American Religion: Literary Sources and Documents

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ISBN: 9781873403211 | 1873403216
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Copyright: 4/17/1998

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This set offers the student a wide range of primary source material spanning several centuries of religious experience in the United States. The material is grouped thematically and chronologically with a critical apparatus which includes a substantial introductory essay giving an overview of the subject, a chronology, and bibliographies. The set includes: Volume I: From the Beginnings of European Settlement to the Effects of Political Independence. (Colonists as a Chosen People, Popular Beliefs, Christianity and African-Americans, Religion and Revolution, more) Volume II: Religion in the New Nation: Revolution to Reconstruction (The Separation of Church and State, The Voluntary Principle in Operation, Native American Religion, more) Volume III: Modern American Religion since the late 19th Century (New Immigrants: Catholicism, Judaism, Moral Behaviour and Political Action, Eastern Religions in America, more)

VOLUME I From the Beginning of European Settlement to the Effects of Political Independence

General Editor's Preface

(2)

Introduction

(71)

Chronology

(19)

Critical Bibliographies

(19)

Bibliography of Sources & Documents

114

(11)

A Note on the Selections

125

(2)

A Note on the Texts

127

(1)

Acknowledgements

128

(7)

Colonists as a Chosen People

Good Newes from Virginia, 1613

135

(2)

Alexander Whitaker

Wonder Working Providence of Sion's Saviour, 1654

137

(6)

Edward Johnson

The Triumphs of the Reformed Religion in America, 1691

143

(2)

Cotton Mather

Some Thoughts Concerning the Revival of Religion in New England, 1742

145

(5)

Jonathan Edwards

his Election Sermon, The United States Elevated to Glory and Honor, 1783

150

(7)

Ezra Stiles

The Covenant Idea

The Mayflower Compact, 1620, in William Bradford, History of Plimmoth Plantation, 1651

157

(1)

`The Charlestown Church Compact', 1630

158

(1)

`The Preface to the Christian Reader; and especially to the Churches of Massachusets Colony in New-England' from The Half-Way Covenant, 1662

159

(12)

Charter of Privileges to the Province and Counties of Pennsylvania, 1701

171

(6)

William Penn

Church Organization, Discipline and Dissent

A Letter [. . .] to Mr. Williams, 1643

177

(9)

John Cotton

Mr. Cotton's Letter lately Printed, Examined and Answered, 1644

186

(6)

Roger Williams

`The Principles of 1645', Survey of the Summe of Church Discipline, 1648

192

(2)

Thomas Hooker

`The Preface' from The Cambridge Platfrom, 1648

194

(9)

A Discourse about Civil Government in a New Plantation whose design is Religion, 1663

203

(2)

John Davenport

Blessed Unions: An Union with the Son of God by Faith, and an Union in the Church of God by Love, importunately pressed, 1692

205

(1)

Cotton Mather

New England Judged, Not by Man's but the Spirit of The Lord, 1702

206

(13)

George Bishop

Popular Beliefs

`A Further Account of some other Remarkable Preservations', An Essay for the Recording of Illustrious Providences, 1684

219

(10)

Increase Mather

`Sorcery [1695-1738]', A Retrospect of Early Quakerism, 1860

229

(3)

Ezra Michener

An Astronomical Diary, 1729

232

(2)

Nathaniel Ames

A Treatise on Magic, 1810

234

(11)

Frederic Quitman

Christianity and Native Americans

A Letter, December 1694

245

(7)

Fray Francisco Corbera

A Letter to the Provincial, July 1696

252

(8)

Fray Francisco De Vargas

Question whether God is not Angry with the Country for Doing so little towards the Conversion of the Indians?, 1723

260

(2)

Solomon Stoddard

Aborigines Committee of the Meeting for Sufferings, from Some Account of the Conduct of the Religious Society of Friends towards the Indian Tribes, 1844

262

(11)

Christianity and African-Americans

An Exhortation & Caution to Friends Concerning buying or Keeping of Negroes, 1693

273

(3)

George Keith

Afer Baptizatus: or, The Negro turn'd Christian, 1702

276

(3)

Anthony Hill

Two Sermons Preached to a Congregation of Black Slaves at the Parish Church of S. P. in the Province of Maryland, 1749

279

(5)

Thomas Bacon

a Letter dated August 1758, Letters from the Rev. Samuel Davies & Others, 1761

284

(2)

Samuel Davies

a Letter to Elias Boudinot in Relation to the Testimony of Quakers against Negro Slavery, 1774

286

(9)

Samuel Allinson

Religious Pluralism: Growth and Tensions

Letters of Dutch Ministers from New Netherlands to the Classis of Amsterdam, March 1655 and August 1657

295

(6)

Johannes Megapolensis

Samuel Drissius

A Charitable Samaritan, a Sermon, 1689

301

(4)

Ezechiel Carre

`Organization [1695-1723]', A Retrospect of Early Quakerism, 1860.

305

(5)

Ezra Michener

A just and cleere Refutation of a false and scandalous Pamphlet Entitled `Babylons fall in Maryland &c.', 1655

310

(2)

John Langford

`The Coming of the Acadians to Massachusetts 1755-56', The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay, 1778

312

(3)

Thomas Hutchinson

The Diary of John Comer, 1730-31

315

(2)

John Comer

a Letter to Count Zizendorf, November 1741

317

(2)

Conrad Beissel

Some Account of the Principles of the Moravians, 1743

319

(8)

Gilbert Tennent

Exchange of Letters between the Jewish Congregation of Newport and George Washington, 1790

327

(6)

George Washington

Colonial Anglicanism and Presbyterianism

The Acts of Dr. Bray's Visitation held at Annapolis in Mary-land, 1700

333

(3)

Thomas Bray

An Account of the State of the Church in North America, 1702

336

(8)

George Keith

Observations on the Charter and Conduct of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, [. . .], 1763

344

(10)

Jonathan Mayhew

A Review of Dr. Mayhew's Remarks, 1765

354

(17)

East Apthorp

a Letter to Anthony Benezet, February 1768

371

(2)

Dr. Burton

[`Presbytery and School' 1716 and 1743] in Maurice Armstrong et al., eds, The Presbyterianism Enterprise, 1956

373

(2)

[`Problems of Growth', 1723 and 1753] in Maurice Armstrong et al., eds, The Presbyterianism Enterprise, 1956

375

(6)

The Great Awakening

`Parties in the Presbyterian Church', The Great Awakening, 1842

381

(12)

Joseph Tracy

`Philadelphia', George Whitefield's Journals, 1739-41

393

(5)

George Whitefield

`Preface of the Rev. Mr. Cooper of Boston', in Jonathan Edwards, The Distinguishing Marks of a Work of the Spirit of God, 1741

398

(3)

William Cooper

The late Religious Commotions in New-England Considered, 1743

401

(3)

Charles Chauncy

William Rand

The Reverend Mr. James Davenport's Confession and Retractions, 1744

404

(5)

James Davenport

Religion and Revolution

The Snare Broken. A Thanksgiving Discourse, Preached at the Desire of the West Church in Boston, [. . .], 1766

409

(2)

Jonathan Mayhew

Religious Liberty an Invaluable Blessing, 1768

411

(3)

Amos Adams

Government corrupted by Vice and recovered by Righteousness, 1775

414

(3)

Samuel Langdon

[`War' 1775-79], A Retrospect of Early Quakerism, 1860

417

(5)

Ezra Michener

a Letter to Rev. Richard Hind, October 1776

422

(10)

Charles Inglis

The Church's Flight into the Wilderness: An Address on the Times, 1776

432

(5)

Samuel Sherwood

Some Effects of Revolution

An Address to the Members of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Maryland, 1784

437

(4)

William Smith

Reason the Only Oracle of Man, or a Compendous System of Natural Religion, 1784

441

(3)

Ethan Allen

The Journal, 1784

444

(3)

Francis Asbury

The Principles of Civil Union and Happiness Considered and Recommended, 1787

447

Elizur Goodrich

VOLUME II Religion in the New Nation: Revolution to Reconstruction

The Separation of Church and State

`Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom in Virginia', 1779, in Report of the Committee of Revisors, 1784

(2)

Thomas Jefferson

`To the Honorable the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia: A Memorial and Remonstrance', 1785

(6)

James Madison

A Door Opened for Equal Christian Liberty, 1783

(7)

Isaac Backus

`Foundation of the Voluntary Principle to be Sought for in the Character and Habits of the People of the United States', Religion in America, Vol. IV, 1844

(5)

Robert Baird

The Development of Religious Rationalism

The Age of Reason, 1794

(16)

Thomas Paine

First Annual Report of the Executive Committee of the American Unitarian Assciation, 1826

(9)

`Universalists', in Daniel Rupp, compiler, An Original History of the Religious Denominations at present existing in the United States, 1844

(14)

A. B. Grosch

`Evidences of Christianity Concluded', A Review of the Evidences of Christianity, 1831

(7)

Abner Kneeland

The Voluntary Principle in Operation

`The Voluntary Principle Developed in Home Missions-American Home Missionary Society', Religion in America, Vol. IV, 1844

(5)

Robert Baird

`Sunday Schools-American Sunday School Union and Other Sunday School Societies'; `Bible Classes'; `Maternal Societies'; `Education Societies', Religion in America, Vol. IV, 1844

(13)

Robert Baird

`Summary View of the Baptist Denomination in the United States', Religion in America, 1837

(14)

F. A. Cox

J. Hoby

The Second Great Awakening and Revivals

`Remarks upon Ministerial Education', Memoirs of Rev. Charles G. Finney, 1876

103

(11)

Charles G. Finney

`Account of a Revival' and `Account of Sunday Schools', A Narrative of the Visit to the American Churches by the Deputation of the Congregational Union of England and Wales, 1835

114

(7)

Andrew Reed

James Matheson

`Camp-Meeting', Domestic Manners of the Americans, 1832

121

(6)

Frances Trollope

a letter to Sarah and Angelina Grimke, 26 August 1837

127

(4)

Theodore Weld

Chapter XVII, Recent Recollections of the Anglo-American Church, 1861

131

(8)

An English Layman

`Obstacles which the Voluntary System has had to Encounter in America; 4. From the Vast Emigration from Foreign Countries', Vol. I, Religion in America, 1844

139

(6)

Robert Baird

Religion and Antebellum Reform

Remarks on the Disposition Which Now Prevails to Form Associations and to Accomplish all Objects by Organized Masses, 1830

145

(12)

William Ellery Channing

Letter on the Penitentiary System of Pennsylvania to William Roscoe, 10th May 1827

157

(7)

Roberts Vaux

Religion and Pure Principles of Morality, 1831

164

(10)

Maria W. Stewart

Address to the Citizens of the United States of America on the Subject of Slavery from the Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends, 1837

174

(5)

diary entry for August 10th, 1818 in Eliza Cope Harrison, ed., Philadelphia Merchant: The Diary of Thomas P. Cope, 1978

179

(2)

Thomas P. Cope

Letter to the Editor of the Christian Witness, 4 December 1846; pub. in The Liberator, 4 December 1846

181

(5)

William Lloyd Garrison

Confessions of John Humphry Noyes, 1849

186

(17)

John Humphery Noyes

Discourse on Woman, 1850

203

(13)

Lucretia Mott

a Letter, 14th March 1816, Extracts from Two Letters Written by Elias Hicks, 1841

216

(5)

Elias Hicks

Outside the Protestant Mainstream

`Shakers', in Daniel Rupp, compiler, An Original History of the Religious Denominations at present existing in the United States, 1844

221

(6)

Thomas Brown

`The Matthias Delusion', Narrative of Sojourner Truth, 1878

227

(6)

Sojourner Truth

`Second Advent Believers', in Daniel Rupp, compiler, An Original History of the Religious Denominations at present existing in the United States, 1844

233

(12)

N. Southard

The Secret of Swedenborg, 1869

245

(8)

Henry James Sr.

`Latter Day Saints', in Daniel Rupp, compiler, An Original History of the Religious Denominations at present existing in the United States, 1844

253

(7)

Joseph Smith

`The Mormon Religion', The City of Saints, 1861

260

(12)

Sir Richard Burton

`Practical Religion', A Study of the Articles of Faith, 1899

272

(14)

James Talmage

`Pioneers to Eternity: Norwegians on the Prairie', in Thomas C. Wheeler, ed., The Immigrant Experience, New York, 1971

286

(2)

Eugene Boe

diary entry for June 9th 1802, in Eliza Cope Harrison, ed., Philadelphia Merchant: The Diary of Thomas Cope, 1978

288

(2)

Thomas P. Cope

`The African Church', in A Narrative of the Visit to the American Churches by the Deputation from the Congregational Union of England and Wales, 1835

290

(5)

Andrew Reed

James Matheson

Religion and Romantic Culture

`The Divinity School Address', 1838

295

(13)

Ralph Waldo Emerson

`Sunday', A Week on the Concord and Merrimac Rivers, 1849

308

(6)

Henry David Thoreau

`Transcendental Wild Oats', The Woman's Journal, 5, no. 8, 21 February 1874

314

(15)

Lousia May Alcott

Native American Religion

Recent Recollections of the Anglo-American Church, 1861

329

(11)

An English Layman

`Account of the Northern Cheyennes Concerning the Messiah Superstition', The Journal of American Folklore, 1891

340

(9)

George B. Grinnell

`The Doctrine of the Ghost Dance', The Ghost Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890, 1896

349

(15)

James Mooney

`The Sun Dance of the Hekandika Shoshone', 1935, American Anthropologist, Vol. 37, No. 4, 1935

364

(13)

E. Adamson Hoebel

Religion, The Civil War and Reconstruction

`Our National Sins', A Sermon Preached in the Presbyterian Church, Columbia, S.C. on the Day of the State Fast, 21 Nov. 1860, in Fast Day Sermons: or the Pulpit, The State of the Country, 1861

377

(25)

James Thornwell

`The Crisis of Our National Disease', A Sermon Preached at All Souls Church, New York, on the Day of the National Fast, 4 January 1861, in Fast Day Sermons: or the Pulpit, The State of the Country, 1861

402

(10)

Henry W. Bellows

`The Battle Hymn of the Republic', 1861

412

(2)

Julia Ward Howe

`Proclamation of a National Fast Day', August 12, 1861 and `Meditation on the Divine Will', September 2, 1862 [?]

414

(2)

Abraham Lincoln

`The Church and Slavery', The Church and the Rebellion, 1864

416

(12)

R. L. Stanton

`An Account of a Meeting of Black Religious Leaders with the Secretary of War and the Commander of the Military Division of Mississippi', New York, 13 February 1865, in Ira Berlin, et al., eds, Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation. The Wartime Genesis of Free Labour: The Lower South, 1990

428

(7)

`The Marriage Ceremony', First Days with the Contrabands, 1893

435

Elizabeth Botume

VOLUME III Modern American Religion since the Late Nineteenth Century

Scene Setting: Urban Revivalism and Immigrant Religiosity

`From Church to Opera House: A Change of Tactics', Arthur T. Pierson, 1912

(11)

Delavan Leonard Pierson

`The Reporter's Conversion', Arrows and Anecdotes, 1876

(2)

Dwight L. Moody

`Churches', The New Immigration, 1912

(15)

Peter Roberts

New Immigrants: Catholicism

`American Priests for Italian Missions', Ecclesiastical Review, 1908

(3)

John T. MacNicholas

`The American Mission of Frances Xavier Cabrini', The Catholic World, 1918

(4)

James J. Walsh

`The Poles', The New Immigration, 1912

(4)

Peter Roberts

`Perils-Romanism', Our Country, 1885

(5)

Josiah Strong

`The Catholic Publication Society', The Life of Father Hecker, 1891

(3)

