Sustainable Transportation Planning Tools for

As transportations-related disciplines of urban planning, architecture, landscape architecture, urban economics, and social policy have undergone major internal reform efforts in recent decades Written in clear, easy-to-follow language, this book provides planning practitioners with the tools they need to achieve their cities' economic development, social equity and ecological sustainability goals. Starting with detailed advice for improving each mode of transportation, the book offers guidance on balancing the needs of each mode against each other, whether on a downtown street, or a small town neighborhood, or a regional network.

Jeffrey Tumlin is an owner and sustainability practice leader of Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, a San Francisco–based transportation planning and engineering firm that focuses on sustainable mobility. Over the past nineteen years, he has led station-area, downtown, citywide, and campus plans, and he has delivered various lectures and classes in twenty U.S. states and five other countries. His major development projects have succeeded in reducing their traffic and CO2 emissions by as much as 40% and have accommodated many millions of square feet of growth with no net increase in motor vehicle traffic. These projects have won awards from the General Services Administration, American Planning Association, American Society of Landscape Architects, Congress for the New Urbanism, and Urban Land Institute.

Acknowledgments	p. vii
Foreword	p. ix
Introduction	p. 1
Why Transportation?	p. 2
The Big Picture: Mobility vs. Accessibility	p. 4
Structure of This Book	p. 5
Sustainable Transportation	p. 7
What Is Sustainability?	p. 7
Transportation and Public Health	p. 23
The Human Body	p. 23
Does This McMansion Make Me Look Fat?	p. 26
Danger, Will Robinson!	p. 27
Anger, Will Robinson!	p. 28
Health and Equity	p. 29
Driving and Social Health	p. 31
Transportation and Trust	p. 31
Conclusions	p. 33
The City of the Future	p. 35
Yesterday's Tomorrowland	p. 35
Imagining the Sustainable City of the Future	p. 37
Streets	p. 45
Conceptualizing Streets	p. 45
Principles of Street Design	p. 48
Pedestrians	p. 51
Introduction	p. 51
Pedestrian Planning Principles	p. 51
Pedestrian Planning Tools	p. 56
Pedestrian Design Tools	p. 60
Measuring Pedestrian Success	p. 69
Case Study: Marin County Safe Routes to Schools	p. 71
Bicycles	p. 73
Introduction	p. 73
Why Invest in Cycling?	p. 73
Increasing Cycling	p. 74
Key Cycling Principles	p. 76
Design So That Everyone Will Enjoy Biking	p. 81
Measuring Bicycle Success	p. 101
Further Information	p. 101
Transit	p. 105
Introduction	p. 105
Transit Modes	p. 106
Case Study: Los Angeles Metro Rapid	p. 114
Case Study: Portland Streetcar	p. 116
Case Study: San Diego Trolley	p. 117
Design for Transit	p. 121
Measuring Success	p. 134
Case Study: Boulder, Colorado, Community Transit Network	p. 136
Transit Planning Resources	p. 136
Motor Vehicles	p. 139
Introduction	p. 139
Designing for Cars	p. 143
Design Manuals That Build upon Context	p. 149
Design Guidance	p. 151
Modeling Traffi c	p. 166
Freeways	p. 169
Parking	p. 173
Introduction	p. 173
Parking Is Destiny	p. 173
Parking Economics	p. 101
175 Parking Tools	p. 177
Parking Management Principles	p. 181
Top Ten Parking Management Strategies	p. 186
Carsharing	p. 205
Introduction	p. 205
Types of Carsharing	p. 206
Impacts	p. 207
Where Carsharing Is Most Successful	p. 208
Public Policies That Support Carsharing	p. 212
Municipal Fleets	p. 215
Jump-Starting a Program	p. 216
Stations and Station Areas	p. 217
Introduction	p. 217
Multimodal Access	p. 219
Case Study: WMATA's Orange Line	p. 232
Station Components	p. 234
Case Study: BART Station Replacement Parking	p. 236
Transportation Demand Management	p. 241
What Is Traffic Congestion and Why Does It Happen?	p. 241
Planning for Reduced Traffic	p. 244
Traffic Reduction: A How-To Guide	p. 249
Measuring Success	p. 263
Definitions	p. 263
How Performance Measures Are Used	p. 264
How Performance Measures Are Misused	p. 264
Measuring Success for Multiple Modes	p. 270
Using Performance Measures to Balance Modes	p. 270
Citywide Transportation System Measurements	p. 277
Evaluating Project Alternatives	p. 282
Additional Resources	p. 285
For More Information	p. 287
Useful Online Resources	p. 287
Required Reading	p. 288
Useful Tools	p. 289
Endnotes	p. 297
Index	p. 303
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Sustainable Transportation Planning Tools for Creating Vibrant, Healthy, and Resilient Communities

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