3d Displays

Provides an introduction to the various 3D solutions, gradually leading the reader up to the most involved 3D strategies 3D displays realized by flat panel display technology and CRTs are presently a hot topic and are considered to be the next important innovation in the display market. The 3D technology included in this market introduction is known and presented in detail in the book, while the basics for the later more advanced technologies are also outlined. Introduces the reader, from first principles to an explanation of the concepts behind 3D displays, to enable the application of these concepts to the practical implementation of different types of 3D displays. Field of 3D displays is moving quickly, and is attracting increasing interest from industry and academia. Covers the key 3D display technologies, including those that have already been commercialized, as well as some promising technologies likely to see application in the future. Includes all display devices such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diode displays (OLED), plasma display panels (PDPs) and cathode-ray tubes (CRTs).

Ernst Lueder, (retired), Department of Electrical Communications, University of Stuttgart, Germany
Ernst Lueder is Professor Emeritus at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. He was Director of the Institute of Network and Systems Theory at Stuttgart University until 1999, and also headed up a DM 80 million research laboratory for the fabrication of flat panel displays. He is an IEEE Fellow, as well as a Fellow of SID and in 2009, received SID’s Slottow-Owaki award. Prof. Lueder has also been awarded the order of merit 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany. From 2000 until very recently in 2010, Prof. Lueder was President of the Electro Optical Consultancy. He has previously authored 2 editions of Liquid Crystal Displays: Addressing Schemes and Electro-Optical Effects published by Wiley.

Preface	p. xi
Series Preface	p. xiii
Introduction	p. xv
The Physiology of 3D Perception	p. 1
Binocular Viewing or Human Stereopsis	p. 1
The Mismatch of Accommodation and Disparity and the Depths of Focus and of Field	p. 3
Distance Scaling of Disparity	p. 6
Interocular Crosstalk	p. 7
Psychological Effects for Depth Perception	p. 10
High-Level Cognitive Factor	p. 10
Acknowledgments	p. 11
References	p. 11
Stereoscopic Displays	p. 13
Stereoscopic Displays with Area Multiplexing	p. 13
Retarders for the generation of polarizations	p. 13
Wire grid polarizers for processing of the second view	p. 20
Stereoscopic display with two LCDs	p. 22
Combined Area and Time Division Multiplex for 3D Displays	p. 26
Stereoscopic Time Sequential Displays	p. 31
Time sequential viewing with an active retarder	p. 31
Fast time sequential 3D displays by the use of OCB LCDs	p. 33
Time sequential 3D displays with black insertions	p. 33
Special Solutions for Stereoscopic Displays	p. 41
Stereoscopic Projectors	p. 48
Interleaved, Simultaneous, and Progressive Addressing of AMOLEDs and AMLCDs	p. 60
Photo-Induced Alignment for Retarders and Beam Splitters	p. 68
Acknowledgments	p. 68
References	p. 69
Autostereoscopic Displays	p. 73
Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Lenticular Lenses	p. 73
Spatially Multiplexed Multiview Autostereoscopic Displays with Switchable Lenticular Lenses	p. 85
Autostereoscopic Displays with Fixed and Switchable Parallax Barriers	p. 95
Time Sequential Autostereoscopic Displays and Directional Backlights	p. 104
Time sequential displays with special mirrors or 3D films	p. 105
Time sequential displays with directionally switched backlights	p. 109
Depth-Fused 3D Displays	p. 115
Single and Multiview 3D Displays with a Light Guide	p. 125
Test of 3D Displays and Medical Applications	p. 129
Acknowledgments	p. 129
References	p. 130
Assessment of Quality of 3D Displays	p. 133
Introduction and Overview	p. 133
Retrieving Quality Data from Given Images	p. 135
Algorithms Based on Objective Measures Providing Disparity or Depth Maps	p. 136
The algorithm based on the sum of absolute differences	p. 136
Smoothness and edge detection in images	p. 140
An Algorithm Based on Subjective Measures	p. 146
The Kanade-Lucas-Toman (KLT) Feature Tracking Algorithm	p. 153
Special Approaches for 2D to 3D Conversion	p. 158
Conversion of 2D to 3D images based on motion parallax	p. 159
Conversion from 2D to 3D based on depth cues in still pictures	p. 161
Conversion from 2D to 3D based on gray shade and luminance setting	p. 162
Reconstruction of 3D Images from Disparity Maps Pertaining to Monoscopic 2D or 3D Originals	p. 165
Preprocessing of the depth map	p. 165
Warping of the image creating the left and the right eye views	p. 167
Disocclusions and hole-filling	p. 172
Special systems for depth image-based rendering (DIBR)	p. 176
Acknowledgments	p. 182
References	p. 183
Integral Imaging	p. 185
The Basis of Integral Imaging	p. 186
Enhancement of Depth, Viewing Angle, and Resolution of 3D Integral Images	p. 188
Enhancement of depth	p. 189
Enlargement of viewing angle	p. 193
Enhancing resolution	p. 195
Integral Videography	p. 196
Convertible 2D/3D Integral Imaging	p. 207
Acknowledgments	p. 214
References	p. 214
Holography for 3D Displays	p. 217
Introduction and Overview	p. 217
Recording a Hologram and Reconstruction of the Original 3D Image	p. 218
A Holographic Screen	p. 227
Digital Holography Based on the Fourier Transform	p. 229
A Holographic Laser Projector	p. 232
Acknowledgments	p. 235
References	p. 235
Volumetric 3D Displays	p. 237
The Nature of Volumetric Displays	p. 237
Accessing and Activating Voxels in Static Volumetric Displays	p. 238
Swept Volume or Mechanical 3D Displays	p. 245
Acknowledgments	p. 252
References	p. 252
A Shot at the Assessment of 3D Technologies	p. 253
Index	p. 257
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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