The American Spirit, Volume 2: Since 1865

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ISBN: 9780395871010 | 0395871018
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/25/1997

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Summary

Supplemental Materials

Presents the social and political history of the United States through contemporary source materials from the era of Reconstruction to the present day.

Preface

xxi

The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865--1877

(36)

The Status of the South

(6)

Carl Schurz Reports Southern Defiance (1865)

(2)

General Ulysses S. Grant Is Optimistic (1865)

(1)

The Former Slaves Confront Freedom (1901)

(3)

Emancipation Violence in Texas (c. 1865)

(1)

The Debate on Reconstruction Policy

(8)

Southern Blacks Ask for Help (1865)

(1)

The White South Asks for Unconditional Reintegration into the Union (1866)

(2)

The Radical Republicans Take a Hard Line (1866)

(1)

President Andrew Johnson Tries to Restrain Congress (1867)

(3)

The Controversy over the Fifteenth Amendment (1866, 1870)

(1)

Impeaching the President

(3)

Johnson's Cleveland Speech (1866)

(2)

Senator Lyman Trumbull Defends Johnson (1868)

(1)

``Black Reconstruction''

(6)

Thaddeus Stevens Demands Black Suffrage (1867)

(1)

Black and White Legislatures (c. 1876)

(2)

W. E. B. Du Bois Justifies Black Legislators (1910)

(1)

Benjamin Tillman's Antiblack Tirade (1907)

(2)

The Ku Klux Klan's Reign of Terror

(8)

Alfred Richardson Testifies about Reconstruction-Era Georgia (1871)

(3)

Maria Carter Describes an Encounter with the Klan (1871)

(3)

Henry Lowther Falls Victim to the Klan (1871)

(2)

The Legacy of Reconstruction

(5)

Editor E. L. Godkin Grieves (1871)

(1)

Frederick Douglass Complains (1882)

(2)

Booker T. Washington Reflects (1901)

(2)

Politics in the Gilded Age, 1869--1889

(27)

The Liberal Republican Revolt

(4)

Carl Schurz Exposes the Spoilsmen (1871)

(1)

Horace Greeley Praises Greeley (1872)

(1)

The Democrats Arraign Ulysses S. Grant (1876)

(2)

Grant's Farewell Apology (1876)

(1)

The South After Reconstruction

(4)

Rutherford B. Hayes Believes Himself Defrauded (1876)

(1)

Zachariah Chandler Assails the Solid South (1897)

(1)

Reconstruction and Redemption (1882)

(2)

Race Divides the South

(9)

A Southern Senator Defends Jim Crow (1900)

(1)

A Spokesman for the ``New South'' Describes Race Relations in the 1880s (1889)

(3)

An African-American Minister Answers Henry Grady (1890)

(2)

Booker T. Washington Portrays the Plight of Black Tenant Farmers (1889)

(1)

A Southern Black Woman Reflects on the Jim Crow System (1902)

(2)

The Beginnings of Civil Service Reform

(4)

Oliver Morton Praises the Spoils System (1871)

(1)

Harper's Weekly Hails a New Era (1883)

(1)

Schurz Applauds Partial Gains (1893)

(2)

Cleveland Takes Command

(5)

Cleveland Pleads for Tariff Reduction (1885)

(1)

Philadelphians Criticize Cleveland (1887)

(1)

The New York Times Acclaims Courage (1887)

(1)

A Cartoonist Criticizes the Tariff (1884)

(2)

Industry Comes of Age, 1865--1900

(30)

The Problem of the Railroads

(4)

A Defense of Long-Haul Rates (1885)

(1)

Railroad President Sidney Dillon Supports Stock Watering (1892)

(2)

General James B. Weaver Deplores Stock Watering (1892)

(1)

The Trust and Monopoly

(3)

John D. Rockefeller Justifies Rebates (1909)

(1)

An Oil Man Goes Bankrupt (1899)

(1)

Weaver Attacks the Trust (1892)

(1)

The New Philosophy of Materialism

(4)

Andrew Carnegie's Gospel of Wealth (1889)

(2)

The Nation Challenges Carnegie (1901)

(1)

Russell Conwell Deifies the Dollar (c. 1900)

(1)

The Rise of the New South

(5)

Henry Grady Issues a Challenge (1889)

(1)

A Yankee Visits the New South (1887)

(2)

Life in a Southern Mill (1910)

(2)

Labor in Industrial America

(14)

In Praise of Mechanization (1897)

(3)

A Tailor Testifies (1883)

(2)

The Life of a Sweatshop Girl (1902)

(4)

The Knights of Labor Champion Reform (1887)

(2)

Samuel Gompers Condemns the Knights (c. 1886)

(1)

Capital Versus Labor (1871)

(2)

America Moves to the City, 1865--1900

(32)

The Lures and Liabilities of City Life

(7)

Frederick Law Olmstead Applauds the City's Attractions (1871)

(2)

Sister Carrie Is Bedazzled by Chicago (1900)

(2)

Cleaning Up New York (1897)

(1)

Jacob Riis Goes Slumming (1890)

(2)

The New Immigration

101

(9)

Mary Antin Praises America (1893)

101

(1)

The APA Hates Catholics (1893)

102

(1)

Henry Cabot Lodge Urges a Literacy Test (1896)

103

(1)

President Cleveland Vetoes a Literacy Test (1897)

104

(1)

Four Views of the Statue of Liberty (1881, 1885, 1886)

105

(5)

The Church on the Defensive

110

(2)

The Shock of Darwinism (1896)

110

(1)

Henry Ward Beecher Accepts Evolution (1886)

111

(1)

The Anti-Saloon Crusade

112

(3)

Frances Willard Prays in a Saloon (1874)

112

(2)

Samuel Gompers Defends the Saloon (c. 1896)

114

(1)

The Changing Role of Women

115

(11)

Victoria Woodhull Advocates Free Love (1871)

115

(2)

The Life of a Working Girl (1905)

117

(3)

An Italian Immigrant Woman Faces Life Alone in the Big City (c. 1896)

120

(2)

Jane Addams Demands the Vote for Women (1910)

122

(4)

The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865--1890

126

(30)

The Plight of the Indian

126

(11)

Harper's Weekly Decries the Battle of the Little Big Horn (1876)

126

(2)

She Walks with Her Shawl Remembers the Little Big Horn (1876)

128

(2)

Chief Joseph's Lament (1879)

130

(2)

Theodore Roosevelt Downgrades the Indians (1885)

132

(1)

Carl Schurz Proposes to ``Civilize'' the Indians (1881)

133

(2)

A Native American Tries to Walk the White Man's Road (1890s)

135

(2)

The Crusade for Free Homesteads

137

(4)

``Vote Yourself a Farm'' (1846)

137

(1)

A Texan Scorns Futile Charity (1852)

138

(1)

President James Buchanan Kills a Homestead Bill (1860)

139

(2)

Life on the Frontier

141

(8)

Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way (1868)

141

(1)

A Pioneer Woman Describes the Overland Trail (1862)

142

(2)

Opening Montana (1867)

144

(2)

Sodbusters in Kansas (1877)

146

(2)

John Wesley Powell Reports on ``The Arid Region'' (1879)

148

(1)

The Farmer's Protest Movement

149

(7)

An Iowan Assesses Discontent (1893)

149

(1)

Mrs. Mary Lease Raises More Hell (c. 1890)

150

(1)

William Allen White Attacks the Populists (1896)

151

(5)

The Revolt of the Debtor, 1889--1900

156

(22)

The Tariff Issue

156

(3)

Congressman McKinley Pleads for Protection (1890)

156

(1)

Roger Mills Challenges McKinley (1890)

157

(2)

The Pullman Strike

159

(3)

A Populist Condemns George Pullman (1894)

159

(1)

Pullman Defends His Company (1894)

160

(1)

Starvation at Pullman (1894)

161

(1)

The Free-Silver Mirage

162

(3)

Coin's Financial School (1894)

162

(1)

William Jennings Bryan's Cross of Gold (1896)

163

(2)

The Populist Crusade in the South

165

(6)

Tom Watson Supports a Black-White Political Alliance (1892)

165

(3)

A Black-Alliance Man Urges Interracial Cooperation (1891)

168

(1)

The Wilmington Massacre (1898)

169

(2)

The Spread of Segregation

171

(3)

The Supreme Court Declares That Separate Is Equal (1896)

171

(2)

A Justice of the Peace Denies Justice (1939)

173

(1)

The Triumph of McKinley

174

(4)

The ``Anarchists'' Lose Out (1896)

174

(1)

Bryan's Afterthoughts (1896)

175

(1)

The London Standard Rejoices (1896)

176

(2)

The Path of Empire, 1890--1899

178

(12)

Yellow Journalism in Flower

178

(2)

Joseph Pulitzer Demands Intervention (1897)

178

(1)

William Randolph Hearst Stages a Rescue (1897)

179

(1)

The Declaration of War

180

(3)

President McKinley Submits a War Message (1898)

180

(2)

Professor Charles Eliot Norton's Patriotic Protest (1898)

182

(1)

The Sordid Little War

183

(2)

Rough Times for Rough Riders (1898)

183

(1)

Disillusionment over the Cubans (1898)

184

(1)

The Siren Song of Imperialism

185

(5)

McKinley Prays for Guidance (1898)

185

(1)

Professor William Sumner Spurns Empire (1898)

186

(2)

Albert Beveridge Trumpets Imperialism (1898)

188

(2)

America on the World Stage, 1899--1909

190

(14)

The Bitter Fruits of Imperialism

190

(5)

Albert Beveridge Deplores Unpatriotic Talk (1900)

190

(1)

William Jennings Bryan Vents His Bitterness (1901)

191

(1)

The Nation Denounces Atrocities (1902)

192

(1)

A San Francisco Weekly Defends the Army (1902)

193

(2)

The Panama Revolution

195

(3)

John Hay Twists Colombia's Arm (1903)

195

(1)

Theodore Roosevelt Hopes for Revolt (1903)

196

(1)

Official Connivance in Washington (1903)

196

(2)

The Monroe Doctrine in the Caribbean

198

(3)

Roosevelt Launches a Corollary (1904)

198

(1)

A Latin American Protests (1943)

199

(2)

Roosevelt and Japan

201

(3)

President Roosevelt Anticipates Trouble (1905)

201

(1)

Japan Resents Discrimination (1906)

202

(1)

The Gentleman's Agreement (1908)

202

(2)

Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901--1912

204

(28)

The Heyday of Muckraking

204

(3)

Exposing the Meat Packers (1906)

204

(2)

Theodore Roosevelt Roasts Muckrakers (1906)

206

(1)

Corruption in the Cities

207

(4)

Lincoln Steffens Bares Philadelphia Bossism (1904)

207

(3)

George Washington Plunkitt Defends ``Honest Graft'' (1905)

210

(1)

The Plight of Labor

211

(6)

From the Depths (1906)

211

(2)

George Baer's Divine Right of Plutocrats (1902)

213

(1)

Child Labor in the Coal Mines (1906)

213

(2)

Sweatshop Hours for Bakers (1905)

215

(1)

Unhealthful Work for Women (1912)

216

(1)

The Conservation Crusade

217

(7)

Roosevelt Saves the Forests (1907)

217

(2)

The West Protests Conservation (1907)

219

(1)

Gifford Pinchot Advocates Damming the Hetch Hetchy Valley (1913)

220

(1)

John Muir Damns the Hetch Hetchy Dam (1912)

221

(2)

``Beauty as Against Use'' (1920s)

223

(1)

The Crusade for Women's Suffrage

224

(8)

Senator Robert Owen Supports Women (1910)

224

(1)

A Woman Assails Women's Suffrage (1910)

225

(3)

Images of the Suffrage Campaign (1900-1915)

228

(4)

Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad, 1912--1916

232

(17)

The Election of 1912

232

(4)

Theodore Roosevelt Proposes Government Regulation (1912)

232

(2)

Woodrow Wilson Asks for ``a Free Field and No Favor'' (1912)

234

(2)

Campaigning for Monetary Reform

236

(4)

Louis Brandeis Indicts Interlocking Directorates (1914)

236

(1)

J. P. Morgan Denies a Money Trust (1913)

237

(1)

William McAdoo Exposes the Bankers (c. 1913)

238

(2)

Moral Meddling in Mexico

240

(4)

Wilson Asks for War on General Huerta (1914)

240

(2)

A Republican Assails ``Watchful Waiting'' (1916)

242

(2)

Acquiescing in the British Blockade

244

(5)

Lord Bryce's Propaganda Report (1915)

244

(1)

Walter Page Plays Britain's Game (c. 1915)

245

(1)

Robert Lansing's Pro-Ally Tactics (c. 1916)

246

(3)

The War to End War, 1917--1918

249

(26)

War with Germany

249

(3)

President Wilson Breaks Diplomatic Relations (1917)

249

(2)

Representative Claude Kitchin Assails the War Resolution (1917)

251

(1)

The War for the American Mind

252

(5)

Un-Christlike Preachers (1918)

252

(1)

Abusing the Pro-Germans (1918)

253

(1)

Robert La Follette Demands His Rights (1917)

254

(2)

Zechariah Chafee Upholds Free Speech (1919)

256

(1)

The Propaganda Front

257

(6)

George Creel Spreads Fear Propaganda (c. 1918)

257

(1)

Woodrow Wilson Versus Theodore Roosevelt on the Fourteen Points (1918)

258

(5)

The Face of War

263

(5)

General John Pershing Defines American Fighting Tactics (1917-1918)

263

(3)

A ``Doughboy'' Describes the Fighting Front (1918)

266

(2)

The Struggle over the Peace Treaty

268

(7)

The Text of Article X (1919)

268

(1)

Wilson Testifies for Article X (1919)

269

(1)

The Lodge-Hitchcock Reservations (1919)

270

(1)

The Aborted Lodge Compromise (1919)

271

(1)

Wilson Defeats Henry Cabot Lodge's Reservations (1919)

272

(1)

Lodge Blames Wilson (1919)

273

(2)

American Life in the ``Roaring Twenties,'' 1919--1929

275

(19)

The Revival of Antiforeignism

275

(4)

William A. White Condemns Deportations (1922)

275

(1)

Bartolomeo Vanzetti Condemns Judge Thayer (1927)

276

(2)

Walter Lippmann Pleads for Sacco and Vanzetti (1927)

278

(1)

The Reconstituted Ku Klux Klan

279

(2)

Tar-Bucket Terror in Texas (1921)

279

(1)

A Methodist Editor Clears the Klan (1923)

280

(1)

The Wets Versus the Drys

281

(4)

A German Observes Bootlegging (1928)

281

(1)

Fiorello La Guardia Pillories Prohibition (1926)

282

(2)

The WCTU Upholds Prohibition (1926)

284

(1)

New Goals for Women

285

(9)

Margaret Sanger Campaigns for Birth Control (1920)

285

(2)

The Lynds Discover Changes in the Middle-American Home (1929)

287

(3)

The Supreme Court Declares That Women Are Different from Men (1908)

290

(2)

The Supreme Court Declares That Men and Women Are Equal (1923)

292

(2)

The Politics of Boom and Bust, 1920--1932

294

(16)

Warren Harding and the Washington Conference

294

(3)

President Harding Hates His Job (c. 1922)

294

(1)

William Randolph Hearst Blasts Disarmament at Washington (1922)

295

(1)

Japan Resents the Washington Setback (1922)

296

(1)

The Depression Descends

297

(4)

The Plague of Plenty (1932)

297

(2)

Distress in the South (1932)

299

(1)

Rumbles of Revolution (1932)

300

(1)

Herbert Hoover Clashes with Franklin Roosevelt

301

(6)

On Public Versus Private Power (1932)

301

(2)

On Government in Business (1932)

303

(1)

On Balancing the Budget (1932)

304

(2)

On Restricted Opportunity (1932)

306

(1)

An Appraisal of Hoover

307

(3)

Hoover Defends His Record (1932)

307

(1)

Roosevelt Indicts Hoover (1932)

308

(2)

The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1933--1938

310

(26)

The Face of the Great Depression

310

(6)

Cesar Chavez Gets Tractored off the Land (1936)

310

(1)

A Salesman Goes on Relief (1930s)

311

(3)

A Boy in Chicago Writes to President Roosevelt (1936)

314

(1)

Hard Times in a North Carolina Cotton Mill (1938-1939)

314

(2)

An Enigma in the White House

316

(3)

The Agreeable FDR (1949)

316

(1)

Coffee for the Veterans (1933)

317

(1)

FDR the Administrative ``Artist'' (1948)

317

(2)

Voices of Protest

319

(7)

Senator Huey P. Long Wants Every Man to Be a King (1934)

319

(2)

Father Coughlin Demands ``Social Justice'' (1934, 1935)

321

(3)

Norman Thomas Proposes Socialism (1934)

324

(1)

Dr. Francis E. Townsend Promotes Old-Age Pensions (1933)

325

(1)

The Struggle to Organize Labor

326

(3)

Tom Girdler Girds for Battle (1937)

326

(2)

John Lewis Lambasts Girdler (1937)

328

(1)

The Supreme Court Fight and After

329

(7)

Harold Ickes Defends His Chief (1937)

329

(1)

Dorothy Thompson Dissents (1937)

330

(2)

Republicans Roast Roosevelt (1940)

332

(1)

Assessing the New Deal (1935, 1936)

333

(3)

Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War, 1933--1941

336

(24)

The Struggle Against Isolationism

336

(8)

Two Views of Isolationism (1936, 1938)

336

(2)

Roosevelt Pleads for Repeal of the Arms Embargo (1939)

338

(1)

Senator Arthur Vandenberg Fights Repeal (1939)

339

(2)

Charles Lindbergh Argues for Isolation (1941)

341

(1)

The New York Times Rejects Insulationism (1941)

342

(2)

The Lend-Lease Controversy

344

(3)

FDR Drops the Dollar Sign (1940)

344

(1)

Senator Burton Wheeler Assails Lend-Lease (1941)

345

(1)

William Randolph Hearst Denounces Aid to the Soviet Union (1941)

346

(1)

War in the Atlantic

347

(4)

Framing the Atlantic Charter (1941)

347

(1)

The Chicago Tribune Is Outraged (1941)

348

(1)

FDR Proclaims Shoot-at-Sight (1941)

349

(2)

Blowup in the Pacific

351

(4)

Harold Ickes Prepares to ``Raise Hell'' (1941)

351

(1)

Togo Blames the United States (1952)

352

(2)

Cordell Hull Justifies His Stand (1948)

354

(1)

The Blame for Pearl Harbor

355

(5)

War Warnings from Washington (1941)

355

(1)

Admiral H. E. Kimmel Defends Himself (1946)

356

(1)

Secretary Henry Stimson Charges Negligence (1946)

357

(1)

Franklin Roosevelt Awaits the Blow (1941)

358

(2)

America in World War II, 1941--1945

360

(22)

War and American Society

360

(10)

The War Transforms the Economy (1943)

360

(3)

A Japanese-American Is Convicted (1943)

363

(3)

A Black American Ponders the War's Meaning (1942)

366

(2)

A Woman Remembers the War (1984)

368

(2)

Soviet-American Friction

370

(4)

Communists Distrust Capitalists (1946)

370

(2)

Joseph Stalin Resents Second-Front Delays (1943)

372

(1)

Roosevelt Manges ``Uncle Joe'' (1943)

373

(1)

The ``Unconditional Surrender'' Controversy

374

(3)

Robert Sherwood Defends FDR (1948)

374

(2)

Cordell Hull Opposes Unconditional Surrender (1948)

376

(1)

Dropping the Atomic Bomb

377

(5)

Japan's Horrified Reaction (1945)

377

(1)

The Christian Century Deplores the Bombing (1945)

378

(2)

Harry Truman Justifies the Bombing (1945)

380

(2)

The Cold War Begins, 1945--1952

382

(41)

The New Shape of Postwar Society

383

(6)

Dr. Benjamin Spock Advises the Parents of the Baby-Boom Generation (1957)

383

(2)

A Working Mother Lauds the New ``Two-Income Family'' (1951)

385

(2)

The Move to Suburbia (1954)

387

(2)

The Yalta Agreements

389

(6)

Franklin Roosevelt ``Betrays'' China and Japan (1945)

389

(2)

The Freeman's Bill of Indictment (1947)

391

(2)

Secretary Edward Stettinius Defends Yalta (1949)

393

(2)

The Truman Doctrine

395

(9)

George Kennan Proposes Containment (1946)

395

(3)

Harry Truman Appeals to Congress (1947)

398

(1)

The Chicago Tribune Dissents (1947)

399

(2)

The World Through Soviet Eyes (1946)

401

(3)

The Marshall Plan

404

(4)

Secretary George Marshall Speaks at Harvard (1947)

404

(1)

Senator Arthur Vandenberg Is Favorable (1947, 1948)

405

(1)

Moscow's Misrepresentations (c. 1947)

406

(2)

The China Tangle

408

(3)

Secretary Dean Acheson Drops Jiang Jieshi (1949)

408

(1)

Senator Joseph McCarthy Blasts ``Traitors (1952)

409

(2)

The Korean Crisis and NSC-68

411

(7)

Senator Tom Connally Writes Off Korea (1950)

411

(1)

Truman Accepts the Korean Challenge (1950)

412

(1)

NSC-68 Offers a Blueprint for the Cold War (1950)

413

(3)

Secretary Acheson Defends NSC-68 (1969)

416

(2)

The Sacking of General Douglas MacArthur

418

(5)

Truman Asserts Civil Supremacy (1951)

418

(2)

MacArthur Calls for Victory (1951)

420

(1)

Truman Looks Beyond Victory (1951)

421

(2)

The Eisenhower Era, 1952--1960

423

(30)

A New Look in Foreign Policy

423

(4)

Secretary John Foster Dulles Warns of Massive Retaliation (1954)

423

(3)

President Eisenhower Calls for ``Open Skies'' (1955)

426

(1)

The McCarthy Hysteria

427

(5)

Joseph McCarthy Upholds Guilt by Association (1952)

427

(2)

A Senator Speaks Up (1950)

429

(1)

McCarthy Inspires Fear at Harvard (1959)

430

(2)

The Supreme Court and the Black Revolution

432

(9)

The Court Rejects Segregation (1954)

432

(1)

One Hundred Representatives Dissent (1956)

433

(1)

Eisenhower Sends Federal Troops (1957)

434

(2)

The Arkansas Democrat Protests (1958)

436

(1)

A Black Newspaper Praises Courage (1958)

437

(1)

Martin Luther King, Jr., Asks for the Ballot (1957)

438

(3)

The Promise and Problems of a Consumer Society

441

(8)

The Editors of Fortune Celebrate American Affluence (1955)

441

(4)

John Kenneth Galbraith Criticizes the Affluent Society (1958)

445

(2)

Newton Minow Criticizes the ``Vast Wasteland'' of Television (1961)

447

(2)

Eisenhower Says Farewell (1961)

449

(4)

The Stormy Sixties, 1960--1968

453

(47)

The Cuban Missile Crisis

453

(5)

President Kennedy Proclaims a ``Quarantine'' (1962)

453

(2)

Premier Khrushchev Proposes a Swap (1962)

455

(1)

Kennedy Advances a Solution (1962)

456

(1)

The Soviets Save Face (1962)

456

(2)

President Johnson's Great Society

458

(5)

Michael Harrington Discovers Another America (1962)

458

(2)

President Johnson Declares War on Poverty (1964)

460

(2)

War on the Antipoverty War (1964)

462

(1)

The Black Revolution Erupts

463

(17)

Students Sit In For Equality (1960)

463

(4)

Riders for Freedom (1961)

467

(4)

Martin Luther King, Jr., Writes from a Birmingham Jail (1963)

471

(3)

President Johnson Supports Civil Rights (1965)

474

(4)

A Conservative Denounces Black Rioters (1965)

478

(2)

Vietnam Troubles

480

(11)

The Joint Chiefs of Staff Propose a Wider War (1964)

480

(2)

President Johnson Asserts His War Aims (1965)

482

(1)

The British Prime Minister Criticizes U.S. Bombing (1965)

483

(1)

Defense Secretary Robert McNamara Foresees a Stalemate (1965)

484

(1)

Secretary McNamara Opposes Further Escalation (1966)

485

(3)

The Soldiers' War (1966)

488

(2)

The Dilemma of Vietnam (1966)

490

(1)

The Politics of Protest in the 1960s

491

(9)

Students for a Democratic Society Issues a Manifesto (1962)

491

(2)

The Young Americans for Freedom Make a Statement (1960)

493

(1)

A War Protester Decides to Resist the Draft (1966)

494

(2)

Stewart Alsop Senses the End of an Era (1970)

496

(4)

The Stalemated Seventies, 1968--1980

500

(31)

Richard Nixon's Cambodian Coup

500

(8)

The President Defends His Incursion (1970)

500

(2)

The St. Louis Post-Dispatch Dissents (1970)

502

(2)

Henry Kissinger Dissects the Dissenters (1979)

504

(4)

Winding Down the Vietnam War

508

(6)

Nixon's Grand Plan in Foreign Policy (1968--1969)

508

(2)

Nixon's Address to the Nation (1973)

510

(2)

Canadians See Neither Peace nor Honor (1973)

512

(1)

The Expulsion from Vietnam (1975)

513

(1)

The Supreme Court ``Coddles'' Criminals

514

(6)

The Outlawing of Third-Degree Confessions (1966)

514

(2)

The Minority Supports the Police (1966)

516

(1)

A Green Light for Criminals (1966)

517

(2)

President Nixon Outlines His Judicial Philosophy (1971)

519

(1)

The Move to Impeach Nixon

520

(11)

The First Article of Impeachment (1974)

520

(2)

Impeachment as a Partisan Issue (1974)

522

(1)

Nixon Incriminates Himself (1972)

523

(4)

A Critical Canadian Viewpoint (1974)

527

(2)

Nixon Accepts a Presidential Pardon (1974)

529

(2)

The Resurgence of Conservatism, 1980--1996

531

(46)

The Reagan ``Revolution'' in Economic Policy

532

(7)

The Supply-Side Gospel (1984)

532

(2)

President Reagan Asks for a Tax Cut (1981)

534

(3)

The New York Times Attacks Reagan's Policies (1981)

537

(2)

Reagan's Foreign Policies

539

(17)

Reagan Sees Red in Nicaragua (1986)

539

(5)

A Journalist Urges Caution in Nicaragua (1986)

544

(3)

An Editor Analyzes the Iran-Contra Affair (1987)

547

(3)

Four Views on the End of the Cold War (1994)

550

(6)

Social Issues Enter Politics

556

(6)

Newt Gingrich and Lowell Weicker Debate School Prayer (1984)

556

(2)

The Agonizing Debate over Abortion (1984)

558

(4)

A Philosophy for Neoconservatism

562

(4)

Editor Irving Kristol Defines Neoconservatism (1983)

562

(2)

Journalist Peter Steinfels Criticizes the Neoconservatives (1979)

564

(2)

Assessing the Reagan Presidency

566

(11)

Author Frances FitzGerald Laments the Reagan Legacy (1988)

566

(5)

Columnist Robert Samuelson Praises the Reagan Record (1989)

571

(4)

The Reagan Revolution in Historical Context (1982)

575

(2)

The American People Face a New Century

577

An Unequal Society?

577

(6)

Lester Thurow Decries Growing Inequality (1995)

577

(3)

Michael Walzer Sees Danger for Democracy (1996)

580

(3)

American Women: New Roles, New Problems

583

(7)

Nannerl Keohane Analyzes the ``Glass Ceiling'' (1991)

583

(2)

Women Assault The Citadel (1995)

585

(2)

The ``Gender Gap'' in Politics (1996)

587

(3)

The Continuing Debate on Abortion

590

(5)

The Furor over ``Partial-Birth Abortions'' (1996)

590

(2)

A Christian Conservative Urges Moderation (1996)

592

(3)

Social Security and the Looming War Between the Generations

595

(6)

Mortimer B. Zuckerman Foresees a Catastrophe (1996)

595

(2)

The National Review Urges Privatizaiton of Social Security (1996)

597

(1)

A Younger Generation Looks to the Future (1996)

598

(3)

Can the United States Still Afford to Be a Nation of Immigrants?

601

(10)

The Puzzling Economics of Immigration (1996)

601

(4)

Immigration and Poverty (1996)

605

(2)

Clamping Down on Immigrants in California (1994)

607

(2)

Immigrants and the Law (1995)

609

(2)

The Dilemmas of Difference in a Democratic Society

611

The Controversy over Bilingual Education (1995)

611

(3)

Affirmative Action on the Rocks (1996)

614

(2)

Californians Trash Affirmative Action (1996)

616

Constitution of the United States

(1)

Index

A21

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The American Spirit, Volume 2: Since 1865

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Table of Contents

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