The Archaeology of Race and Racialization in

With the advent of this book, the ability of archaeologists to contribute to the study of race no longer can be doubted. By focusing on "racialization," the marginalizing process in which racial categories are imposed on groups of people based on some outward characteristic, Charles Orser shows how historical archaeology can contribute to the study of race through the conscious examination of material culture. He demonstrates this in two case studies, one from the Five Points excavation in New York City focusing on an immigrant Irish population, the second from a Chinese laundry in Stockton, California. Orser argues that race has not always been defined by skin color; through time, its meaning has changed. The process of racialization has marked most groups who came to the United States in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; this book demonstrates ways that historical archaeology can contribute to understanding a fundamental element of the American immigrant experience.

Charles E. Orser Jr., distinguished professor of anthropology at Illinois State University, is the author of Race and Practice in Archaeological Interpretation, and the founding editor of the International Journal of Historical Archaeology.

List of Tables	p. vii
List of Figures	p. ix
Foreword	p. xi
Preface	p. xv
Race, Racialization, and Why Archaeologists Should Care	p. 1
Race in American Archaeology	p. 3
Historical Archaeology and Diversity	p. 7
Racialization	p. 9
Racialization and American Historical Archaeologists	p. 15
The Early Years	p. 16
The Middle Years	p. 20
The Recent Years	p. 28
Racialization in Summary	p. 34
Race, Class, and the Archaeology of the Modern World	p. 41
A Question of Scale	p. 41
A Question of Class	p. 44
Epochal Structures	p. 52
Network Relations	p. 54
The Socio-Spatial Dialectic	p. 57
Habitus	p. 57
Capital	p. 59
Fields	p. 61
Modern-World Archaeology and Racialization	p. 64
Seeing Race in Things	p. 66
Racing the Past	p. 70
The Irish in New York City	p. 72
Background of Excavation	p. 73
The Irish at the 472 Pearl Street Tenement	p. 75
Homegrown Habitus	p. 79
Epochal Structures in Irish America	p. 88
Learned Habitus of Race in Irish America	p. 109
Segregating the Irish, New York Style	p. 111
The Material Possessions of the Racialized Irish in a New York Tenement	p. 112
The Chinese in Northern California	p. 125
Background of Excavation	p. 125
The Chinese at 117-123 Channel Street	p. 127
The Chinese in Northern California	p. 130
The Chinese at Home	p. 133
Epochal Structures of Chinese Racialization in America	p. 139
Learned Habitus of Race in Chinese America	p. 158
The Chinese Laundry in Northern California	p. 159
The Materiality of Chinese Racialization in Stockton	p. 164
Race and the Chinese Laundry Workers in Stockton	p. 175
Modern-World Archaeology and Racialization	p. 179
The Role of Structure	p. 181
The Fixity of Identity	p. 182
Bibliography	p. 187
Index	p. 205
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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The Archaeology of Race and Racialization in Historic America

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