Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy for Cancer

Adaptive microwave phased array antennas are well known for their ability to improve the performance of communications and radar systems. and now, adaptive phased array techniques are beginning to be successfully applied to RF and microwave thermotherapy treatment of cancerous tumors. This groundbreaking book details innovative phased array techniques currently being developed at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory for cancer treatment. Until now, this material has only been available in Lincoln Laboratory reports and peer-reviewed journals. From electromagnetic field theory for tissue heating... to simulations of adaptive phased array thermotherapy for deep tumors of the torso... to coverage of arrays for tumors in the head, neck, breast, and chest wall, this timely resource offers you expert guidance in this emerging area. You also find an insightful look at future research topics for adaptive phased array thermotherapy.

Preface	p. xi
Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy Technique	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Background for Cancer Treatment	p. 8
Background for Thermotherapy Treatment of Cancer	p. 9
Background for Delivering Thermotherapy to Deep Cancers	p. 13
Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy Concept	p. 18
Summary	p. 22
References	p. 24
Adaptive Phased Array Algorithms for Thermotherapy	p. 37
Introduction	p. 37
Sample Matrix Inversion Algorithm	p. 37
Gradient-Search Algorithm	p. 45
Summary	p. 51
Problem Set	p. 53
References	p. 53
Electromagnetic Field Theory for Tissue Heating	p. 57
Introduction	p. 57
Wave Propagation in Conducting Media	p. 60
Maxwell's Electromagnetic Field Equations	p. 60
Vector Wave Equation	p. 64
Electromagnetic Energy Flow	p. 65
RF and Microwave Properties of Tissue	p. 69
Ray-Tracing Analysis Technique	p. 71
Method of Moments Formulation	p. 74
Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method	p. 79
Summary	p. 82
Problem Set	p. 82
References	p. 87
Thermal Modeling Theory for Tissue Heating	p. 91
Introduction	p. 91
Thermal Properties of Tissue	p. 91
Bioheat Equation	p. 92
Summary	p. 98
References	p. 99
Adaptive Array Simulations for the Torso	p. 101
Introduction	p. 101
Simulation Model	p. 102
Simulated Results	p. 105
Summary	p. 110
References	p. 111
Phantom Studies for Deep Tumors in the Torso	p. 115
Introduction	p. 115
Methods and Materials	p. 117
Hyperthermia Phased Array Equipment Description	p. 117
Saline-Filled Cylindrical Phantom Description	p. 119
Heterogeneous Beef Phantom Description	p. 120
Light-Emitting Diode Saline-Filled Elliptical Phantom Description	p. 120
Measured Results	p. 124
Saline-Filled Cylindrical Phantom: Two Adaptive Nulls	p. 125
Saline-Filled Cylindrical Phantom: Adaptive Focus	p. 127
One Adaptive Null for Heterogeneous Beef Phantom	p. 129
Three Anterior Adaptive Nulls for LED Saline-Filled Elliptical Phantom	p. 129
Three Lateral Adaptive Nulls for LED Saline-Filled Elliptical Phantom	p. 133
Summary	p. 136
References	p. 137
Monopole Phased Array for Deep Cancer	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
Methods and Materials	p. 142
Simulation Results	p. 147
Summary	p. 151
References	p. 153
Adaptive Array for Breast Cancer: Preclinical Results	p. 159
Introduction	p. 159
Surgical Considerations for Breast Cancer	p. 160
Microwave Thermotherapy Considerations for Breast Cancer	p. 162
Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy System Concept for Breast Cancer	p. 165
Adaptive Phased Array Algorithm for Focused Microwave Thermotherapy	p. 168
Calculated Specific Absorption Rate for Breast Phantom	p. 170
Clinical Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy System for Breast Cancer	p. 173
Calculated Specific Absorption Rate Distribution for Breast Phantom with and without Tumors	p. 176
Measured Specific Absorption Rate Distribution for Breast Phantom with Variable-Size Tumors	p. 179
Measurements of Thermal Distribution in Animals	p. 183
Summary	p. 187
References	p. 188
Adative Array for Breast Cancer: Clinical Results	p. 195
Introduction	p. 195
Patients and Methods	p. 198
Results	p. 200
Discussion	p. 206
Summary	p. 208
References	p. 209
Future Studies of Adaptive Phased Arrays for Cancer	p. 215
References	p. 217
About the Author	p. 221
Index	p. 223
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Adaptive Phased Array Thermotherapy for Cancer

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