American Government Readings and Cases

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ISBN: 9780321329509 | 0321329503
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 2/4/2005

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As it has since its first edition, this reader provides a strong, balanced blend of classics that illustrate and amplify important concepts in American government, along with extremely current readings and cases drawn from today's literature.

Preface

xix

Acknowledgments

xxii

PART ONE The Setting of the American System

(172)

Constitutional Government

(47)

Constitutional Democracy: The Rule of Law

(7)

Second Treatise, Of Civil Government

(6)

John Locke

Framing the Constitution: Elitist or Democratic Process?

(31)

The Founding Fathers: A Reform Caucus in Action

(21)

John P. Roche

Framing the Constitution

(10)

Charles A. Beard

Limitation of Governmental Power and of Majority Rule

(4)

Federalist 47, 48, 51

(4)

James Madison

Interpreting the Constitution

(5)

How Not to Read the Constitution

(3)

Laurence H. Tribe

Michael C. Dorf

Federalism

(55)

Constitutional Background: National Versus State Power

(23)

Federalist 16, 17

(4)

Alexander Hamilton

The Anti-Federalist Papers No. 17

(3)

Federalist 44

(3)

James Madison

Federalist 45

(3)

James Madison

Federalist 39

(5)

James Madison

The Merits of the Federal System

(3)

James Bryce

Implied Powers and the Supremacy of National Law

(9)

4 Wheaton 316 (1819) McCulloch v. Maryland

(4)

9 Wheaton 1 (1824) Gibbons v. Ogden

(5)

A Perspective on Federalism: Present and Future

(5)

The Federal System

(4)

Morton Grodzins

State Politics and Constitutional Government

(7)

A Republic Subverted

(6)

David Broder

National Power over the States: A Recurring Constitutional Debate

(10)

529 U.S. 59 (2000) United States v. Morrison

(6)

Civil Liberties and Civil Rights

105

(68)

Constitutional Background

105

(7)

Anti-Federalist Paper No. 84 On the Lack of a Bill of Rights

106

(2)

Speech Before the House of Representatives in 1789 Proposing Amendments to Add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution

108

(4)

James Madison

The Nationalization of the Bill of Rights

112

(4)

Barron v. Mayor & City Council of Baltimore 32 U.S. 243 (1833)

113

(3)

The Fourteenth Amendment

116

(8)

Gideon v. Wainwright 372 U.S. 335 (1963)

119

(5)

Freedom of Speech and Press

124

(6)

The Need to Maintain a Free Marketplace of Ideas Abrams v. United States 250 U.S. 616 (1919)

126

(4)

Oliver Wendell Holmes

Expanding the Boundaries of Permissible Criticism of Government and Public Officials

130

(6)

New York Times Co. v. Sullivan 376 U.S. 254 (1964)

130

(6)

Equal Protection of the Laws: School Desegregation

136

(9)

Plessy v. Ferguson 163 U.S. 537 (1896)

136

(3)

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 347 U.S. 483 (1954)

139

(3)

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 349 U.S. 294 (1955)

142

(3)

The Judicial Sources of Major Political Controversies over Civil Liberties and Rights

145

(1)

The Establishment Clause and the Issue of School Prayer

146

(8)

Engel v. Vitale 370 U.S. 421 (1962)

147

(7)

School Vouchers and the Establishment Clause

154

(2)

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris Supreme Court of the United States (2002)

154

(2)

The Right to Abortion

156

(11)

Roe v. Wade 410 U.S. 113 (1973)

157

(10)

Affirmative Action

167

(6)

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena 515 U.S. 200 (1995)

168

(5)

PART TWO Political Parties, Electoral Behavior, and Interest Groups

173

(112)

Political Parties and the Electorate

175

(78)

Constitutional Background

175

(8)

Federalist 10

176

(5)

James Madison

Party Government

181

(2)

E. E. Schattschneider

Constitutional Protection of Parties

183

(2)

California Democratic Party et al. v. Jones, Secretary of State of California, et al. Supreme Court of the United States (2000)

184

(1)

The Party Model of Government

185

(8)

Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System

187

(4)

Perspectives on American Political Parties

191

(2)

Martin P. Wattenberg

Political Parties in Divided Government

193

(8)

Divided We Govern

194

(7)

David R. Mayhew

Functions and Types of Elections

201

(11)

A Theory of Critical Elections

202

(10)

V. O. Key, Jr.

Party Decline and Electoral Decay

212

(6)

Politics by Other Means

212

(6)

Benjamin Ginsberg

Martin Shefter

Voting Behavior: Rational or Irrational?

218

(8)

Democratic Practice and Democratic Theory

219

(7)

Bernard R. Berelson

Paul F. Lazarsfeld

William N. McPhee

Political Campaigns and the Electorate

226

(4)

The Responsible Electorate

226

(4)

V. O. Key, Jr.

Political Parties and Campaign Finance: Constitutional Issues Regulating Political Campaigns

230

(6)

Buckley v. Valeo 424 U.S. 1 (1976)

231

(5)

The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

236

(11)

McConnell v. Federal Election Commission United States Supreme Court (2003)

236

(6)

Unfree Speech: The Future of Regulatory ``Reform''

242

(5)

Bradley A. Smith

A Perspective on the Act

247

(6)

Myths and Realities About The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

247

(6)

Thomas E. Mann

Norman J. Ornstein

Interest Groups

253

(32)

Constitutional Background

253

(6)

Madison's Dilemma

254

(5)

Jeffrey M. Berry

The Nature and Functions of Interest Groups

259

(14)

The Governmental Process

260

(6)

David B. Truman

The Theory of Countervailing Power

266

(4)

John Kenneth Galbraith

The End of Liberalism: The Indictment

270

(3)

Theodore J. Lowi

How American Government and Politics Enhance Interest Group Power

273

(4)

Interest Groups and the American Political System

274

(3)

Mark J. Rozell

Clyde Wilcox

Money, PACs, and Elections

277

(8)

The Misplaced Obsession with PACs

278

(7)

Larry J. Sabato

PART THREE National Government Institutions

285

(181)

The Presidency

287

(63)

Constitutional Background: Single Versus Plural Executive

287

(3)

Federalist 70

288

(2)

Alexander Hamilton

The Nature of the Presidency: Power, Persuasion, and Paradoxes

290

(12)

The Presidency---Focus of Leadership

291

(5)

Clinton Rossiter

Presidential Power

296

(4)

Richard E. Neustadt

Presidential Paradoxes

300

(2)

Thomas E. Cronin

Michael A. Genovese

Presidential Politics

302

(1)

Presidential Character and Style

303

(10)

The Presidential Character

303

(10)

James David Barber

Presidential Leadership and Political Parties

313

(14)

The Presidency and Political Parties

313

(14)

Sidney M. Milkis

Presidential Elections

327

(4)

How to Run for President

327

(4)

David Brooks

The Constitutional Presidency and Emergency Powers

331

(7)

Ex Parte Merryman (April, 1861)

332

(2)

Ex Parte Milligan 71 U.S. 2 (1866)

334

(4)

Ex Parte Quirin (1942) as a Precedent for Military Tribunals to Try Suspected Terrorists

338

(12)

A Mixed Precedent for Military Tribunals

339

(3)

Tony Mauro

Ex Parte Quirin 317 U.S. 1 (1942)

342

(3)

Hamdi v. Rumsfeld United States Supreme Court (2004)

345

(5)

The Bureaucracy

350

(14)

Constitutional Background

350

(5)

Constitutional Democracy and Bureaucratic Power

351

(4)

Peter Woll

The Political Roots and Consequences of Bureaucracy

355

(9)

The Rise of the Bureaucratic State

356

(8)

James Q. Wilson

Congress

364

(62)

Constitutional Background: Representation of Popular, Group, and National Interests

364

(8)

Federalist 53, 56, 57, 58, 62, 63

365

(7)

James Madison

Congress and the Washington Political Establishment: Congress Emerges as a Professional Body Shaped by Reelection and Internal Power Incentives

372

(13)

Congressional Government

373

(5)

Woodrow Wilson

The Rise of the Washington Establishment

378

(7)

Morris P. Fiorina

Committee Chairmen as Political Entrepreneurs

385

(12)

Congress and the Quest for Power

386

(11)

Lawrence C. Dodd

Congress and the Electoral Connection

397

(29)

Speech to the Electors of Bristol

398

(3)

Edmund Burke

If, as Ralph Nader Says, Congress Is ``The Broken Branch,'' How Come We Love Our Congressmen So Much?

401

(7)

Richard F. Fenno, Jr.

Congress-Bashing for Beginners

408

(7)

Nelson W. Polsby

Congress: The Electoral Connection

415

(5)

David R. Mayhew

Home Style and Washington Career

420

(6)

Richard F. Fenno, Jr.

The Judiciary

426

(40)

Constitutional Background: Judicial Independence and Judicial Review

426

(9)

Federalist 78

427

(5)

Alexander Hamilton

Marbury v. Madison I Cranch 137 (1803)

432

(3)

Powers and Limitations of the Supreme Court

435

(7)

Judicial Self-Restraint

436

(6)

John P. Roche

A Case Study of Judicial Self-Restraint: The Pledge of Allegiance Case and the First Amendment's Establishment Clause

442

(1)

The Use of the Standing Doctrine as Procedural Self-Restraint: A Case Study

442

(5)

[The Pledge of Allegiance Case] Elk Grove Unified School District et al. v. Newdow et al.

443

(4)

Judicial Decision Making

447

(8)

How the Supreme Court Arrives at Decisions

448

(7)

William J. Brennan, Jr.

Interpreting the Constitution

455

(1)

The Contemporary Debate over Constitutional Interpretation

456

(10)

Constitutional Liberty and the Right to Abortion

457

(5)

Justice Sandra Day O'Connor

Liberty, Privacy, and the Right to Abortion

462

(1)

Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist

Liberty and Abortion: A Strict Constructionist's View

463

(3)

Justice Antonin Scalia

Appendix 1 The Declaration of Independence

466

(4)

Appendix 2 The Constitution of the United States

470

(19)

Credits

489

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American Government Readings and Cases

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials