Ethical and Practical Challenges of Helping Africans Themselves to Move HIV Work ``Beyond Epidemiology''

217

(12)

Mike Kesby

Community-Based Research on AIDS in the Context of Global Inequalities - Making a Virtue of Necessity?

229

(11)

Carolyn Baylies

AIDS and Ethics: Clinical Trials, Pharmaceuticals, and Global Scientific Practice

240

(13)

Susan Craddock

Part V Understanding the Repercussions/Impacts

253

(74)

Introduction to Part V

255

(4)

Excerpt from We Miss You All: AIDS in the Family

259

(20)

Noerine Kaleeba

Understanding AIDS in Public Lives

279

(12)

David Eaton

Economic Growth Rates in Africa: The Potential Impact of HIV/AIDS

291

(13)

Lynn R. Brown

Rising Tide of AIDS Orphans in Southern Africa

304

(12)

Jayati Ghosh

Ezekiel Kalipeni

Excerpt from Children of AIDS: Africa's Orphan Crisis: A Mother to her Brothers: A Child-headed Household's Story, Johannesburg, South Africa

316

(7)

Emma Guest

Concluding Remarks: Beyond Epidemiology

323

(4)

Joseph R. Oppong

Jayati Ghosh

Bibliography

327

(48)

Index

375

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HIV and AIDS in Africa Beyond Epidemiology

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials