Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement

Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement, Second Edition is an authoritative reference to the scientific foundations underpinning clinical orthodontics.

Led by an expert editor team and with contributions from an international group of contributors, the book covers key topics including bone biology, the effects of mechanical loading on tissues and cells, genetics, inflammation, tissue remodeling and the effects of diet, drugs, and systemic diseases. Highly-illustrated throughout, this second edition has been fully revised, updated and expanded to new developments in genomics, rapid orthodontics and current controversies in tooth movement research.

Trainees, qualified specialists and researchers in orthodontics can rely on this comprehensive text to inform them about the clinical and scientific implications of the biological mechanisms involved in the movement of teeth.

Vinod Krishnan, Professor and Head of Orthodontics, Sri Sankara Dental College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Dr Krishnan’s research interests in orthodontics revolve around the biology of tooth movement, side effects of orthodontic mechanics, interactive and interdisciplinary orthodontics and the latest innovations in orthodontic materials. He maintains a specialty orthodontic practice alongside his academic post, and is, with Dr Davidovitch, the co-editor of Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement, 1st edition (Wiley, 2009) and Integrated Clinical Orthodontics (Wiley, 2012).

Ze’ev Davidovitch, Emeritus Professor of Orthodontics, Harvard University; and Clinical Professor of Orthodontics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Dr Davidovitch is an authority on all aspects of clinical orthodontics and the associated biological and medical connections but has particular expertise in the effects of low level electrical microcurrents and piezoelectric phenomena in bone during tooth movement. His publication list contains over 100 articles and book chapters and with Dr Krishnan he is the co-editor of Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement, 1st edition (Wiley, 2009) and Integrated Clinical Orthodontics (Wiley, 2012).

Contributors viii

Preface to the first edition x

Preface to the second edition xi

Part 1: Evolution of biological concepts

1 Biological basis of orthodontic tooth movement: An historical perspective 3
Ze'ev Davidovitch and Vinod Krishnan

2 Biology of orthodontic tooth movement: The evolution of hypotheses and concepts 15
Vinod Krishnan and Ze’ev Davidovitch

3 Cellular and molecular biology behind orthodontic tooth movement 30
Vinod Krishnan Rodrigo F. Viecilli and Ze’ev Davidovitch

Part 2: Mechanics meets biology

4 The effects of mechanical loading on hard and soft tissues and cells 53
Itzhak Binderman Lital Young Hila Bahar Nasser Gadban and Avinoam Yaffe

5 Biological aspects of bone growth and metabolism in orthodontics 62
Song Chen James K. Hartsfield Jr. and W. Eugene Roberts

6 Mechanical load sex hormones and bone modeling 82
Sara H. Windahl and Ulf H. Lerner

7 Biological reactions to temporary anchorage devices 97
Gang Wu Jing Guo Haikun Hu and Vincent Everts

Part 3: Inflammation and tooth-moving orthodontic forces

8 Oral and periodontal microbiology and orthodontic treatment: Changes effects and alterations 111
Ellen Ghijselings Carine Carels and Jan van Gastel

9 The role of inflammation in defining the type and pattern of tissue response in orthodontic tooth movement 121
Masaru Yamaguchi and Gustavo Pompermaier Garlet

10 Markers of paradental tissue remodeling in the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of orthodontic patients 138
Laura R. Iwasaki

Part 4: Personalized diagnosis and treatment based upon genomic criteria

11 Genetic influences on orthodontic tooth movement 147
Maggie Zeichner-David

12 Personalized orthodontics: Limitations and possibilities in orthodontic practice 164
James K. Hartsfield Jr.

13 The effect of drugs and diet on orthodontic tooth movement 173
Vinod Krishnan James J. Zahrowski and Ze’ev Davidovitch

Part 5: Rapid orthodontics

14 Biologic orthodontics: Methods to accelerate or decelerate orthodontic tooth movement 191
Vinod Krishnan and Ze’ev Davidovitch

15 Corticotomy and postmodern incarnations of surgically facilitated orthodontic therapy (SFOT) 210
Neal C. Murphy William M. Wilcko and Nabil F. Bissada

Part 6: Long-term effects of tooth-moving forces

16 Mechanical and biological determinants of iatrogenic injuries in orthodontics 231
Vinod Krishnan and Ze’ev Davidovitch

17 The biological background of relapse of orthodontic tooth movement 248
Jaap C. Maltha Vaska Vandevska-Radunovic and Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman

Part 7: Tooth-movement research

18 Controversies in tooth-movement research 263
Vinod Krishnan and Ze’ev Davidovitch

19 Planning and executing tooth-movement research 279
Ze’ev Davidovitch Rajesh Ramachandran and Vinod Krishnan

Index 295

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