Biological Physics Of The Developing Embryo

"Written to be accessible both to biologists and physicists, major stages and components of biological development are introduced and then analyzed from the viewpoint of physics. The presentation of physical models requires no mathematics beyond basic calculus. With full-color figures throughout, this comprehensive textbook teaches biophysics by application to developmental biology, and is suitable for undergraduate and graduate courses in physics and biology."--BOOK JACKET.

Acknowledgments

vii

Introduction: Biology and physics

1

(5)

The cell: fundamental unit of developmental systems

6

(18)

The eukaryotic cell

6

(2)

Diffusion

8

(7)

Osmosis

15

(1)

Viscosity

16

(5)

Elasticity and viscoelasticity

21

(1)

Perspective

22

(2)

Cleavage and blastula formation

24

(27)

The cell biology of early cleavage and blastula formation

24

(5)

Physical processes in the cleaving blastula

29

(10)

Physical models of cleavage and blastula formation

39

(11)

Perspective

50

(1)

Cell states: stability, oscillation, differentiation

51

(26)

Gene expression and biochemical state

52

(1)

How physics describes the behavior of a complex system

53

(4)

Oscillatory processes in early development

57

(6)

Multistability in cell-type diversification

63

(13)

Perspective

76

(1)

Cell adhesion, compartmentalization, and lumen formation

77

(22)

Adhesion and differential adhesion in development

78

(2)

The cell surface

80

(1)

Cell adhesion: specific and nonspecific aspects

81

(3)

The kinetics of cell adhesion

84

(6)

Differential adhesion of embryonic tissues

90

(5)

The physics of cell sorting

95

(2)

Perspective

97

(2)

Epithelial morphogenesis: gastrulation and neurulation

99

(32)

Physical properties of epithelia

100

(8)

Gastrulation

108

(9)

Convergence and extension

117

(5)

Neurulation

122

(6)

Perspective

128

(1)

Appendix: Linear stability analysis

128

(3)

Mesenchymal morphogenesis

131

(24)

Development of the neural crest

134

(4)

The extracellular matrix: networks and phase transformations

138

(11)

Mesenchymal condensation

149

(5)

Perspective

154

(1)

Pattern formation: segmentation, axes, and asymmetry

155

(33)

Basic mechanisms of cell pattern formation

157

(5)

Segmentation

162

(6)

Epithelial patterning by juxtacrine signaling

168

(3)

Mesoderm induction by diffusion gradients

171

(2)

Reaction-diffusion systems

173

(4)

Control of axis formation and left-right asymmetry

177

(10)

Perspective

187

(1)

Organogenesis

188

(35)

Development of the cardiovascular system

190

(7)

Fractals and their biological significance

197

(6)

Branching morphogenesis: development of the salivary gland

203

(7)

Vertebrate limb development

210

(12)

Perspective

222

(1)

Fertilization: generating one living dynamical system from two

223

(25)

Development of the egg and sperm

224

(9)

Interaction of the egg and sperm

233

(3)

Propagation of calcium waves: spatiotemporal encoding of postfertilization events

236

(6)

Surface contraction waves and the initiation of development

242

(5)

Perspective

247

(1)

Evolution of developmental mechanisms

248

(25)

The physical origins of developmental systems

249

(7)

Analyzing an evolutionary transition using physical concepts: segmentation in insects

256

(6)

The evolution of developmental robustness

262

(10)

Perspective

272

(1)

Glossary

273

(18)

References

291

(36)

Index

327

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Biological Physics Of The Developing Embryo

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials