World Politics in a New Era

A uniquely in-depth treatment of the field, World Politics in a New Era, Sixth Edition, features extensive historical coverage that ranges from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 to the present, offering students the best context to fully comprehend the modern political stage. It focuses on levels of analysis (systemic, domestic, and individual) in relation to major IR theories (realism, liberalism, and constructivism) and gives students the analytical tools to apply the theories to current issues. The authors integrate coverage of the competing threads of globalization and fragmentation throughout, examining how they tangle and weave through studies of global politics, economics, and culture.

FEATURES

"At a Glance" text boxes apply the theories and levels of analysis--individual, domestic, and systemic--to each chapter's theme

"What Would You Do?" boxes profile real-life events, asking students to play the role of a world leader/decision maker and propose a solution that takes into account the many complexities of world politics

"Spotlight" features in every chapter highlight interesting people, places, and situations; discuss important international events and colorful personalities in greater depth; or focus on specific facets of complex conflicts or theories


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Steven L. Spiegel is Professor of Political Science and Director of the Center for Middle East Development at UCLA.

Elizabeth G. Matthews is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at California State University, San Marcos.

Jennifer M. Taw is Associate Professor of Government in the International Relations Program at Claremont McKenna College.

Kristen P. Williams is Professor of Political Science at Clark University.

Each chapter ends with Discussion and Review Questions and Key Terms.
Maps
Special Features
Preface
PART 1. FOUNDATIONS OF WORLD POLITICS
CHAPTER 1. FOUNDATIONS OF WORLD POLITICS
CONFLICT AND COOPERATION
GLOBALIZATION VERSUS FRAGMENTATION
ANARCHY VERSUS ORDER
CONCLUSION
* WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Iran's Nuclear Test
Chapter 2. Theory and World Politics
CLIMATE CHANGE
LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
Systemic Level of Analysis
Domestic Level of Analysis
Individual Level of Analysis
Levels of Analysis: Analytical Tools
THEORETICAL PARADIGMS/WORLDVIEWS
Realism
Liberalism
Constructivism
Blurring the Lines
Other Theoretical Paradigms/Worldviews
SUMMARY AND PREVIEW
AT A GLANCE: The Prisoner's Dilemma Game
SPOTLIGHT: The Operational Code
* THEORY IN REVIEW: International Responses to Climate Change
* WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Giant Storms
CHAPTER 3. WORLD POLITICS AND ECONOMICS: 1648-1945
THIRTY YEARS' WAR AND THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE
Great Powers
Aftermath of War and Two Revolutions
AT A GLANCE: "World Wars" of the Eighteenth Century
NAPOLEONIC ERA AND ITS AFTERMATH
Concert of Europe
Unification of Italy and Germany
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND ITS AFTERMATH
British Economic Hegemony and Its Challenges
BISMARCKIAN SYSTEM AND THE EVE OF WAR
THE WORLD WARS
Causes of World War I and the Levels of Analysis
Consequences of World War I
Russian Revolution
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Russia and the Path to War
Versailles Settlement
A Weak League and the Road to Another War
SPOTLIGHT: The Munich Analogy
Economic Collapse and the Great Depression
Causes of World War II and the Levels of Analysis
Consequences of World War II
Uneasy Alliance
The Holocaust
Atomic Bomb
*THEORY IN REVIEW: Examples from 1648 to 1945
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 4. WORLD POLITICS AND ECONOMICS: THE COLD WAR
CAUSES OF THE OF THE COLD WAR AND THE LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
It Was Moscow's Fault (Domestic Level)
No, It Was Washington's Fault (Domestic Level)
Ideological Conflict (Domestic Level)
Leadership or the Lack Thereof (Individual Level)
One World Divided by Two Superpowers Equals Conflict (Systemic Level)
It Was All a Misunderstanding (Systemic Level)
POLITICAL, MILITARY, AND ECONOMIC CHANGE
Initial Confrontation: Iran
The Iron Curtain Descends and Conflict Intensifies
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Berlin Blockade
SPOTLIGHT: The Telegrams: Mr. X and Containment and the Novikov Telegram
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
Transformation of the World Economy
THE COLD WAR IN ASIA AND THE THIRD WORLD
NSC-68
Korea: The Turning Point
The Cold War in the Third World
TROUBLE SPOTS: BERLIN, CUBA, AND VIETNAM
Berlin Cuba
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Soviet Missiles in Cuba
Vietnam and Its Consequences
FROM D'TENTE TO DISCORD
The Opening of China, the Moscow Summit, and SALT
* AT A GLANCE: Major Arms Control Agreements of the Cold War
Tensions in Détente
The Invasion of Afghanistan
The Reagan Doctrine
END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
The Gorbachev Factor (Individual Level)
Failure of Communism (Domestic Level)
The End of the Evil Empire (Domestic Level)
The End of Bipolarity (Systemic Level)
CONCLUSION
* THEORY IN REVIEW: Examples from the Cold War
CHAPTER 5. IMPERIALISM AND ITS SURVIVORS
THE RISE AND FALL OF EMPIRES
The First Transoceanic Empires: Spain and Portugal
Spanish Colonial Administration
Portuguese Colonialism
Spanish-American Independence
Independence from Portugal
Dutch Empire
French Empire
British Empire
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? The Costs of Imperialism
SPOTLIGHT: The Mahatma
Two Great Continental Empires: Russia and the United States
The Russians
The Americans
Ottoman Empire
Too Little, Too Late: German and Japanese Empires
DECLINE OF IMPERIALISM
IMPACTS OF IMPERIALISM
* AT A GLANCE: Human Costs of Imperialism
NEW? * Social Impact of Colonialism
North America
The Caribbean
LATIN AMERICA
Africa
Asia
The Pacific
China and Japan
Economic Consequences of Colonialism
Latin America, Africa, and the Pacific
Asia
Economic Consequences: An Assessment
Cultural and Ideological Impact of Colonialism
Colonialism and Culture
Colonialism and Ideology
CONCLUSION
* THEORY IN REVIEW: Examples from Imperialism
CHAPTER 6. GLOBALIZATION AND FRAGMENTATION IN A NEW WORLD ORDER: 1991 TO THE PRESENT
GLOBALIZATION AND FRAGMENTATION
* Fukuyama versus Huntington
* Promise Unfulfilled? U.S. Hegemony
A NEW WORLD ORDER?
War in the Gulf
The European Union
U.S. Economic Hegemony Endures
* The United Nations, Collective Security, and Humanitarian Intervention
SPOTLIGHT: Definitional Discord: Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Genocide in Rwanda
THE TERROR OF SEPTEMBER 11 AND ITS AFTERMATH
War in Iraq
* The Great Recession and Debt Crisis in the European Union
* "Arab Spring"
* AT A GLANCE: Arab Spring
The Role of Non-state Actors
CONCLUSION
THEORY IN REVIEW: Examples from 1991 to the Present
PART II. THE MAJOR ISSUES IN WORLD POLITICS
CHAPTER 7. SECURITY THEORY IN PRACTICE: IS WHOLE CHAPTER NEW?
INTRODUCTION
REQUIREMENTS FOR SECURITY
ELEMENTS OF POWER
Economic Capabilities
Military Power
Measuring Military Capabilities
Benefits of Maintaining a Military
Costs of Maintaining a Military
Political Will
INTERSTATE WAR
INTRASTATE WAR
HUMAN SECURITY
SPOTLIGHT: Clausewitz on War and Politics
* AT A GLANCE: Military Balance: The U.S. and Other Key Countries
*THEORY IN REVIEW: Security
* WHAT WOULD YOU DO? ???
CHAPTER 8. CONTEMPORARY SECURITY ISSUES (ALL NEW?)
TRENDS IN SECURITY
Changing Strategies
United States
China
African Union
Transnational Terrorist Organizations
Changing Technologies
FUTURE CHALLENGES
CONCLUSION
SPOTLIGHT: Nuclear Weapons Accidents
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? ???
AT A GLANCE: International Drug Trafficking
*THEORY IN REVIEW ???
CHAPTER 9. WORLD POLITICS: TRADE AND INVESTMENT
TRADE
Ricardo's Model of Trade
Trade Barriers
Balance of Payments
Exchange RatesE WORLD GO AROUND
Capital Markets and Investment
Capital Markets
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
ECONOMIC POWER
Trade and Industry
Technology
ECONOMICS AS POLITICS
Realism
Liberalism
Hegemonic Stability Theory: Bridging the Liberal-Realist Divide
Constructivism
CONCLUSION
* SPOTLIGHT: Financial Contagion in the Era of Globalized Banking
AT A GLANCE: The Rise and Fall of the Euro, Ten Years On
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? ???
CHAPTER 10. WORLD POLITICS: DEVELOPMENT
WHAT DEVELOPMENT MEANS
HUMAN AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Development: A Holistic Approach
Civil Society and Development
Modernization Theory
Critiques of Modernization Theory
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT
* Democratization
Domestic Political Culture
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Systemic: Dependency Theory
Primary Product Exports
Unequal Terms of Trade
Transnational Corporations
Critiques of Dependency Theory
Domestic: Economic Development Theories
Import-Substitution Industrialization
Export-Led Industrialization
Washington Consensus
Systemic-Domestic
Structural Adjustment Programs
DEVELOPMENT TODAY
Creating a New Paradigm
Searching for Practical Solutions: Technology
Searching for Practical Solutions: Microfinance
Corruption vs. Courage
* SPOTLIGHT: Tough Truths about Free Trade
*AT A GLANCE: Cellphones and Development
* WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Promoting Development
CONCLUSION
* THEORY IN REVIEW:
CHAPTER 11. HUMAN ISSUES: DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
POPULATION
Population Growth and Decline: Impact of Youth Bulges and Aging Populations
Urbanization and Megacities
International Responses to Population Dynamics: Importance of Family Planning
The Abortion Debate
MIGRATION
Economic Migration
Refugees
Consequences of Migration
International Solutions to Problems of Migration
HEALTH AND DISEASE
The Global Health Picture
Responses to Global Health Problems
CONCLUSION
SPOTLIGHT: Human Trafficking
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Avian Flu
AT A GLANCE: Theory in Review: Demographic Issues
THEORY IN REVIEW: Demographic Issues
CHAPTER 12. RESOURCE ISSUES
THE ENVIRONMENT
Deforestation
Pollution
International Cooperation for Saving the Environment
A Green and Pleasant Globe?
WATER
Water Scarcity and the Potential for Conflict
International Responses to the Need for Water
Water's Future
FOOD
Feeding the World
International Food Aid and Famine Relief Efforts
ENERGY
The Need for Energy
Oil's Critical Role
Energy Crises and Global Responses
Coal and Natural Gas
Renewable Energy
CONCLUSION
* SPOTLIGHT: Women, Gender, and the Environment
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Economic Growth Versus the Environment
AT A GLANCE: Theory in Review: Resource Issues
CHAPTER 13. GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
INTERNATIONAL LAW
Sources of International Law
Customary Practices
Treaties
Violation and Compliance
Areas of International Law
Human Rights under International Law
Can Human Rights Conventions Be Enforced?
Warfare and Aggression
Effectiveness and Compliance: The Verdict on International Law
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
International Governmental Organizations
Security IGOS: The United Nations
The United Nations Is Born
The United Nations: Structure, Functions, and Politics
Secretariat and Secretary-General
International Court of Justice
Economic and Social Council
UN Peacekeeping Missions: Expectations and Experience
United Nations' Effectiveness
Economic IGOs
The World Bank
The International Monetary Fund
The GATT and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
The Bretton Woods Institutions into the Future
Nongovernmental Organizations
NGOs, Power, and Global Governance
NGOs in Action
CONCLUSION
SPOTLIGHT: Confict and Cooperation in the Security Council
WHAT WOULD YOU DO? UN Peacekeeping
AT A GLANCE: Theory in Review: Global Governance
CHAPTER 14. WORLD POLITICS IN CONTEXT
WHAT HAVE WE COVERED SO FAR?
WHAT HAVE WE NOT YET COVERED?
Ethics
Ethics of War
Ethics of Sovereignty and Positive Intervention
Ethics of Trade and Development
Ethics of Competing Interests
Relationship of World Politics to Other Subdisciplines of Political Science
Foreign Policy
Comparative Politics
American Politics
Political Theory
THE FUTURE
Realist Projection
Liberal Projection
Constructivist Projection
CONCLUSION
SPOTLIGHT: Bad Guys Make Even Worse Allies
* WHAT WOULD YOU DO? Crisis in Syria: Ethics of Intervention
Notes
Glossary
Sources of Illustrations
Index