Annual Editions: Anthropology 08/09

This Thirty-First Edition of ANNUAL EDITIONS: ANTHROPOLOGY provides convenient, inexpensive access to current articles selected from the best of the public press. Organizational features include: an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; a general introduction; brief overviews for each section; a topical index; and an instructor's resource guide with testing materials. USING ANNUAL EDITIONS IN THE CLASSROOM is offered as a practical guide for instructors. ANNUAL EDITIONS titles are supported by our student website, www.mhcls.com/online.

Preliminary Contents UNIT 1 Anthropological Perspectives 1. 46582 Assault on Paradise,Conrad Phillip Kottak, Assault on Paradise , 2006 An anthropologist's first fieldwork is especially challenging since it involves living in a strange environment with a people whose culture is stranger still. Yet, as Phillip Kottak describes such an experience in a small community in Brazil, the reward is a greater understanding of and appreciation for another culture. 2. 155 Eating Christmas in the Kalahari,Richard Borshay Lee, Natural History , December 1969 Anthropologist Richard Borshay Lee gives an account of the misunderstanding and confusion that often accompanies cross-cultural experience. In this case, he violated a basic principle of the !Kung Bushmen''s social relations food sharing. 3. 40724 Tricking and Tripping: Fieldwork on Prostitution in the Era of AIDS,Claire E. Sterk, Tricking and Tripping: Prostitution in the Era of AIDS , Social Change Press, 2000 As unique as Claire Sterk's report on prostitution may be, she discusses issues common to anthropologists wherever they fieldwork: How does one build trusting relationships with informants and what are an anthropologist's ethical obligations toward them? 4. 43202 Anthropology and Counterinsurgency: The Strange Story of their Curious Relationship,Montgomery McFate, Military Review , March/April 2005 Countering the insurgency in Iraq requires cultural and social knowledge of the adversary. Yet, none of the elements of U.S. national powerdiplomatic, military, intelligence, or economicexplicitly take adversary culture into account in the formation or execution of policy. This cultural knowledge gap has a simple causethe almost total absence of anthropology within the nationalsecurity establishment. 5. 42721 One Hundred Percent American,Ralph Linton, The Study of Man , AppletonCentury Company, 1936 For a complete understanding of American culture, we must acknowledge all of those contributions made by people from distant times and distant places. Given the current debates in Europe and the United States over immigration policy, this "dated," but timely, piece by Ralph Linton reminds us of the importance of diffusion, or borrowing, from one culture to another. UNIT 2 Culture and Communication 6. 42722 Who's Speech is Better?,Donna Jo Napoli, Language Matters: A Guide to Everyday Questions About Language , Oxford University Press, 2003 Although we cannot explicitly state the rules of our language, we do choose to follow different rules in different contexts. Depending on the situation, we manipulate every aspect of language, from simple differences in pronunciation and vocabulary to the more complicated phrasing and sentence structure. 7. 46583 Do You Speak American?,Robert MacNeil, USA Today Magazine , January 2005 It is a common assumption that the mass media is making all Americans speak in a similar manner. Linguists point out, however, that while some national trends in language are apparent, regional speech differences are not only thriving, but in some places they are becoming even more distinctive. 8. 35827 Fighting for Our Lives,Deborah Tannen, The Argument Culture , Random House 1998 In America today, there seems to be a pervasive warlike tone to public dialogue. The prevailing belief is that there are only two sides to an issue and opposition leads to truth. Often, however, an issue is more like a crystal, with many sides, and the truth is in the complex middle, not in the oversimplified extremes. 9. 29629 "I Can''t Even Open My Mouth",Deborah Tannen, I Only Say This Because I Love You , Random House, 2001 Since family members have a long, shared history, what they say in conversationthe messages -echo with meanings from the pastthe metamessages. The metamessage may not be spoken, but its meaning may be gleaned from every aspect of context: the way something is said, who is saying it, or the very fact that it is said at all. 10. 165 Shakespeare in the Bush,Laura Bohannan, Natural History , August/September 1966 It is often claimed that great literature has cross-cultural significance. In this article, Laura Bohannan describes the difficulties she encountered and the lessons she learned as she attempted to relate the story of Hamlet to the Tiv of West Africa in their own language. UNIT 3 The Organization of Society and Culture 11. 13088 Understanding Eskimo Science ,Richard Nelson, Audubon , September/October 1993 The traditional hunters' insights into the world of nature may be different, but it as extensive and profound as that of modern science. 12. 40725 The Inuit Paradox,Patricia Gadsby, Discover , October 2004 The traditional diet of the Far North, with its high-protein, high-fat content, shows that there are no essential foodsonly essential nutrients. 13. 46584 Meeting the Maasai: Messages for Management,Nigel Nicholson, Journal of Management Inquiry , September 2005 By comparing the social organization of the Maasai of East Africa to family-run businesses in the West, Nigel Nicholson is able to see the "best qualities of tribalism" in eachas well as the worst. 14. 46585 Making the Invisible Visible,Douglas P. Fry, The Human Potential for Peace , Oxford University Press, 2006 A comparison of two Zapotec villages shows that children are exposed not only to different levels of aggression within the community learning environments, but also to rather different cultural belief systems having to do with jealousy, the expression of aggression and the importance of living in accordance with the ideal of respect. 15. 40726 Ties that Bind,Peter M. Whiteley, Natural History , November 2004 The Hopi people offer gifts in a much broader range of circumstances than people in Western cultures do, tying individuals and groups to each other and to the realm of the spirits. UNIT 4 Other Families, Other Ways