American Immigration and Ethnicity A Reader

This innovative reader is the first in American immigration history to combine and compare the experiences of European immigrants in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and those of Asian, Hispanic, Caribbean, and African immigrants in the late twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Through its carefully selected readings from scholarly essays and primary source documents, this collection creates a framework for instructors to engage in comparative analysis of immigration waves across time. The editors have chosen readings with accessibilty for the undergraduate student in mind, and also provide substantial introductory material to better contextualize the selections. An invaluable tool for teaching immigration history, the volume also can be used in courses in sociology, ethnic studies, and American pluralism.

David A. Gerber is Professor of History at the University at Buffalo (SUNY). Alan M. Kraut is Professor of History at American University.

List of Illustrations

xi

Preface and Introduction

1

(12)

One A Comparison of Contemporary Immigration and the New Immigration of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

13

(19)

Introduction

13

(2)

Pyong Gap Min, "A Comparison of Post-1965 and Turn-of-the-Century Immigrants in Intergenerational Mobility and Cultural Transmission"

15

(17)

Two Making a New Home in a New Land—Resettling in the United States

32

(25)

Introduction

32

(7)

Virginia Yans-McLaughlin, "New Wine In Old Bottles: Family, Community, and Immigration"

39

(9)

Mary Antin, The Promised Land

48

(5)

Barry Newman, "For Asians in the U.S., Mini-Chinatowns Sprout in Suburbia"

53

(4)

Three Transnational Ties: The Immigrants' Continuing Relationships with Their Homelands

57

(24)

Introduction

57

(4)

Johanna Lessinger, "Investing or Going Home? A Transnational Strategy among Indian Immigrants in the United States"

61

(10)

Lawrence J. McCaffrey, The Irish Diaspora in America

71

(5)

Silvio Torres-Saillant, "Nothing to Celebrate"

76

(5)

Four Ethnicity and Ethnic Identification

81

(24)

Introduction

81

(4)

Kathleen Neils Conzen, David A. Gerber, Ewa Morawska, George E. Pozzetta, Rudolph J. Vecoli, "The Invention of Ethnicity:A Perspective from the USA"

85

(14)

Claire S. Chow, "Ethnicity and Identity: What It Means to Be Asian American"

99

(6)

Five Generations

105

(21)

Introduction

105

(6)

Victor Greene, "Old-time Folk Dancing and Music among the Second Generation, 1920-50"

111

(8)

Jane Addams, Twenty Years at Hull-House

119

(5)

Stephen Henderson, "Rakhi Dhanoa and Ranjeet Purewal"

124

(2)

Six Nativism, an American Perennial

126

(35)

Introduction

126

(5)

George J. Sánchez, "Face the Nation: Race, Immigration, and the Rise of Nativism in Late-Twentieth-Century-America"

131

(15)

Edward Alworth Ross, "American Blood and Immigrant Blood"

146

(7)

Peter Brimelow, "Time to Rethink Immigration?"

153

(8)

Seven Becoming White: Irish Immigrants in the Nineteenth Century

161

(22)

Introduction

161

(8)

David R. Roediger, "Irish-American Workers and White Racial Formation in the Antebellum United States"

169

(8)

Niles National Register—August 6, 1842—State of the Union, "Riot in Philadelphia: Conflicts between Whites and Blacks"

177

(3)

Frederick Douglass, "Colored Americans, and Aliens—T.F. Meagher"

180

(2)

Stephan A. Douglas (Speech at Jonesboro, Illinois)

182

(1)

Eight Becoming Black: Contemporary Jamaicans and West Indians in the 1990's

183

(19)

Introduction

183

(4)

Adam Nossiter, "A Jamaican Way Station in the Bronx: Community of Striving Immigrants Fosters Middle-Class Values"

187

(4)

Milton Vickerman, Crosscurrents: West Indian Immigrants and Race

191

(9)

Virginia Turner, "Jamaicans Outraged: New York Police Targeting West Indians"

200

(2)

Nine What the Immigrants Make, America Takes: Work in Immigrant Communities

202

(29)

Introduction

202

(5)

Mark Wyman, "Immigrants in an Industrializing Economy"

207

(8)

Louise C. Odencrantz, Italian Women in Industry: A. Study of Conditions in New York City

215

(11)

Laura Parker, "USA Just Wouldn't Work Without Immigrant Labor; Demand will Continue to Grow for High- and Low-skilled"

226

(5)

Ten Family, Domestic Economy, and Women's and Men's Lives

231

(28)

Introduction

231

(3)

Nancy Foner, "Immigrant Women and Work in New York City, Then and Now"

234

(10)

Margaret Byington, "Family Life of the Slays"

244

(7)

Sonia Shah, "Three Hot Meals and a Full Day at Work: South Asian Women's Labor in the United States"

251

(8)

Eleven Language: Social and Political Perspectives

259

(19)

Introduction

259

(4)

Stanley Lieberson and Timothy J. Curry, "Language Shift in the United States: Some Demographic Clues"

263

(7)

Richard Rodriguez, Hunger for Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez—An Autobiography

270

(5)

Guillermo X. Garcia, "Border Battle Centers on 'Spanish-only' Town"

275

(3)

Twelve The Physical Health and Mental Well-Being of Immigrants

278

(22)

Introduction

278

(4)

Alan M. Kraut, "'That Is the American Way. And in America You Should Do as Americans Do': Italian Customs, American Standards"

282

(11)

John Foster Carr, Guide for the Immigrant Italian in the United States of America

293

(4)

Sarah Kershaw, "Freud Meets Buddha: Therapy for Immigrants"

297

(3)

Thirteen Traditions and Invented Traditions

300

(19)

Introduction

300

(5)

Robert Anthony Orsi, "The Origins of the Devotion to Mount Carmel in Italian Harlem"

305

(10)

A Reader from the Bronx, "Letter to the Editor" (of the Jewish Daily Forward)

315

(2)

Bruce Frankel, "Savannah Going All-out Irish: Just 1% Irish, but City Boasts Gigantic Fest"

317

(2)

Fourteen Ethnicity and American Popular Culture

319

(21)

Introduction

319

(6)

Donna R. Gabaccia, "The Big Business of Eating"

325

(12)

Emily Wax, "World's Fare: Schools Offer Ethnic Dishes to Entice their Increasingly Diverse Students"

337

(3)

Index

340

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American Immigration and Ethnicity A Reader

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials