50 Literacy Strategies: Step-by-Step

Gail Tompkins   I’m a teacher, first and foremost.  I began my career as a first-grade teacher in Virginia in the 1970s.  I remember one first grader who cried as the first day of school was ending.  When I tried to comfort him, he sobbed accusingly, “I came to first grade to learn to read and write and you forgot to teach me.”  The next day, I taught that child and his classmates to read and write! We made a small patterned book about one of the stuffed animals in the classroom.  I wrote some of the words and the students supplied the others, and I duplicated copies of the book for each child.  We practiced reading it until everyone memorized our little book.  The children proudly took their books home to read to their parents. I’ve never forgotten that child’s comment and what it taught me:  Teachers must understand their students and meet their expectations.

            My first few years of teaching left me with more questions than answers, and I wanted to become a more effective teacher so I started taking graduate courses.  In time I earned a master’s degree and then a doctorate in Reading/Language Arts, both from Virginia Tech.  Through my graduate studies, I learned a lot of answers, but more importantly, I learned to keep on asking questions.

            Then I began teaching at the university level.  First I taught at Miami University in Ohio, then at the University of Oklahoma, and finally at California State University, Fresno. I’ve taught preservice teachers and practicing teachers working on master’s degrees, and I’ve directed doctoral dissertations. I’ve received awards for my teaching, including the Provost’s Award for Excellence in Teaching at California State University, Fresno, and I was inducted into the California Reading Association’s Reading Hall of Fame. Throughout the years, my students have taught me as much as I taught them.  I’m grateful to all of them for what I’ve learned.

            I’ve been writing college textbooks for more than 20 years, and I think of the books I write as teaching, too.  I’ll be teaching you as you read this text.  As I write a book, I try to anticipate the questions you might ask and provide that information.  I also include students’ samples so you can see concepts that I’m explaining, and I include lists of trade books that you can refer to as you work with students.

1.       “All About …” Books

2.       Alphabet Books

3.       Anticipation Guides

4.       Author’s Chair

5.       Book Boxes

6.       Book Talks

7.       Choral Reading

8.       Clusters

9.       Collaborative Books

10.    Cubing

11.    Data Charts

12.    Double-Entry Journals

13.    Exclusion Brainstorming

14.    Gallery Walks

15.    Goldilocks Strategy

16.    Grand Conversations

17.    Guided Reading

18.    Hot Seat

19.    Interactive Read-Alouds

20.    Interactive Writing

21.    K-W-L Charts

22.    Language Experience Approach

23.    Learning Logs

24.    Making Words

25.    Minilessons

26.    Open-Mind Portraits

27.    Plot Profiles

28.    Possible Sentences

29.    Prereading Plan

30.    Process Drama

31.    Question-Answer-Relationships

32.    Questioning the Author

33.    Quickwrites

34.    Quilts

35.    RAFT

36.    Readers Theatre

37.    Reading Logs

38.    Revising Groups

39.    Rubrics

40.    Shared Reading

41.    Sketch-to-Stretch

42.    SQ4R

43.    Story Boards

44.    Story Retelling

45.    Sustained Silent Reading

46.    Tea Party

47.    Venn Diagrams

48.    Word Ladders

49.    Word Sorts

50.    Word Walls

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