Blueprints Emergency Medicine

The Second Edition ofBlueprints Emergency Medicinecovers the essentials of emergency medicine that students need to know during their rotation and while preparing for the USMLE. The thoroughly updated and reorganized Second Edition features coverage of the most common conditions encountered on the wards. Completely reorganized to cover the most common acute conditions first, followed by a systems-based approach to emergency medicine Expanded coverage of trauma, bioterrorism, and pediatric emergencies Greatly increased number of figures, tables, and algorithms 75 board-format Q&As with answer explanations Now includes evidence-based referencesTotally revised, thoroughly updated, and trusted by students, theBlueprintsseries keeps getting better.

Contributor to the first edition

ix

Reviewers

x

Preface

xii

Acknowledgments

xiii

Abbreviations

xiv

PART ONE: Cardiovascular Emergencies

1

(42)

Acute Coronary Syndromes

2

(7)

Dysrhythmias

9

(13)

Congestive Heart Failure

22

(4)

Hypertensive Emergencies

26

(4)

Acute Aortic Dissections

30

(3)

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

33

(2)

Occlusive Arterial Disease

35

(2)

Pericarditis/Tamponade

37

(3)

Infective Endocarditis

40

(3)

PART TWO: Pulmonary Emergencies

43

(18)

Pneumothorax

44

(2)

Venous Thromboembolic Disease

46

(4)

Asthma

50

(2)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

52

(3)

Pneumonia

55

(3)

Tuberculosis

58

(3)

PART THREE: Trauma

61

(36)

General Approach to the Trauma Patient

62

(2)

Head Trauma

64

(3)

Facial Trauma

67

(3)

Spinal Trauma

70

(5)

Chest Trauma

75

(5)

Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma

80

(4)

Orthopedic Injury to the Extremities

84

(5)

Emergency Wound Care

89

(4)

Burns and Electrical Injuries

93

(4)

PART FOUR: Gastrointestinal Emergencies

97

(22)

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

98

(3)

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

101

(2)

Cholecystitis

103

(2)

Appendicitis

105

(3)

Pancreatitis

108

(2)

Bowel Obstruction

110

(3)

Infectious Diarrhea

113

(6)

PART FIVE: Neurologic Emergencies

119

(18)

Acute Stroke

120

(4)

Meningitis

124

(3)

Seizures

127

(3)

Atraumatic Headache

130

(4)

Vertigo

134

(3)

PART SIX: Obstetric/Gynecologic and Urogenital Emergencies

137

(22)

Ectopic Pregnancy

138

(2)

Vaginal Bleeding in First Trimester

140

(3)

Vaginal Bleeding in Third Trimester

143

(2)

Preeclampsia and Eclampsia

145

(3)

Testicular Torsion

148

(2)

Renal Colic

150

(2)

Urinary Tract Infection

152

(3)

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

155

(4)

PART SEVEN: Immunologic, Endocrine, and Electrolyte Emergencies

159

(26)

Anaphylaxis and Allergic Reactions

160

(3)

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

163

(2)

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Coma

165

(2)

Thyroid Disorders

167

(4)

Adrenal Insufficiency and Adrenal Crisis

171

(2)

Potassium Disorders

173

(4)

Sodium Disorders

177

(3)

Calcium Disorders

180

(5)

PART EIGHT: Toxicologic and Environmental Emergencies

185

(30)

General Approach to Overdose

186

(1)

Bioterrorism

187

(2)

Acetaminophen

189

(2)

Salicylates

191

(2)

Drugs of Abuse

193

(2)

Alcohols

195

(3)

Sedative-Hypnotics

198

(2)

Tricyclic Antidepressants

200

(2)

Anticholinergic Intoxication

202

(2)

Digoxin Toxicity

204

(3)

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

207

(2)

Frostbite and Hypothermia

209

(3)

Heat Illness

212

(3)

PART NINE: Pediatric Emergencies

215

(18)

Croup

216

(2)

Bronchiolitis

218

(2)

Pediatric Fever

220

(3)

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

223

(2)

Child Abuse

225

(2)

Pyloric Stenosis

227

(1)

Intussusception

228

(2)

Otitis Media

230

(3)

PART TEN: ENT/Ophthalmologic Emergencies

233

(24)

Retropharyngeal Abscess

234

(2)

Peritonsillar Abscess

236

(2)

Epiglottitis

238

(2)

Ludwig Angina

240

(2)

Otitis Externa

242

(2)

Epistaxis

244

(2)

Traumatic Hyphema

246

(2)

Corneal Abrasion

248

(2)

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

250

(2)

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

252

(2)

Periorbital and Orbital Cellulitis

254

(3)

PART ELEVEN: Psychiatric Emergencies

257

(10)

General Approach to the Psychiatric Patient

258

(2)

Depression and Suicidality

260

(1)

Psychosis

261

(1)

Delirium and Dementia

262

(2)

Panic Disorder

264

(3)

Questions

267

(11)

Answers

278

(7)

Appendix: Evidence-Based Resources

285

(9)

Index

294

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Blueprints Emergency Medicine

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials