Behavioral Anthropology Toward an Integrated

Behavioral Anthropology is a unique introductory text that combines an intellectual biography with an overview of the methodological principles of cross-cultural research. Each chapter deals with a specific methodological issue: research design; the role of theory; strategies for measuring behavior; psychological or situational variables; samples and surveys simple and complex methods of data analysis and interpretation. For those interested in the behavioral approach, this book will be a valuable reference and teaching tool.

Armando Navarro is a political scientist and professor of ethnic studies at the University of California, Riverside

Introduction

xi

Acknowledgments

xv

1 What Is Behavioral Anthropology?

1

(17)

Distinctive features and contribution of behavioral anthropology

2 Becoming a Behavioral Anthropologist

18

(24)

Early training in the physical and social sciences

Interdisciplinary Team Research: The Tri-Ethnic Project

Dissertation research

3 Measuring Behavior

42

(22)

Self-reports and behavioral choices

Ratings by peers and authority figures

Use of public records

Measures of drinking behavior

4 Simple Data Analysis

64

(27)

What is a correlation coefficient?

Development of "Pattern Analysis"

Analysis and Interpretation of the Tri-Ethnic data

5 Research Design

91

(30)

Designing the Navajo Urban Relocation Research Project

The Method of Multiple Models

The Decision Model: Staying or leaving the city

The Economic Adjustment Model: Wages and unemployment rates

The Social Assimilation Model:,Social relations and drinking behavior

The Personal Adjustment Model: Use of police records

The "Culture of Poverty" Model: Wages and arrest rates

The Migrant Stress and Health Model: Blood pressure and symptoms

Distinctive design features: Convergent methodology

6 Measuring Psychological Variables

121

(28)

The role of psychological variables in behavioral anthropology

Alternative strategies for measuring psychological variables

7 Social Channeling of Behavior

149

(19)

Social pressures and social constraints

Psychological motivation and social conformity

8 Samples and Surveys

168

(21)

Sampling theory and methods

The Navajo Migrant Project and Reservation Comparison Sample

9 Direct Observations of Behavior

189

(22)

Observing group differences in "Proxemic Behavior"

Observing childrearing behavior in three cultures

Strengths and limitations of systematic behavioral observations

10 A Different Kind of Ethnography

211

(31)

Culture change in a Polynesian island: A focus on within-group variability

Cooperative and competitive behavior on Aitutaki: Causes, correlates and consequences

11 Interplay between Theory and Research

242

(30)

The theory of preferred adaptive strategies and drinking behavior

Drinking and violence in New Zealand's pubs: a tri-ethnic study

Polynesian Migrant Adaptation survey

12 Multivariate Analysis and Causal Inferences

272

(22)

Multivariate analysis in behavioral anthropology

Pattern analysis, multiple regression and causal path analysis

13 Research and Application

294

(24)

Interethnic attitudes and stereotypes

Migrant stress and health

Cooperative learning

14 Anthropology in the Twenty-first Century

318

(27)

Looking back: What ever happened to behavioral anthropology?

The evolution of anthropology as a behavioral science

Changes in society, science, and anthropology:

Exorcising the demon of reflexivity

Bringing the "culture wars" to an end

The evolving role of culture on human behavior

The changing culture of anthropology:

Studies of contemporary cultures

Recognizing within-group variability

Shifting emphasis toward the study of behavior

Theoretical and methodological eclecticism

Looking forward: Toward an integrated science of human behavior

References

345

(20)

Appendix A: Navajo Urban Relocation Research Survey Questionnaire

365

(16)

Appendix B: A Test of Need-Achievement for Young Male Navajo Indians, Scoring Manual

381

(14)

Index

395

(14)

About the Author

409

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Behavioral Anthropology Toward an Integrated Science of Human Behavior

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials