Plant Animal Interactions An Evolutionary

Interactions between plants and animals are incredibly diverse and complex and span terrestrial, atmospheric and aquatic environments. The last decade has seen the emergence of a vast quantity of data on the subject and there is now a perceived need among both teachers and undergraduate students for a new textbook that incorporates the numerous recent advances made in the field. The book is intended for use by advanced level undergraduate and beginning graduate students, taking related courses in wider ecology degree programmes. Very few books cover this subject and those that do are out of date.

Carlos M. Herrera is an evolutionary ecologist who has worked mainly on plant-disperser and plant-pollinator interactions in Mediterranean habitats of the Iberian Peninsula. Most of his research centers on elucidating the relative significance of ecological, historical and evolutionary determinants in shaping current plant-animal interactions.

Olle Pellmyr is a revolutionary biologist whose research focuses on plant-animal interactions, with special emphasis on mutualism and co-evolution. Using phylogenetic and ecological approaches, he explores links between mircoevolutionary processes and microevolutionary patterns. A native of Sweden now residing in the USA, he has done field research in Europe, the Americas, Japan, Africa, and Melanesia.

Contributors

vii

Preface

viii

Acknowledgements

ix

Geochronological perspective

xii

Part 1 Introduction

Species interactions and the evolution of biodiversity

3

(23)

Peter W. Price

The history of associations between plants and animals

26

(51)

Conrad C. Labandeira

Part 2 Mostly Antagonisms

Plant-insect interactions in terrestrial ecosystems

77

(30)

Sharon Y. Strauss

Arthur R. Zangerl

Mammalian herbivory in terrestrial environments

107

(25)

Kjell Danell

Roger Bergstrom

Granivory

132

(25)

Philip E. Hulme

Craig W. Benkman

Part 3 Mostly Mutualisms

Pollination by animals

157

(28)

Olle Pellmyr

Seed dispersal by vertebrates

185

(26)

Carlos M. Herrera

Part 4 Synthesis

Ant-plant interactions

211

(25)

Andrew J. Beattie

Lesley Hughes

Plant-animal interactions: future directions

236

(12)

John N. Thompson

Appendix: Supplementary information for Chapter 2

248

(15)

References

263

(31)

Index

294

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Plant Animal Interactions An Evolutionary Approach

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials