Beyond Punishment? A Normative Account of the Collateral Legal Consequences of Conviction

People convicted of crimes are subject to a criminal sentence, but they also face a host of other restrictive legal measures: Some are denied access to jobs, housing, welfare, the vote, or other goods. Some may be deported, may be subjected to continued detention, or may have their criminal records made publicly accessible. These measures are often more burdensome than the formal sentence itself.

In Beyond Punishment?, Zachary Hoskins offers a philosophical examination of these burdensome legal measures, called collateral legal consequences. Drawing on resources in moral, legal, and political philosophy, Hoskins analyzes the various kinds of collateral consequences imposed in different legal systems and the important moral challenges they raise. Can collateral legal consequences ever be justified as forms of criminal punishment or as civil measures? Hoskins contends that, considered as forms of punishment, such restrictions should be constrained by considerations of proportionality and offender reform. He also argues that they may in a limited range of cases be permissible as risk-reductive civil measures. Whether considered as criminal punishment or civil measures, however, collateral legal consequences are justifiable in a far narrower range of cases than we find in current legal practice.

Considering just how pervasive collateral legal consequences have become and their dramatic effects on offenders' lives, Beyond Punishment? sheds valuable light on whether these restrictive measures are ever morally justified.

Zachary Hoskins is Assistant Professor in philosophy at the University of Nottingham. He writes about issues in moral, legal, and political philosophy, especially about normative questions raised by the criminal law and punishment. He has co-edited two books and written more than 20 articles.

Acknowledgements
PART I: The Moral Challenge of Collateral Legal Consequences
Chapter 1: The Other Consequences of Conviction
Chapter 2: Civil Measures or Punishment?
PART II: Collateral Legal Consequences as Punishment
Chapter 3: Traditional Rationales and Constraints
Chapter 4: Contemptuous Punishment
PART III: Collateral Legal Consequences as Civil Measures
Chapter 5: The Case Against Collateral Legal Consequences as Civil Measures
Chapter 6: Non-instrumental Justifications
Chapter 7: Consequentialist Defenses
PART IV: Further Questions
Chapter 8: Prosecutors, Guilty Pleas, and Collateral Legal Consequences
Chapter 9: Collateral Consequences and Criminalization
Bibliography