American Catholics and Slavery, 1789-1866 An Anthology of Primary Documents

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ISBN: 9780819195654 | 0819195650
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 7/5/1994

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This work brings together in one place primary material dealing with the issue of American Catholics and slavery. The anthology is organized in three parts. Each part is preceded by an introduction offering an overview of the section and each of the one hundred documents. Part I contains documents which established the Roman Catholic position on the morality of slave and slave-holding. Part II focuses on the context of the United States in the 18th and 19th centuries in which the Roman church existed. Part III presents documents generated by Catholics themselves specifically relating to slavery. Contents: Introduction; PART ONE: THE CATHOLIC TRADITION ON SLAVERY; The Hebrew Scriptures; The New Testament: The Letters of Paul; Church Fathers and Theologians; Church Councils; A Slave Code of a Catholic King; Papal Encyclicals; PART TWO: THE CONTEXT: 18TH AND 19TH CENTURY AMERICA; An Overview; Slavery: The Socio-Political Setting; Abolition and Abolitionists: Uniquely a Minority Protestant View; American Colonization Society; Papal Statements on the Evils of the Age: A Catholic World View; Nativism and Anti-Catholicism: Attack and Response; Friendly Observations of Catholics by Southerners; PART THREE: CATHOLICS ON SLAVERY: 1789-1866; Observers of Catholics and Slavery; The Catholic Press on the Subject of Slavery; The Work of Religious Among the Blacks; Catholics as Slave Buyers, Sellers and Masters; Statements of Former Slaves of Catholics; Baptism Registers; Statements of Catholic Priests; Theologizing on Slavery; Bishops' Pastoral Letters on Slavery; Personal Letters on Slavery; Personal Letters of Catholic Bishops; A Civil War Diary; The Second Plenary Council of Baltimore; Notes; Index.

List of Abbreviations
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
The Catholic Tradition on Slavery
The Hebrew Scriptures	p. 1
from Genesis 9: 25-27
from the Book of Exodus: 20 and 21
from the Book of Leviticus: 19 and 25
from the Book of Deuteronomy: 23: 15-16
The New Testament: The Letters of Paul	p. 5
His Beginning Points: Galatians 3: 27-28; I Corinthians 12: 13; and Romans 8: 21
"Slaves, Obey Your Masters": Colossians, Ephesians, I Timothy, Titus, I Corinthians and Philemon
"Masters, Treat Your Slaves Justly": Colossians and Ephesians
Church Fathers and Theologians	p. 9
from the Didache (c. 100?)
from a Letter of St. Ignatius to Polycarp (c. 107)
from a Sermon of St. Gregory of Nyzza (385)
from Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Letters of Paul (400)
from St. Augustine's The City of God (413-426)
from Magna Moralia and Pastoral Care of Pope St. Gregory the Great (c. 586 and 590)
from the Summa of St. Thomas Aquinas (1265-1272)
Church Councils	p. 19
from: Gangra (345), Chalcedon (451), IV Orleans (549) IV Toledo (633), IX Toledo (655) and III Lateran (1179)
A Slave Code of a Catholic King	p. 23
from the Code Noir of King Louis XV of France (1724)
Papal Encyclicals	p. 27
from Pope Gregory XVI's In Supremo Apostolatus (1839)
The Context: 18th and 19th Century America	p. 31
An Overview	p. 37
An Extended Chronology of Afro-American Slavery (drawing on the lists of Miller and Smith, Murphy, Lovejoy and Nolan)
from United States Census Reports (1830-1850), The Metropolitan Catholic Directory (1808-1854) and The Catholic Almanac (1854-1868): Statistics on American Catholics
Slavery: The Socio-Political Setting	p. 49
from Thomas Jefferson's Notes on Virginia (1781)
from Articles I and IV of the US Constitution (1789)
from the Supreme Court Case: Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
"The Prices of Slaves in Georgia" from the Lumpkin Palladium (1859)
Abolition and Abolitionists: Uniquely a Minority Protestant View	p. 59
Unanimous Action of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States Condemning Slavery (1818)
Constitution of the American Anti-Slavery Society (1833)
from "An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States" (1836)
"A Short Catechism" (1837)
from a Lecture on Slavery (1850)
Letter of Horace Greeley to Archbishop John Hughes on the Failure of The Catholic Church to Defend the African Race from Prejudice (1863)
American Colonization Society	p. 83
Rejection of Society's Work by Free Blacks: A Letter (1817)
Catholic Participation: A Letter of Bishop Barron at the Liberian Mission to Archbishop Kenrick (1845)
Papal Statements on the Evils of the Age: A Catholic World View	p. 89
Mirari Vos: Encyclical of Pope Gregory XVI (1832)
Quanta Cura and "Syllabus of Errors": Encyclical of Pope Pius IX (1864)
Nativism and Anti-Catholicism: Attack and Response	p. 97
from Imminent Dangers to the Free Institutions of the United States Through Foreign Immigration (1835)
from the Pastoral Letter of 3rd Provincial Council of Baltimore (1837)
Friendly Observations of Catholics by Southerners	p. 105
from the Southern Standard of New Orleans (1855)
from the Richmond Dispatch (1861)
Catholics on Slavery: 1789-1866	p. 107
Observers of Catholics and Slavery	p. 113
from a Letter of Father Joseph Mosley, S.J. (Maryland) to His sister (1774)
from the Letters of Father Antonio Grazzi to the Vatican on Slavery in the American South (1818)
from a Letter of Rev. Mr. John Mary Odin (Louisiana) to the Director of the Seminary at Lyons, France, on the Subject of Slaves in His Area (1822)
from the Journal of Mother Theodore Guerin about Her Trip to a Louisiana Slave Quarters and Slave Market (1844)
from William Howard Russell's My Diary North and South about His Visits to a Catholic's Plantation in the South (1861)
from Frederick Law Olmsted's Traveller's Observations concerning Inter-racial Religious Services in New Orleans (1861)
from a Pastoral Letter of Bishop Felix Dupanloup (Orleans, France) on the Subject of American Slavery (1862)
The Catholic Press on the Subject of Slavery	p. 127
from The United States Catholic Intelligencer, Boston (1831)
from The Catholic Miscellany, Charleston (SC) Reaction to In Supremo Apostolatus (1840)
from Brownson's Quarterly Review, NY, NY (1857)
from The Guardian, Louisville, KY (1860)
from The Mirror, Baltimore, MD (1860)
from The Tablet, NY, NY (1861)
from Brownson's Quarterly Review, NY, NY (1862)
from The Catholic Telegraph, Cincinnati, OH (1863)
The Work of Women Religious Among the Blacks	p. 143
from a Letter of Elizabeth Ann Seton Telling of Her Work with Blacks in Emmitsburg (1815)
from a History of the Oblate Sisters of Providence, Baltimore, MD (1829)
from a Letter of Bishop John England to the Rector of the Irish College in Rome on the Closing of His School for Black Children Run by the Sisters of Mercy (1836)
from the Death Notice of Henriette Delille, Foundress of The Sisters of the Holy Family, New Orleans, LA (1842)
from a Newspaper Report of the Opening of a School for Blacks by the Sisters of St. Joseph in St. Augustine, FL (1866)
Catholics as Slave Buyers, Sellers and Masters	p. 153
The Jesuits Sell Slaves from Their Maryland Estates (1803-1812)
Bishop DuBourg of New Orleans Wills Land and Slaves to the Jesuits of Missouri (1823)
Jesuits Buying and Selling Slaves to Prevent Separation of Husband and Wife (1826)
from the Record Book of John Nevitt about His Slaves, Natchez, MS (1831)
from a Letter of Bishop Augustus Martin of Natchitoches, LA, to the Vicar General in New Orleans about His Purchase of a Slave Woman (1855)
from Letters of Mother Hyacinth of the Daughters of the Cross Regarding Her Purchase and Use of Slaves (1855-1860)
Statements of Former Slaves of Catholics	p. 163
The Narrative of Henri Necaise, MS (c. 1832)
Testimony of Pierre Landry, LA (c. 1850)
Edward's Story from the Underground Railroad Records (1857)
Orlando J. Hurt's Story from the Same Records (1858)
Baptism Registers	p. 169
from the Baptism Registers for Negroes and Mulatoes [sic] of St. Louis Cathedral, New Orleans (1840)
from the Baptism Registers of St. John's Church, Tuscaloosa, AL (1846)
Statements of Catholic Priests	p. 171
from a Letter of Father Badin of Kentucky Condemning the Hypocrisy of Abolitionists (1805)
from a Letter of a Louisiana Parish Priest to Propagation of the Faith Condemning Slavery (1852)
from Letters and the Diary of James A. Healey, First Native-born Afro-American Priest and Bishop (1852-1864)
Letter of Parish Priest to the Vicar General of New Orleans Concerning the Marriages of Slaves (1855)
Response of the Catholic Clergy of New York City to the Race/Draft Riots (1863)
from the Civil War Diary of John Morgan, S.J., MD (1862-1865)
from the Baptismal Registers for Negroes and Mulatoes of St. Rose of Lima Parish and Sermon by Fr. Maistre, New Orleans (1862)
from A Letter of Rev. Etienne Rousselon to Archbishop Odin on the Emancipation Proclamation, New Orleans (1862)
"The Conquered Banner," a Poem by Father Abram Ryan, the "Poet of the Confederacy" (1866)
Theologizing on Slavery	p. 191
from Letters to John Forsyth by Bishop John England of Charleston, SC, on Domestic Slavery (1840)
from Theologia Moralis by Bishop Francis Patrick Kenrick of Philadelphia on the Morality of Slavery (1843)
from "A Sermon on Slavery and Abolition" by Bishop Augustin Verot of St. Augustine, FL (1861)
from "Dissertation on the American Civil War" by Bishop Martin J. Spalding of Louisville, KY, (1861)
from a Working Paper of Archbishop Hughes of NY on the Subject of Slavery (1861)
Bishop's Pastoral Letters on Slavery	p. 217
from A Pastoral Letter of Bishop Anthony Blanc of New Orleans on Slavery and True Freedom (1852)
from a Pastoral Letter of Bishop Augustus Martin of Natchitoches, LA (1861)
A Critique of Bishop Martin's Letter by the Roman Congregation of the Index
from a Pastoral Letter of Archbishop John Mary Odin of New Orleans to Clergy and Laity on the War (1862)
from a Pastoral Letter of Bishop Verot on the Negro Question (1866)
Personal Letters of Catholic Bishops	p. 231
from Letters of John Carroll, First Bishop of the United States, on Matters Pertaining to Slaves and Slavery (1789-1815)
Letters of Bishop John Chanche of Natchez, MS, to Propagation of Faith on the Black Population of Mississippi (1841)
from A Letter of Bishop William Elder of Natchez, MS, on Apostolate to the Negro (1858)
from Letters of Archbishop Francis Kenrick of Baltimore on His Sacramental Work with People of Color (1860)
from a Letter of Bishop Augustin Verot of St. Augustine, FL, to Propagation of the Faith on an Encounter with a Slave Ship (1860)
from a Letter of Bishop Patrick Lynch of Charleston, SC, to Archbishop John Hughes on Justification for Southern Secession (1861)
from a Letter of Archbishop Hughes of New York to a Southern Bishop on Catholics and the War (1861)
from a Letter of Archbishop Hughes to Simon Cameron, Secretary of War, on the Purpose of the War (1861)
from a Letter of Bishop Patrick Lynch to Archbishop Hughes in Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation (1862)
from A Letter of Bishop Purcell to Archbishop Odin on the Need for a Negro Apostolate (1863)
A Civil War Diary	p. 251
from Bishop William Elder's Civil War Diary in Which He Discusses His Work with Slaves (1862-1863)
The Second Plenary Council of Baltimore	p. 255
from the Pastoral Letter of the Council on the Need to Evangelize Blacks (1866)
Notes	p. 259
Index	p. 289
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American Catholics and Slavery, 1789-1866 An Anthology of Primary Documents

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