Basic Radio Journalism

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ISBN: 9780240519265 | 0240519264
Cover: Nonspecific Binding
Copyright: 6/23/2003

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Basic Radio Journalism is a working manual and practical guide to the tools and techniques necessary to succeed in radio journalism. It will be useful both to students starting a broadcasting career as well as experienced journalists wishing to develop and expand their skills. Based on the popular Local Radio Journalism, this book covers the core skills of news gathering, writing, interviewing, reporting and reading with extensive hints and tips. It outlines working practices in both BBC and commercial radio. There are revamped legal and technical sections as well as a new chapter on the journalist as programme producer. For the student, there is extensive advice about getting a job, marketing yourself and dealing with job interviews. The Foreword is by Lord Ryder of Wensum, vice chairman of the BBC.

Foreword by Lord Ryder of Wensum, Vice Chairman, BBC

xiii

Preface

Acknowledgements

xix

Chapter 1 The structure of UK radio

(8)

Overview

(1)

National radio

(1)

Local radio

(1)

BBC local radio

(1)

Commercial local radio

(1)

Digital radio

(1)

Cable and satellite

(1)

Internet radio

(1)

Restricted Service Licences

(1)

Access radio

(1)

Pirate radio

(1)

Chapter 2 Working in radio

(16)

Understanding radio

(2)

Radio versus newspapers and television; Speed and simplicity; Making pictures; Person-to-person; Localness

The making of a broadcaster

(3)

Qualities of a good radio journalist; Starting out

Getting the job

(5)

Work experience; Local newspapers; Hospital radio; Student radio; College courses; BBC training schemes; Traffic and travel broadcasting; Restricted service stations; Freelancing

Marketing yourself

(3)

The CV and demo; Persistence

The job interview

(3)

Preparation; Nerves; Body language; Journalistic tests; Awkward questions; Thank you!

Chapter 3 News gathering

(25)

The newsroom structure

(3)

Head of News or News Editor; Bulletin Editor; Senior Broadcast Journalist or News Producer; Broadcast journalist or reporter; One journalist newsrooms; Television journalists

National news

(5)

Radio news agencies; Local intake; Data feeds; Live bulletins; Television audio; Wire services

Sources of local news

(9)

The emergency services; News releases; Audio news releases; Public utilities; Politicians and councillors; Listeners; Colleagues; Pressure groups; Freelance journalists and agencies; 'Rivals'; Your own station; The Internet

Planning and developing stories

(5)

The newsroom diary; Newsdesk resource management; Developing stories; Newsroom contacts; Resisting pressure; Embargoes

Story treatment

(3)

Copy; Interviews; Voicers or voice pieces; Cuts, clips and soundbites; Wraps and packages; Newsroom style guide

Chapter 4 News writing

(21)

Telling the story

(4)

For the ear not the eye; Keep it short; Keep it simple; Keep it happening now; Keep adjectives to a minimum; Talk to yourself

Language and grammar

(1)

Writing devices

(7)

Contractions; Punctuation; Jargon; Journalese; Clichés; Americanisms; Names; Dates; Numbers; Comparisons

Cues

(4)

The topline; Going into detail; Into the audio; The audio cut; Cue layout

Avoiding offence

(1)

Putting stories in context

(4)

Attribution; Exaggeration; Cause and effect; Casualty figures; Organizations; Titles; Descriptions; The truth

Chapter 5 News bulletins

(11)

The news agenda

(4)

Your target listener; Socio-economic groups; Relevance; Quality versus quantity; Place names; The 'life' of a story

Bulletin styles

(3)

'Infotainment'; Youth stations; Versioned bulletins; Regional bulletins; The hub; Pre-recorded bulletins; Multi versions

Bulletin essentials

(4)

Accuracy; Taste; Balance and fairness; Tone; Comment; Signposting; Experts; Kickers

Chapter 6 News presentation

(21)

Reading the news

(10)

Sound interested; Understand the story; Check and rehearse; Technically speaking; Breathe in ... and relax; Keep level; Tone; Microphone technique; Speed; Stress; Quotations; Corrections; Pronunciation; Listen

Self-op bulletins

(5)

Getting ready; In the studio; Here is the news ...; Clock end bulletins; When things go wrong ...

Breaking news stories

(3)

'We're getting reports that ... '; Going open-ended

Specialized presentation

100

(3)

Personality news presenters; The 'zoo'

Chapter 7 Technicalities

103

(22)

Audio recording

103

(3)

Digital recording

Audio editing

106

(3)

Digital editing

Computerized newsrooms

109

(1)

The paper free and tape free environment

Studios

109

(8)

Headphones; Microphones; Playout systems

Audio and actuality

117

(8)

Sound quality; Sound edits; Dubbing; Levels and equalization; Location interviews; Studio interviews; Telephone interviews; Telephone versus quality audio; Studio discipline; Talkback

Chapter 8 Interviewing

125

(15)

Types of interview

125

(2)

Informational interviews; Interpretive interviews; Emotional interviews

Interview preparation

127

(2)

Location; 'What did you have for breakfast?'; Watch the language

Question technique

129

(5)

Eye contact; Listening to answers; Asking one thing at a time, Leading questions; Cliché questions; Coaching interviewees; One-word answers; After the interview; Thanks

Special interviews

134

(6)

Live interviews; Vox pops; News conferences and 'scrums'; Unattended studios; Interviewing other reporters; Interviewing children; Interviews with criminals; Interviewing witnesses; Interviewing victims or their relatives; Interviewing politicians; When interviews are refused

Chapter 9 News reporting

140

(10)

The radio reporter

140

(2)

The briefing; Fixing ahead; Working to deadlines

On location

142

(2)

What to do first; Eyewitness accounts; Dealing with officials; Dealing with other reporters

Filing material

144

(3)

Getting on the air; On-the-spot voicers; Q-and-As; Live reports; 'Car park' voicers

Audio production

147

(3)

Choosing the cut; Wrapping or packaging; Writing cues

Chapter 10 Newsdesk management

150

(21)

Running the newsdesk

150

(3)

Getting organized; Labelling audio and scripts; Getting organized with computers; Taking audio; Deadlines

Bulletin construction

153

(6)

Finding the lead; The rest of the bulletin; Avoiding repetition; Judging editorial priorities; Follow that story ...!; Developing the story; Breaking the rules; Flash that snap ... !

Other newsdesk duties

159

(12)

The network; Check calls; Headlines and teasers; Allocating reporters; Giving orders; Priorities; Coping with crisis; Weather news; Travel news; Stormlines and snowlines; Bomb threats; News blackouts; Defence advisory notices; Reporting suicides; Fooling around

Chapter 11 Legalities

171

(20)

Libel

172

(1)

Libel defences

172

(4)

The best defence; The truth; No identification, Consent, Death; One year; Fair comment; Privilege; Accord and satisfaction

Different kinds of libel

176

(2)

Indirect libel; Nameless libel; Unintentional libel; Criminal libel; Problem areas

Contempt

178

(5)

A step-by-step guide to contempt

Court reporting

183

(4)

Basic rules; Reporting restrictions; Sexual offences; Children and young people; Jigsaw identification

Other cases

187

(4)

Civil law; Inquests; Official secrets; Injunctions

Chapter 12 Newsroom management

191

(16)

Resources

191

(3)

Rotas; Budgets; Estimating costs; Cutting costs

Complaints

194

(5)

Phoned complaints; Correcting errors; Solicitors; Regulatory authorities; Privacy

Winning audiences

199

(8)

Audience figures; Targeting audiences; Presentation formats; Promos; Sponsorship

Chapter 13 Small newsrooms

207

(7)

Setting up

207

(3)

First tasks; Making contacts; Technical requirements; Filing systems; Calls list

Going on air

210

(2)

Preparing for the first day; Getting exclusives

Recruiting staff

212

(2)

Training and coaching

Chapter 14 Programme production

214

(9)

The Producer

214

(1)

Responsibilities; Qualities

Preparation

215

(1)

Programme items; Treatments; Running orders; Pot points

Fixing guests

216

(4)

Choosing guests; Approaching potential guests

Studio production

220

(3)

Think ahead; Tech Ops; Discipline; Trails, teasers and promos

Chapter 15 Specialized programming

223

(26)

The news round-up

223

(2)

Content and style; A typical format; Jingles and 'beds'

Features and documentaries

225

(3)

Using audio; The essence; Setting up; Editing

Outside broadcasts

228

(2)

Planning; Radio links; ISDN landlines; Telephone links; Couriers; Standby presenters

Phone-ins

230

(3)

Selecting subjects; Studio operations; Phone-in presenters; The delay; Problem phone-ins

The music-speech mix

233

(2)

Qualities of presenter; The right mix; Blending

Elections

235

(5)

General guidelines; Closing of nominations; Programme packages; Discussion programmes; Other news items; Election phone-ins; Opinion polls; Polling day

The Chancellor's Budget speech

240

(1)

Experts; The speech itself

Commentaries

241

(2)

Planning; Mood; Style and content; Using silence

Sport

243

(2)

Match reports; The sports diary; Daily sports bulletins

Obituaries

245

(4)

The obit alarm; Breaking the news; Back to normal

Glossary

249

(10)

Index

259

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Basic Radio Journalism

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials