The Architecture of the Mind

Peter Carruthers, a leading philosopher of mind, provides a comprehensive development and defense of one of the guiding assumptions of evolutionary psychology: that the human mind is composed of a large number of semi-independent modules. Written with unusual clarity and directness, and surveying an extensive range of research in cognitive science, it will be essential reading for anyone with an interest in the nature and organization of the mind.

Peter Carruthers is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Maryland, College Park.

List of Figures

x

Preface

xi

Acknowledgments

xvi

1 The Case for Massively Modular Models of Mind

1

(64)

1. Introduction: On Modularity

1

(6)

2. What Massive Modularity could not be

7

(5)

3. The Argument from Design

12

(17)

4. The Argument from Animals

29

(7)

5. In Defense of Evolutionary Psychology

36

(8)

6. The Argument from Computational Tractability

44

(9)

7. What does Computational Frugality Really Require?

53

(9)

8. Conclusion

62

(3)

2 The Architecture of Animal Minds

65

(85)

1. Invertebrate Psychology

65

(18)

2. Dual Visual Systems in Mammals (and others)

83

(12)

3. Multiple Belief-Generating Modules

95

(15)

4. The Case Against General Learning

110

(3)

5. Multiple Motivational Modules

113

(7)

6. Multiple Memory Systems

120

(11)

7. The Fragmentation of Action-Control

131

(6)

8. Mental Rehearsal and Practical Reason

137

(11)

9. Conclusion

148

(2)

3 Modules of the Human Mind

150

(61)

1. Against the 'One Major New Adaptation' Hypothesis

151

(16)

2. Physics, Biology, Psychology, and Statistics

167

(7)

3. Mind-Reading and Mental Architecture

174

(12)

4. Language in Mind

186

(2)

5. Imitation and Cultural Accumulation

188

(5)

6. Human Motivational Modules

193

(10)

7. Normative Reasoning and Motivation

203

(7)

8. Conclusion

210

(1)

4 Modularity and Flexibility: The First Steps

211

(66)

1. The Challenges

212

(18)

2. Stimulus Independence and Inner Speech

230

(9)

3. Language as Content-Integrator

239

(3)

4. The Reorientation Data

242

(5)

5. Alternative Theories of Content Flexibility

247

(7)

6. Inner Speech and the Flexibility of Reasoning

254

(9)

7. What the Thesis is and Isn't

263

(13)

8. Conclusion

276

(1)

5 Creative Cognition in a Modular Mind

277

(58)

1. Introduction: Constraints on Theorizing

278

(11)

2. The Creative-Action Theory of Creativity

289

(15)

3. Creativity and Inner Speech

304

(8)

4. Autism and the Evolutionary Functions of Pretence

312

(5)

5. A Contrasting Theory of Pretence and Creativity

317

(7)

6. Creativity and Metaphor

324

(3)

7. Scaling up: Creativity in Adulthood

327

(7)

8. Conclusion

334

(1)

6 The Cognitive Basis of Science

335

(49)

1. What does it take to be a Scientist?

336

(5)

2. The Hunter as Scientist

341

(7)

3. The Child as Scientist?

348

(6)

4. System 2 Reasoning and Science

354

(2)

5. Fodor on Abductive Reason

356

(7)

6. The Anatomy of Abduction

363

(11)

7. Two Kinds of System 2 Belief-Formation

374

(8)

8. Conclusion

382

(2)

7 Distinctively Human Practical Reason

384

(34)

1. The Challenges

384

(3)

2. Normative Modules Again

387

(2)

3. Theoretical Reasoning about Desires and Goods

389

(4)

4. Two Kinds of Practical Reasoning and Intention

393

(4)

5. Desires Versus Reasons

397

(9)

6. The Illusion of Conscious Will

406

(7)

7. Conclusion

413

(1)

8 Conclusion to the Volume

414

(4)

References

418

(31)

Index of Names

449

(10)

Index of Subjects

459

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The Architecture of the Mind

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

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The Architecture of the Mind

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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