Biodegradation and Durability of Materials

This volume in the book series New Concepts in Polymer Science deals with the damaging effects, which microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, etc. can have on a range of materials in machinery. The book aims to provide theoretical notions about the mechanisms of material damaging by microorganisms under operation conditions as well as to give recommendations for protection of technical articles and machinery.This monograph consists of the following topics: finding of kinetic regularities, analytical models and quantitative indices for stages material biodamaging; study of influence of properties of materials, features of microorganisms, temperature, humidity and other factors on interaction between a material and a biodestructor; and, compilation of guidelines to determine and forecast biological resistance (bioresistance) of materials, development of means and methods for their protection as well as estimates of their efficiency.This monograph will be of value and interest to researchers and engineers working in fields in which materials are subject to active microbiological aging and destruction.

CONTENTS

v

PREFACE

ix

Introduction

x

Chapter 1

1

(14)

Modern ideas about biodamaging of materials and technical articles. Review of references

1

(14)

1.1. MATERIALS SUBJECT TO DAMAGE AND MICROORGANISMS DESTRUCTORS

2

(5)

1.2. INTERACTION BETWEEN MATERIALS AND MICROORGANISMS-DESTRUCTORS

7

(8)

Chapter 2

15

(6)

General investigation technique

15

(6)

Chapter 3

21

(24)

Process characteristics and features of technical materials damaging by microorganisms under operation conditions

21

(24)

3.1. CHARACTERISTICS AND DETERMINATION METHODS OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MICROORGANISMS-DESTRUCTORS AND MATERIALS

21

(11)

3.2. DAMAGES OF MATERIALS OF TECHNICAL ARTICLES MUCED BY MICROORGANISMS

32

(11)

CONCLUSION

43

(2)

Chapter 4

45

(32)

Adhesive interaction between microorganisms-destructors and materials

45

(32)

4.1. QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION AND PARAMETERS OF THE PROCESS

45

(18)

4.2. DEPENDENCE OF ADHESION ON PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL, SPORES OF MICROSCOPIC FUNGI AND TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY CONDITIONS OF THE SURROUNDINGS

63

(12)

CONCLUSION

75

(2)

Chapter 5

77

(26)

Growth of microorganisms-destructors on materials

5.1. QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION AND INDICES OF THE PROCESS

77

(7)

5.2. DEPENDENCE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL GROWTH ON PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL, MICROORGANISM AND TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY CONDITIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENT

84

(16)

CONCLUSION

100

(3)

Chapter 6

103

(46)

Material properties variation under the action of microorganisms

103

(46)

6.1. CHANGES IN MATERIAL PROPERTIES INDUCED BY PHYSICAL PROCESSES

103

(33)

6.1.1. Adsorption of microscopic fungus metabolites on the surface of polymeric materials

104

(12)

6.1.2. Sorption of microorganism metabolites in the polymer volume

116

(12)

6.1.3. Plasticizes desorption from PVC-plasticate

128

(8)

6.1.4. Biomass contamination of fuels and lubricants

136

(1)

6.2. CHANGES IN MATERIAL PROPERTIES INDUCED BY CHEMICAL PROCESSES

136

(5)

6.2.1. Chemical degradation of polymeric materials induced by metabolites of microscopic fungi

137

(5)

6.2.2. Electrochemical corrosion of St. 3 steel and D-16 aluminum alloy in contact with microorganisms

142

CONCLUSION

141

(8)

Chapter 7

149

(26)

Protection of materials and technical facilities against microbiological damage

149

(26)

7.1. SYSTEM APPROACH TO RAISING MICROBIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE OF MATERIALS AND ARTICLES. INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUES FOR STUDYING MICROBIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE OF materials and efficiency of protection facilities

149

(5)

7.2. MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND PROGNOSIS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL DAMAGING OF MATERIALS

154

(11)

7.2.1. Extrapolation of the information about the process

155

(5)

7.2.2. Mathematical modeling of the process

160

(5)

7.3. METHODS AND FACILITIES FOR PROTECTION OF ARTICLES AGAINST MICROBIOLOGICAL DAMAGES

165

(6)

CONCLUSION

171

(4)

Appendix 1

175

(18)

The effect of various factors on damaging of polymeric materials by microorganisms

175

(18)

TEMPERATURE AND AIR HUMIDITY

177

(1)

THE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ACTIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS-DESTRUCTORS

177

(4)

AGING OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS

181

(4)

POLLUTION COMPOSITION

185

(2)

THE EFFECT OF TECHNOGENIC MAGNETIC FIELDS

187

(6)

Appendix 2

193

(4)

Kinetics of radial growth of Aspergillus colonies at different temperatures

193

(4)

Appendix 3

197

(8)

Kinetics of acids excretion in medium by mycelial micromycetes colonies

197

(8)

References

205

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Biodegradation and Durability of Materials Under the Effect of Microorganisms

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Table of Contents

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