Art of the Non-Western World Asia, Africa, Oceania, and the Americas

Art of the Non-Western World: Asia, Africa, Oceania, and the Americas gives students the tools to better understand and appreciate the arts in a global world. It offers an in-depth, contextual exploration of the art from the larger world beyond the European tradition, including painting, sculpture, pottery, graphic arts, and architecture of Asia, the Americas, Africa, Australia, and the Pacific Islands, from the Neolithic to the Contemporary. All new print and electronic versions of Art of the Non-Western World come with access to a full suite of engaging digital learning tools.

Nancy L. Kelker is Professor of Art History at Middle Tennessee State University. A former Associate Curator at of New World/Latin American Art at the San Antonio Museum of Art, she is the author of Mel Casas: Artist as Cultural Adjuster (2014) and the coauthor, with Karen O. Bruhns, of Faking Ancient Mesoamerica (2019) and Faking the Ancient Andes (2009).

Introduction xix
CHAPTER 1. MESOAMERICA
Map of Mesoamerica
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
The Early or Pre-Classic Period (c. 2000 BCE-100 CE)
The Olmec (c. 1500-400 BCE)
Map of Olmec Heartland
La Venta, Mesoamerica's First Art Center (1200-400 BCE)
Monumental Architecture at La Venta
Early Olmec Sculpture
Late Olmec Sculpture
--Visual Comparison: La Venta Altar 4 and San Lorenzo Monument
The Middle or Classic Period (c. 100-900 CE)
Map of Teotihuacan/Maya regions
Teotihuacan (c. 400 BCE-750 CE)
Monumental Architecture and City Planning
--Take a Closer Look: Talud-Tablero Construction
Palaces and Apartments
--Take a Closer Look: The Art of Fresco Painting
Teotihuacan Ceramics
The Maya Realms (250-900 CE)
Tikal, Guatemala (c. 800 bce-850 CE)
Tikal Style Stelae
Lord Jasaw Chan K'awiil and the Tikal Style of Architecture
Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico
Pakal the Great and the Palenque Architectural Style
Maya Mural Painting
--The Late or Post-Classic Period (900-1450 CE)
Post-Classic Maya
Map showing Aztec, Toltec, and Yucatan sites
The Puuc Style in Architecture
Uxmal, Yucatan (700-1100 CE)
The Toltecs (c. 900-1168 CE)
Tula
The Mexica or "Aztecs" (1100-1521 CE)
Religion and Philosophy: Aztec Gods
Tenochtitlan
The Sacred Precinct and Templo Mayor, 1487 CE
The Colonial Period: Native Artists in Mexico (1533-1821 CE)
The Christian-Indigenous Style
Indigenous Artists in the Modern Era (1821-1950 CE)
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 2. SOUTH AMERICA
Map of South America and Isthmus
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
The Early Cultures (2200 BCE-200 CE)
Cerro Sech?n (2200-1600 BCE)
The Central Structure
Chav?n de Hu?ntar (1200-500 BCE)
Early Architecture
Black and White Phase
Late Chavin Sculpture
Paracas (400 BCE-200 CE)
Textiles and Mummy Bundles
Paracas Ceramics
Religion and Philosophy: Andean Pantheons
The Middle Period Cultures (200-1000 CE)
Nasca (200 BCE-650 CE)
Nasca Architecture
Geoglyphs: Nasca Desert Lines and Zoomorphs, c. 500 BCE-500 CE
Nasca Ceramics
Nasca Textiles
Moche (c. 200-850 CE)
The Huacas of Moche
Moche Fineline Painted Ceramics
Moche Modeled Ceramics
Moche Metallurgy
The First Andean Empires (200 BCE-1000 CE)
Tiahuanaco (200 BCE-1000 CE)
Huari (600-1000 CE)
Colombia and the Isthmus (c. 100-1200 CE)
--Take a Closer Look : Seeing the Form in Huari Textiles
San Agustin, Colombia (100-900 CE)
Costa Rica (500-1200 CE)
The Late Period (1200-1550 CE)
Map of Inca Empire
The Inca Empire (c. 1438-1533 CE)
Inca Architecture in Cuzco
Machu Picchu, c. 1450 CE
Inca Rock Carving
Inca Ceramics
Inca Textiles
The Colonial Period
Painting in the Colonial Andes
Tapestries and Weaving in the Colonial Andes
Contemporary Indigenous Artists
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 3. NORTH AMERICA
Map of North America
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
The Early Period (4000-1000 BCE)
Watson Brake, (c. 3500-2800 BCE)
Poverty Point, (c. 1730-1100 BCE)
The Middle Period Cultures (c. 1000 BCE-500 CE)
Adena Culture (500 BCE-500 CE)
The Hopewell Culture (c. 200 BCE-400 CE)
Ancestral Puebloan (50-400 CE)
The Late Period Civilizations (c. 700-1550 CE)
Mississippian Cultures (800-1600 CE)
Cahokia (1050-1350 CE)
Spiro (950-1400 CE)
Etowah, Georgia (c. 950-1550 CE)
Peoples of the Southwest (500-1300 CE)
Ancestral Puebloan (650-1285 CE)
Hohokam (1150-1450 CE)
The Mimbrenos-Mogollon People (c. 1000-1130 CE)
The Colonial Period (c. 1540-1900 CE)
The Southwest
Din? (Navajo) Weaving
California
Pomo Baskets
The Great Plains
Buffalo Hide Paintings
The Northwest Coast
Cedar Plank Houses
Totem Poles and Potlatches
Chilkat Blankets
The Inuit
--Take a Closer Look: Reading Panel Design in Chilkat Blankets
Yupik Winter Ceremonials: Qasgiqs and Masked Dances
Eastern Woodlands
Iroquoian False Face Societies
--Take a Closer Look: The Santa Fe Indian School and Studio Style
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 4. ART OF AFRICA
Map of Africa
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Early Africa (100,000-1000 BCE)
Paleolithic to Neolithic Art (c. 70,000-10,000 BCE)
Rock Shelter Art in Africa (c. 10,000 BCE-1000 CE)
Egypt (c. 7000 BCE-1070 BCE)
The Early Nile Cultures (c. 5500-3100 BCE)
The Early Dynastic Period and the Old Kingdom (c. 3100-2160 BCE)
Architecture in the Old Kingdom (c. 2780-2280 BCE)
Sculpture in the Old Kingdom
Visual Comparison: Conventions of the Ka Statue
The Middle Kingdom (c. 2055-1650 BCE)
The New Kingdom (c. 1570-1070 BCE)
Hatshepsut: Queen and King of Egypt
Akhenaten and the Amarna Revolution
The Land of Kush (3100 BCE-339 CE)
The First and Second Kingdoms
Ancient Ethiopia (c. 500 BCE-1270 CE)
The Kingdom of Aksum (c. 500 BCE-940 CE)
The Zagwe Dynasty (c. 940-1270 CE)
Southeastern Africa (1100-1550 CE)
Great Zimbabwe, c. 1275-1550 CE
The Niger River and the Cultures of West Africa, (500 BCE-1900 CE)
Nok
Igbo-Ukwu
Sacred Il?-If?
The Kingdom of Benin
The Arts in Colonial Africa
Text Box: Islam in Africa: A Comparison of the Mosques of Kairouan and Djenn?
Take a Closer Look: Afro-Portuguese Ivories: The First Tourist Art
The Dogon
The Yoruba
The Asante
Modern Africa
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 5. WEST ASIA
Map of West Asia
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Neolithic West Asia (9000-1500 BCE)
Rock Art of the Jubbah Plain (c. 7000-1500 BCE)
Ancient Jericho (Tell es-Sultan), Palestine (c. 8500-6000 BCE)
?atal H?y?k, Turkey (c. 7500 bce-5700 BCE)
Architecture in ?atal H?y?k
Sculpture in ?atal H?y?k
Ancient Mesopotamia (5500-500 BCE)
Sumer (c. 5400-2350 BCE)
Akkadian Empire (c. 2334-2154 BCE)
Neo-Sumerian Empire (c. 2112-2004 BCE)
Old Babylon (c. 1792-1595 BCE)
Ashur and the Assyrian Empires (c. 2400-609 BCE)
The Neo-Babylonian Empire (c. 626-539 BCE)
Ancient Iran (4000-330 BCE)
Elam (c. 1400-1100 BCE)
Achaemenid Persia (c. 775-330 BCE)
Cyrus II's Pasargadae
Darius I's Persepolis (Takt-e Jamshid)
The Sasanian Persian Empire (224-651 CE)
Religion and Philosophy: Islam
The Islamic Caliphates (632-1258 CE)
The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE)
The Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258 CE)
Abbasid City Design: Baghdad and Samarra
Ottoman Empire (1299-1922 CE)
Ottoman Architecture
Koca Mimar Sinan (c. 1489/90-1588 CE)
Miniature Painting under the Ottomans
Visual Comparison: Mosque Layouts
Safavid Persia (c. 1501-1722 CE)
Contemporary Islamic Art
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 6. INDIA
Map of India
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
The Indus Valley Civilization (3300-300 BCE)
Indus Architecture
Indus Sculpture
Indus Valley Seals
The Evolution of Indus Civilization
The Maurya Empire (322 BCE-185 CE)
Religion and Philosophy: Santana Dharma or Hinduism
Religion and Philosophy: Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism
The Kushan Empire (135 BCE-280 CE)
The Gupta Dynasty (320-486 CE)
Religion and Philosophy: Lakshana of the Buddha
The Hindu Temple (600-1665 CE)
Dravida or Southern Style Temples
Hindu Temple Sculpture: Chola Bronzes
The Nagara or Northern Style Hindu Temples
Muslim India (1175-1707 CE)
The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 CE)
The Mughal Empire (1526-1707 CE)
The Mughal School of Miniature Painting
Mughal Architecture
The British Raj (1858-1947)
--Visual Comparison: Gur Emir, Tomb of Humayun, and Taj Mahal
Map of British Controlled Territory in India
Indian Art after Independence (1947-)
Pakistani Art after Independence (1947-)
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 7. SOUTHEAST ASIA
Map of Southeast Asia
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Neolithic Southeast Asia (4,000 BCE-300 CE)
Ban Chiang Culture (c. 3600 BCE-200 CE)
Sa Huynh Culture (1000 BCE-200 CE)
Dong Son Culture (c. 600 BCE-200 CE)
Indianization and Sinification in Medieval Southeast Asia (c. 500-1500)
The Khmer Empire, Cambodia (802-1431 CE)
Angkor Wat, c. 1113-1145 CE
Visual Comparison: Angkor Temples
Kingdom of Sukhothai, Thailand (1238-1438 CE)
Kingdom of Ayutthaya (1351-1767 CE)
Maritime Southeast Asia: Indonesia (700-900 CE)
Islam in Southeast Asia
Sinification in Vietnam
Vietnamese Ceramics
Colonialism, Nationalism, and Modern Art in Southeast Asia (1511-1947)
Independent Thailand: The Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782-1932 CE)
Academies in Colonial Southeast Asia
Colonial Architecture
Contemporary Art in Southeast Asia
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 8. CHINA
Map of China
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Neolithic China (c. 18,000-2,000 BCE)
Yangshao Culture (c. 5000-3000 BCE)
The Three Dynasties Period (2070-221 BCE)
--Take a Closer Look: Chinese Jade Kong and Bi
The Xia Dynasty (c. 2070-1600 BCE)
The Shang Dynasty (1766-1111 BCE)
Shang Bronzes
Text Box: Piece-mold Casting
The Zhou (1100-221 BCE)
Western Zhou Period (1100-771 BCE)
Eastern Zhou Period (770-221 BCE)
Spring and Autumn Period (771-476 BCE)
The Warring States Period (476-221 BCE)
Religion and Philosophy: Confucianism and later Neo-Confucianism
The Qin Empire (221-207 BCE)
The Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE)
Han Tombs
The Period of Disunity (220-581 CE)
The Northern Wei (396-589 CE)
--Visual Comparison: Gandharan Influences on Early Chinese Buddhist Art
The Six Dynasties (222-589 CE)
The Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE)
Tang Ceramics
Tang Painting
Buddhist Art in the Tang Dynasty
The Sung Dynasty (960-1279 CE)
Northern Sung Painting (c. 960-1126 CE)
Take a Closer Look: Painting Formats in East Asia
Southern Sung Painting (c. 1127-1279 CE)
Buddhist Art during the Southern Sung
The Yuan (Mongolian) Dynasty (1279-1368)
The Literati Painters
The Ming or "Radiant" Dynasty (1368-1644)
Painting in the Ming Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty (1644 ce-1911 CE)
The People's Republic of China (1949-)
Art after Mao (1976-)
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
CHAPTER 9. KOREA AND JAPAN
Map of Korea and Japan
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Neolithic Korea (8000-1500 BCE)
Three Kingdoms Period (c. 57 BCE-668 CE)
Kingdom of Goguryeo (37 BCE-668 CE)
Baekje (18 bce-660 CE)
Silla and Unified Silla Kingdoms (57 BCE-935 CE)
The Unified Silla (668-935 CE)
The Later Three Kingdoms and the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392 CE)
Great Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910)
Silhak Movement
Korean Art in the Modern Era
Neolithic Japan (12,000-300 BCE)
The Yayoi Period (900 BCE-300 CE)
The Kofun Period (250-538 CE)
The Asuka Period (c. 538-710)
Religion and Art: Shinto, the Way of the Gods
Shintoism in Japan
Buddhism in Japan
Visual Comparison: Korean influence on Tori Busshi's Shakya Triad
The Nara Period (710-784 CE)
Heian Period (794-1185 CE)
Take a Closer Look: Single Block and Joined-Block Carving
The Kamakura Period (1192-1333 CE)
The Muromachi Period (1336-1573 CE)
Zen Buddhism
Take a Closer Look: Sen no Rikyu's Taian Teahouse c. 1582-1583 CE
Azuchi-Momoyama Period (1573-1603 CE)
The Edo Period (1603-1867)
The Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Post-War Japan (1926-)
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
Quick Pronunciation Guide
CHAPTER 10. OCEANIA
Map of Australia and the Pacific Islands
Brief Overview
Chapter Objectives
Timeline
Australia
Early Rock Art
Mimi Paintings
X-Ray Style Paintings
Rock Engravings
Bark Paintings
Modern and Contemporary Aboriginal Art (1930-)
The Hermannsburg Painters (1934-1960)
The Western Desert Art Movement (1972-)
Utopia Settlement and Women Painters (1988-)
Melanesia
New Guinea
The Asmat
--Take a Closer Look: Anatomy of an Asmat Bis Pole
The Massim Area
The Sepik River Cultures
Iatmul
Abelam
New Ireland and the Tabar Islands
Malangan
Contemporary Art in Melanesia
Micronesia
Map of Micronesia
Polynesia
Samoa and the Art of Barkcloth
Hawaii and the Art of Featherwork
Rapa Nui and the Moai
Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the Art of the Maori Marae
Maori Modernism
Chapter Quick Review
Chapter Questions
Key Terms and Figures
Quick Pronunciation Guide
Bibliography
Photo Credits
Index