Servants of War Private Military Corporations and the Profit of Conflict

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ISBN: 9781593762025 | 159376202X
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 12/16/2008

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Private military firms are making a killing. They operate on all continents throughout the world-commissioned by governments, intelligence agencies, private industries, warlords, drug cartels, and rebel groups to support their militaries and investments.

The Business of War	p. 1
The New Mercenaries: On the Job Around the World	p. 1
The Death of an Antiterror Specialist	p. 2
A Military Pilot on Various Continents	p. 4
The Inventor of the PMC	p. 6
A Special Kind of Arms Dealer	p. 9
A Soldier on a Humanitarian Mission	p. 14
Recruitment of a Private Soldier	p. 17
Private Military Companies: The New Service Industry	p. 19
The Broad Spectrum of Services	p. 21
Practical Realization	p. 27
Attempts At Categorization	p. 29
Size and Orientation	p. 31
PMCs and the Abu Ghraib Scandal	p. 37
Personnel and Cost Structure	p. 39
The Clients: "Strong States, Corporate Masters, and Rebels"	p. 45
Strong States: The United States and Germany	p. 46
The Interests of the Private Sector	p. 56
"Weak States" with Security Gaps	p. 60
Rebel Groups and Freedom Fighters	p. 62
The Security Dilemma of International Organizations	p. 63
Private Individuals and Security	p. 67
Global Markets for Armed Force: Four Private Military Companies in Action	p. 69
Military Professional Resources Inc. (MPRI)	p. 70
Kellogg, Brown and Root (KBR)	p. 75
Executive Outcomes (EO)	p. 80
Blackwater Worldwide	p. 84
Globalization and "New Wars": A Short History of the Private War Economy	p. 91
Biblical Bandits and Greek Hoplites	p. 92
Rome's Popular Army versus Carthage's Mercenary Forces	p. 95
Mercenary Bands in the Middle Ages	p. 97
Companies, "Free Lances," and Condottieri	p. 98
Swiss Guards and German Lansquenets	p. 100
The Ascendancy of the National Standing Army	p. 102
The East India Company	p. 103
The French Revolution and the Decline of the Mercenaries	p. 105
The End of the Cold War: Different Conditions for Military Services	p. 111
The End of The Cold War and Globalization	p. 113
New Conflicts in the Third World	p. 116
The New National Energy Policy	p. 118
The Technology and Electronic Revolution	p. 121
Radical Changes in Intelligence Services	p. 123
Clientele Systems and Shadow Economics: The Development of New Security Needs	p. 129
The Rise of Markets For Violence	p. 130
Problems with the Clientele System	p. 132
The Rise of Particular Communities	p. 134
The Illegal Global Network	p. 138
Shadow Economies: The Link Between Legal and Illegal Moneymaking	p. 139
Dangerous Consequences: Militant Cooperation-Business and Private Military Firms	p. 145
Intervention in the Andes	p. 148
The Security Strategy of Transnational Concerns	p. 151
Unscrupulous Multinational Oil Companies	p. 153
Out of Control: The Questionable Legality of the Privatization of Force in the West	p. 159
Private Soldiers in Iraq	p. 160
Secret Contracts, Legal Chaos	p. 161
Lack of Oversight and Accountability	p. 164
Legal Immunity and Ambiguity for New Mercenaries	p. 168
The Conflict Between Democracy and Privatization: A State Within a State	p. 172
Deceptive Security: National Betrayal in the "Weak States"	p. 179
Dysfunctional Relationship Among Military, State, and Civil Societies	p. 181
The Quick Fix: Buying Security	p. 184
The Loss of the Monopoly on the Legitimate Use of Force	p. 186
Plundering of Natural Resources	p. 188
Aid Organizations: In the Military Slipstream	p. 193
Endangered Neutrality	p. 194
Military Firms as Security Risks	p. 196
The Need for New Protection Concepts	p. 199
Conflict Resolution without Private Military Companies? Markets for Violence versus State Monopolies	p. 203
Violating the Democracy Imperative	p. 206
Jeopardizing the State's Monopoly on Force	p. 209
The Politics of Peace in the Military Slipstream	p. 213
Crisis Management and PMCs	p. 215
Preventing Crisis and Securing Peace	p. 217
"Peace from Above" versus "Peace from Below"	p. 218
The German Plan of Action	p. 222
Criticism from NGOs	p. 225
Conflict Resolution as a Concrete Challenge	p. 227
Conclusion	p. 231
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Servants of War Private Military Corporations and the Profit of Conflict

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