AIDS and Development in Africa: A Social

This book uses a multidisciplinary social science perspective in country case studies of the contributory factors and development impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa. It demonstrates the human consequences of AIDS and the efforts being made by governments, individuals, families, villages, communities, and NGOs to respond to the pandemic. AIDS and Development in Africa goes beyond the usual analyses of demographic impact to much more substantial assessments and analyses of the burden on peoples, economies, and health care systems of African countries.

About the Editor

xi

Contributors

xiii

Preface

xv

The Socioeconomic Context of AIDS in Africa: A Review

1

(20)

Kempe Ronald Hope Sr.

Introduction

1

(2)

Factors Influencing the Impact of the AIDS Pandemic

3

(5)

The Socioeconomic Costs of the AIDS Pandemic

8

(6)

The Intervention Imperative

14

(2)

Conclusion

16

(5)

Social Science Explanations of the AIDS Pandemic in Africa

21

(16)

Pempelani Mufune

Introduction

21

(1)

Social Science and the Reaction to AIDS

21

(1)

Social Science and the Explanation of AIDS Patterns in Africa

22

(8)

Social Science Explanations and Policy Reactions to AIDS

30

(3)

Conclusion

33

(4)

Beyond the Statistics: HIV/AIDS As a Socioeconomic Epidemic in Africa

37

(10)

Hassan O. Kaya

Introduction

37

(1)

Limited Education and Lack of Access to HIV/AIDS Information

37

(1)

The Impact of Labor Migration

38

(2)

Gender Bias and HIV/AIDS

40

(1)

Child Sexual Abuse and HIV/AIDS

41

(1)

The Fear of Social Isolation

42

(1)

HIV/AIDS and Community Responsibility

43

(1)

Conclusion and Recommendations

44

(3)

HIV/AIDS and the Status of Women in Botswana

47

(12)

Gwen N. Lesetedi

Introduction

47

(2)

The AIDS Situation in Botswana

49

(2)

The Status of Women in the Context of AIDS in Botswana

51

(4)

Conclusion

55

(4)

Women's Health, Sociocultural Practices, and HIV/AIDS in Swaziland

59

(10)

Mamane Nxumalo

Introduction

59

(2)

Women, Health, and AIDS

61

(6)

Conclusion

67

(2)

Sexual Abuse, HIV/AIDS, and the Legal Rights of Women in Swaziland

69

(14)

Phumelele Thwala

Introduction

69

(1)

The Issues

70

(9)

Conclusion

79

(4)

The Law and the HIV/AIDS Epidemic: Competing Claims and Interests

83

(10)

Kwame Frimpong

Introduction

83

(1)

HIV/AIDS Victims and Communities at Large

83

(4)

HIV/AIDS Victims and Particular Segments of the Community

87

(3)

Conclusion

90

(3)

Orphans of the AIDS Pandemic: The Sub-Saharan Africa Experience

93

(16)

Gloria Jacques

Introduction

93

(1)

AIDS Orphans in Sub-Saharan Africa: Some Demographic Dimensions

94

(2)

Contextual Considerations of AIDS-Related Orphanhood in Africa

96

(3)

African Initiatives

99

(5)

Some Lessons from Africa

104

(1)

Conclusion

105

(4)

Media and the African Context of the Social Construction of HIV/AIDS

109

(12)

Skye Hughes

Ikanyeng S. Malila

Introduction

109

(1)

Background

109

(1)

Methodology

110

(1)

Media Messages: What Are They?

111

(4)

An Analysis

115

(4)

Conclusion

119

(2)

The Social Context of HIV/AIDS Policy in Africa

121

(14)

Bertha Z. Osei-Hwedie

Kwaku Osei-Hwedie

Introduction

121

(1)

Dimensions of HIV/AIDS and Changing Perceptions

122

(2)

Societal Orientation on HIV/AIDS

124

(2)

The Social, Economic, and Political Context of HIV/AIDS

126

(3)

The Prospect of Social Support

129

(2)

Dimensions of HIV/AIDS Policy

131

(2)

Conclusion

133

(2)

A Note on National Policy and HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe

135

(8)

Helen Jackson

Introduction

135

(1)

The Rationale

135

(2)

The Process

137

(1)

The Issues

138

(2)

Conclusion

140

(3)

Societal Responses to HIV/AIDS in Botswana

143

(10)

Patrick Molutsi

M. N. Badade

Introduction

143

(1)

The Societal Response

143

(5)

Bureaucratic Solutions and Their Shortcomings

148

(9)

Conclusion

157

AIDS Awareness and Sexual Behavior Change in South Africa

153

(12)

Leickness C. Simbayi

Introduction

153

(1)

The AIDS Epidemic in South Africa

153

(1)

Strategies for Preventing the Spread of AIDS

154

(3)

A Biopsychosocial Approach to AIDS

157

(2)

Explaining the Ineffectiveness of AIDS Health Education Programs

159

(2)

Conclusion and Recommendations

161

(4)

HIV/AIDS and a Return to Traditional Cultural Practices in Malawi

165

(12)

Gregory Kamwendo

Olex Kamowa

Introduction

165

(1)

The Context of Culture in Malawi

166

(1)

Society, Traditional Cultural Practices, and the Spread of HIV/AIDS

166

(2)

Cultural Practices and HIV/AIDS

168

(4)

Malawian Society, HIV/AIDS, and Culture

172

(2)

Conclusion

174

(3)

The Question of Relevance in AIDS Education in Malawi

177

(8)

Violet M. Bonga

Introduction

177

(1)

Current Methods in HIV/AIDS Education in Malawi

178

(4)

Strategies for Encouraging Behavior Change

182

(2)

Conclusion

184

(1)

AIDS and Peer Education in Lesotho

185

(12)

Julia Chere-Masopha

Introduction

185

(1)

Objectives

186

(1)

Methodology and Observations

186

(9)

Discussion and Conclusion

195

(2)

Human Resource Development and Training in Relation to HIV/AIDS in the Formal Sector in Zambia

197

(10)

Robert Tembo

Introduction

197

(1)

Methodology

198

(1)

The Results

199

(5)

Policy Issues

204

(1)

Conclusion

205

(2)

HIV/AIDS, Households, and the Informal Economy in Africa: An Endnote from the Field

207

(8)

Vitalis G. Chipfakacha

Introduction

207

(2)

HIV/AIDS, Households, and the Informal Sector

209

(4)

Conclusion

213

(2)

Index

215

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AIDS and Development in Africa: A Social Science Perspective

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AIDS and Development in Africa: A Social Science Perspective

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