Walter Elliott

`Church, State and School', The Catholic World, 1890

(9)

Joseph V. Tracy

`The American Nationality', The Question of Nationality in Its Relation to the Catholic Church in the United States, 1889

(13)

Anton Walburg

Testem Benevolentiae, 1899

(8)

Pope Leo XIII

`The Church and the Republic', A Retrospective of Fifty Years, 1916

(7)

Cardinal James Gibbons

New Immigrants: Judaism

The Spirit of the Ghetto, 1902

(10)

Hutchins Hapgood

Living Judaism, 1927

(7)

Leo Jung

`The Jewish Reform Movement in the United States', Jewish Quarterly Review, 1897

106

(16)

David Philipson

`The Problem of Religious Education, an Address delivered at the Graduating Exercises of the Seminary, 2 June 1907', Seminary Addresses and Personal Papers, 1915

122

(7)

Solomon Schechter

`The Duty of American Jews', (1909) in Memoirs in Profile, 1975

129

(7)

Louis Lipsky

`Palestinian or American Judaism', Studies, Addresses and Personal Papers, 1931

136

(5)

Kaufmann Kohler

`Reform', This is my God, 1960

141

(12)

Herman Wouk

Religion in Urban Industrial Society

`Perils-Wealth', Our Country, 1885

153

(6)

Josiah Strong

`Accumulation of Riches', Teachings of Jesus Concerning Wealth, 1903

159

(5)

Gerald Heuver

`The Knights of Labor', A Retrospective of Fifty Years, 1916

164

(8)

Cardinal James Gibbons

`Social Realization of Democracy', The Christian State, 1898

172

(5)

George D. Herron

`What to Do', Christianity and the Social Crisis, 1907

177

(15)

Walter Rauschenbusch

`The Industrial Revolution', Recollections, 1909

192

(10)

Washington Gladden

`The Teaching of the Catholic Church', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1922

202

(7)

John A. Ryan

`Judaism and The Industrial Crisis', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1922.

209

(5)

Sidney E. Goldstein

`The Workingman's Alienation from the Church', American Journal of Sociology, 1899

214

(8)

H. Francis Perry

`Great Central Parishes and Their Neighbourhood Ministries', The Church Serves the Changing City, 1955.

222

(11)

Ross W. Sanderson

Moral Behaviour and Political Action: Religion and Prohibition

`Messages to the W.C.T.U.', in D. Leigh Colvin, ed., Prohibition in the United States, 1926

233

(4)

Frances E. Willard

`Public Life and Social Reform', Bishop Cannon's Own Story, 1955

237

(4)

James Cannon

`The Church and Temperance', The Catholic World, 1890

241

(10)

Walter Elliott

Pressure Politics: The Story of the Anti-Saloon League, 1928

251

(8)

Peter Odegard

Faith in a Changing World

The Gospel for an Age of Doubt, 1896

259

(4)

Henry Van Dyke

`The Inspiration of the Bible', Seven Questions in Dispute, 1924

263

(6)

William Jennings Bryan

`Science and Religion', Adventurous Religion, 1926

269

(7)

Harry Emerson Fosdick

`The Kentucky Campaign Against the Teaching of Evolution', Journal of Religion, 1922

276

(7)

Alonzo W. Fortune

`The Social Gospel', Modern Religious Liberalism, 1920

283

(9)

John Horsch

`Why Temple Baptist Church Withdraws from the Northern Baptist Convention', 1935, in Joel A. Carpenter, ed., Inside Story of the First Baptist Church, 1988

292

(10)

J. Frank Norris

`Radicalism and Religious Disinterestedness', Reflections on the End of an Era, 1934

302

(7)

Reinhold Niebuhr

`A Fundamentalist Sermon by a Modernist Preacher', The Power to See It Through, 1935

309

(10)

Harry Emerson Fosdick

New Thought and Therapeutic Religion

Science and Health, 1875

319

(2)

Mary Baker Eddy

Christian Healing and the People's Idea of God, 1909

321

(4)

Mary Baker Eddy

The New Alinement of Life, 1913

325

(3)

Ralph Waldo Trine

`Doorways to a New Life for You', The Art of Real Happiness, 1951

328

(15)

Norman Vincent Peale

Smiley Blanton

Black Churches and Sects

`The Function of the Negro Church', The Philadelphia Negro, 1899

343

(5)

W. E. B. Du Bois

`The Changing Church', Shadow of the Plantation, 1934

348

(8)

Charles S. Johnson

`Middle Class Religion', Black Metropolis, 1946

356

(12)

Horace Cayton

St. Clair Drake

`Hoodoo in America', Journal of American Folklore, 1931

368

(13)

Zora Neale Hurston

```There Goes God!'': The Story of Father Divine and His Angels', The Nation, 1935

381

(7)

Claude McKay

`The Moorish Science Temple', Black Gods of the Metropolis, 1944

388

(7)

Arthur Huff Fauset

Religion and Race Relations

`Methodists' Opinions on Segregation', Negro Segregation in the Methodist Church, 1953

395

(15)

Dwight L. Culver

`Race and Racial Tension in the Church', Christianity and World Issues, 1957

410

(8)

T. B. Maston

`Pilgrimage to Nonviolence', Stride Toward Freedom, 1959

418

(4)

Martin Luther King

`The Voodoo Cult [Nation of Islam] among Negro Migrants in Detroit', American Journal of Sociology, 1938

422

(10)

Erdmann Doane Beynon

`The Black Revolution', in Benjamin Goodman, ed., The End of White World Supremacy: Four Speeches by Malcolm X, 1971

432

(3)

Malcolm X

`Letters from Abroad', George Breitman, ed., Malcolm X Speaks, 1965

435

(4)

Malcolm X

`We are God's Chosen People', The Black Messiah, 1968

439

(6)

Albert B. Cleage, Jr

`The Sources of Black Theology', A Black Theology of Liberation, 1970

445

(5)

James B. Cone

`Black Power', Chaos or Community?, 1967

450

(15)

Martin Luther King

Eastern Religions in America

`Japanese Buddhism in Hawaii', Asia at the Door, 1914

465

(3)

Kiyoshi K. Kawakami

`Institutional Religion and the Children of Asian Immigrants', Americans in Process, 1937

468

(11)

William Carlson Smith

`What Vedanta Means to Me', in J. Yale, ed., What Vedanta Means to Me, 1961

479

(8)

Dorothy F. Mercer

`Beat Zen, Square Zen, Zen', This Is It, 1961

487

(3)

Alan Watts

`The Real Threat of the Moonies', Christianity in Crisis, 1977

490

(11)

Harvey Cox

Modern Evangelism, Radical and Conservative Christianity

`We Need Revival', Revival in Our Time, 1951

501

(7)

Billy Graham

`Radio-``The Lengthened Reach''', Reaching Youth for Christ, 1944

508

(4)

Torrey Johnson

Robert Cook

`Declaration at St. Louis of the Assemblies of God', Anointed to Serve: The Story of the Assemblies of God, 1971

512

(4)

William W. Menzies

`The People's Temple and Commitment to Change', The Jonestown Letters: Correspondence of the Moore Family, 1970-1985, 1986

516

(5)

John V. Moore

`Consensus Society! Consensus Church?', A Punishment for Peace, 1969

521

(13)

Philip Berrigan

`Letter from a Baltimore Jail', Prison Journals of a Priest-Revolutionary, 1970

534

(5)

Philip Berrigan

`Letter to the Weathermen', America is Hard to Find', 1973

539

(6)

Daniel Berrigan

`The Chicago Declaration, 1973', Evangelicals in the White House, 1973

545

(2)

Erling Jorstad

`God's Own Network: The T.V. Kingdom of Pat Robertson', Harper's Magazine, 1980

547

(24)

Dick Dabney

`Jerry Falwell on Armageddon', Prophecy and Politics, 1987

571

(6)

Grace Halsell

Index of Writers, Documents, Artists and Illustrations

577

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American Religion: Literary Sources and Documents

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Table of Contents

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