Advanced Surface Engineering Materials

Advanced surfaces enriches the high-throughput engineering of physical and chemical phenomenon in relatin to electrical, magnetic, electronics, thermal and optical controls, as well as large surface areas, protective coatings against water loss and excessive gas exchange. A more sophisticated example could be a highly selective surface permeability allowing passive diffusion and selective transport of molecules in the water or gases. The smart surface technology provides an interlayer model which prevents the entry of substances without affecting the properties of neighboring layers. A number of methods have been developed for coatings, which are essential building blocks for the top-down and/or bottom-up design of numerous functional materials. Advanced Surface Engineering Materials offers a detailed up-to-date review chapters on the functional coatings and adhesives, engineering of nanosurfaces, high-tech surface, characterization and new applications. 

The 13 chapters in this book are divided into 3 parts (Functional coatings and adhesives; Engineering of nanosurfaces; High-tech surface, characterization and new applications) and are all written by worldwide subject matter specialists.

Ashutosh Tiwari is Secretary General, International Association of Advanced Materials; Chairman and Managing Director of Tekidag AB (Innotech); Associate Professor and Group Leader, Smart Materials and Biodevices at the world premier Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM-Linköping University; Editor-in-Chief, Advanced Materials Letters; a materials chemist and docent in the Applied Physics with the specialization of Biosensors and Bioelectronics from Linköping University, Sweden. He has more than 100 peer-reviewed primary research publications in the field of materials science and nanotechnology and has edited/authored more than 35 books on advanced materials and technology. He is the founder member and chair of American, Asian, European and Advanced Materials World Congress, Smart Materials and Surfaces, Global & European Graphene Forum, International Conference on Smart Energy Technologies, International Conference on Material Science and Technology and World Technology Forum.

Rui Wang obtained his PhD in Chemical Engineering from Dalian University of Technology, China in 1996 and is now a full Professor at Shandong University.  He has published more than 140 research papers and two books, together with 21 granted patents and 7 pending patents.  His research areas encompass the overlapping fields of environmental engineering, chemical engineering, clean energy and materials science, with a strong emphasis on waste reclamation and reuse.

Bingqing Wei (B. Q. Wei) received his PhD degree in 1992 from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. He is currently a tenured professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Delaware, USA.  Prof. Wei’s research interests lie in nanomaterials and their energy applications. He has published more than 240 scientific papers in refereed international journals and delivered 160 plus invited talks and seminars in academia and industry worldwide. His research work has been intensively cited more than 13,000 times by peer scientists with the h-index of 58.   His research has also been recognized with many awards, including the most recent Advanced Materials Medal for Year 2015.

Preface xvii

Part 1 Functional Coatings and Adhesives

1 Bio-inspired Coatings and Adhesives 3
Saurabh Das and B. Kollbe Ahn

1.1 Introduction 4

1.2 The Interfacial Biochemistry of a Mussel Adhesive 4

1.3 Tough Coating Proteins in the Mussel Thread 12

1.4 Mussel-inspired Coatings and Adhesives 15

1.5 Conclusions and Future Research Avenues for Bio-inspired Adhesives and Coatings 25

References 26

2 Advancement of Surface by Applying a Seemingly Simple Sol–gel Oxide Materials 33
Justyna Krzak, Beata Borak, Anna Łukowiak, Anna Donesz-Sikorska, Bartosz Babiarczuk, Krzysztof Marycz and Anna Szczurek

2.1 Introduction 33

2.2 Are Simple Sol–gel Oxides Only Simple Materials? 35

2.3 Hybrid Coating Materials 55

2.4 Functionalized Oxide Coatings 62

2.5 Coatings for Cells 70

2.6 Sol–gel Materials as Interface Materials 75

2.7 Conclusions 81

References 83

3 Femtosecond Laser Texturing of Bio-based Polymer Films for Surface Functionalization 97
A. Daskalova

3.1 Introduction 98

3.2 Naturally Derived Biomaterials 100

3.3 Surface Modification Features 102

3.4 Mechanisms of Laser–tissue Interaction 104

3.5 Laser-based Methods for Surface Treatment of Biomaterials 113

3.6 Conclusion 134

Acknowledgments 135

References 135

4 Engineered Electromagnetic Surfaces and Their Applications 141
Mirko Barbuto, Filiberto Bilotti, Alessio Monti, Davide Ramaccia and Alessandro Toscano

4.1 Introduction 142

4.2 Impedance Boundary Condition 143

4.3 Metasurfaces Based on Metallic Strips 145

4.4 Metasurfaces Based on Circular Inclusions 155

4.5 Metasurfaces Based on Crossed Dipoles 163

References 169

5 Structural and Hydroxyapatite-like Surface Functionalization of Advanced Biomimetic Prototype Interface for RA Endoprostheses to Enhance Osteoconduction and Osteointegration 175
Ryszard Uklejewski, Piotr Rogala and Mariusz Winiecki

5.1 Introduction 176

5.2 Biomimetic Multi-spiked Connecting Scaffold Prototype – The Promising Breakthrough in Bone-implant Advanced Interfacing in Joint Resurfacing Endoprostheses Fixation Technique 180

5.3 Bioengineering Design of the MSC-scaffold Prototype, Its Additive Manufacturing and Post-SLM_processing of Bone Contacting Surfaces 183

5.4 Structural Pro-osteoconduction Functionalization of the MSC-scaffold Interfacing System for Biomimetic Entirely Cementless RA Endoprostheses 208

5.5 Hydroxyapatite-like Functionalization of Bone Contacting Surfaces of the MSC-scaffold to Enhance Osteointegration 220

5.6 Conclusions 229

Acknowledgments 232

References 232

Part 2 Engineering of Nanosurfaces

6 Biosynthesis of Metal Nanoparticles and Graphene 243
Ujjal Kumar Sur

6.1 Introduction 244

6.2 Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Microorganisms 257

6.3 Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Fruit Extract 263

6.4 Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract 265

6.5 Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Honey 273

6.6 Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Animal Tissue 273

6.7 Synthesis of Semiconductor Nanoparticles from Plant, Fruit Extract and Honey 274

6.8 Biosynthesis of Other Nanoparticles 276

6.9 Biosynthesis of Graphene 279

6.10 Applications of Metal Nanoparticles and Graphene 283

6.11 Future Trends and Prospects 286

6.12 Conclusions 287

Acknowledgements 288

References 289

7 Surface Modifiers for the Generation of Advanced Nanomaterials 297
Pınar Akkuş Süt, Melike Belenli, Özlem Şen, Melis Emanet, Mine Altunbek and Mustafa Çulha

7.1 Introduction 297

7.2 Most Commonly Used NMs and Their Possible Surface Chemistry 298

7.3 Parameters Influencing NP Functionalization 298

7.4 Modification Strategies 304

7.5 The Potential Problems During NPs Modifications 316

7.6 Surface Modifiers 317

7.7 Conclusions 334

References 335

8 Nanoassisted Functional Modulation of Enzymes: Concept and Applications 349
Arka Mukhopadhyay and Hirak K. Patra

8.1 Introduction 349

8.2 Enzyme Modifying Nanomaterials 352

8.3 Regulations of Enzyme Properties by Several Nanomaterials 365

8.4 Conclusions 376

Abbreviations 376

References 377

9 Electrospun Fibers Based on Biopolymers 385
Alicia Mujica-Garcia, Agueda Sonseca, Marina P. Arrieta, Maysa Yusef, Daniel López, Enrique Gimenez, José M. Kenny and Laura Peponi

9.1 Electrospinning: Background and Set-up 386

9.2 Biopolymers 393

9.3 Electrospinning of Biopolymer Nanofibers 396

9.4 Electrospun Fibers Based on Biopolymers Blends 408

9.5 Bionanocomposites Electrospun Fibers 414

9.6 Conclusions 423

Acknowledgments 423

References 424

10 Nanostructured Materials as Biosensor Transducers: Achievements and Future Developments 439
N.F. Starodub, K.E. Shavanova, N.F. Shpyrka, M.M. Mel’nichenko and R.V. Viter

10.1 Introduction 440

10.2 Biosensors According to the Main Principles of Their Classification 442

10.3 Ion-selective Field Effect Transistors-based Biosensors: Origins and Perspective Development 446

10.4 Optical Biosensors 461

Acknowledgments 488

References 488

Part 3 High-tech Surface, Characterisation, and New Applications

11 Optical Emission Spectroscopy Investigation of Direct Current Micro-plasma for Carbon Structures Growth 497
Dana-Cristina Toncu

11.1 Theoretical Background of Optical Emission Spectroscopy in Plasma Diagnosis 498

11.2 Direct Current Micro-plasma Experimental Investigation for Carbon Structures 500

11.3 Optical Emission Spectroscopy Results 502

Acknowledgement 514

References 515

12 Advanced Titanium Surfaces and Its Alloys for Orthopedic and Dental Applications Based on Digital SEM Imaging Analysis 517
Sahar A. Fadlallah, Amira S. Ashour and Nilanjan Dey

12.1 Introduction 518

12.2 Titanium Implants Basic Concepts 521

12.3 Automated Nanostructures Image Analysis-based Morphology 540

12.4 Conclusion 550

References 551

13 Deep-blue Organic Light-emitting Diodes: From Fluorophores to Phosphors for High-efficiency Devices 561
Frédéric Dumur

13.1 Introduction 591

13.2 Fluorescent Emitters 565

13.3 Phosphorescent Emitters 618

13.4 Future Perspectives and Ongoing Challenges 621

References 622

14 Plasma–material Interactions Problems and Dust Creation and Re-suspension in Case of Accidents in Nuclear Fusion Plants: A New Challenge for Reactors like ITER and DEMO 635
A. Malizia, L.A. Poggi, J.F. Ciparisse, S. Talebzadeh, M. Gelfusa, A. Murari and P. Gaudio

14.1 Introduction 636

14.2 Materials for Nuclear Fusion Plants 638

14.3 Radioactive Dust in Nuclear Fusion Plants: Security Problems in Case of Re-suspension 660

14.4 Conclusion 687

References 689

Index 703

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