Bridging Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalysis Concepts, Strategies, and Applications

This unique handbook fills the gap in the market for an up-to-date work that links both homogeneous catalysis applied to organic reactions and catalytic reactions on surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts.

Can Li received his PhD degree from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (China) in 1988, was promoted to full professor in 1993, and was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2003. He was appointed director of the State Key Laboratory of Catalysis at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics in 1998 and elected to the President of the International Association of Catalysis Societies in 2008. He is a member of the editorial board of more than 15 academic journals and has published more than 400 peer-reviewed papers, authorized 40 patents and delivered more than 60 invited and plenary lectures at national and international conferences. Under his supervision, more than 60 graduate students have obtained their PhD degrees. Among the prestigious awards he received are the International Catalysis Award, the National Award for Outstanding Young Scientists in China, and the HoLeungHoLee Prize. His research interests are physical chemistry, catalysis, environmental catalysis, chiral catalysis, in-situ characterization, resonance and time-resolved spectroscopy, and solar energy utilization (photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis and photovoltaic).

Yan Liu studied chemistry at Lanzhou University (China) and then moved to the State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry at the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry to obtain his PhD degree under the supervision of Prof. Kuiling Ding in 2006. After three years of postdoctoral studies with Prof. Li Deng, Brandeis University (USA), he joined Prof. Can Li?s group at the State Key Laboratory of Catalysis at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics in 2010 as associate professor and was promoted to full professor in 2013.

Preface

ACID-BASE COOPERATIVE CATALYSIS FOR ORGANIC REACTIONS BY DESIGNED SOLID SURFACES WITH ORGANOFUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Introduction
Bifunctional Catalysts Possessing both Acidic and Basic Organic Groups
Bifunctional Catalysts Possessing Basid Organic Groups and Acid Sites Derived from their Support Surface
Prospect

CATALYTIC REACTIONS IN OR BY ROOM TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Introduction and Background
Catalysis with IL-Supported or Mediated Metal Nanoparticles
Reactions Catalyzed by Solids Support IL: Heterogeneous Catalysis with Homogeneous Performance
Outlook

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS WITH ORGANI-INORGANIC HYBRID MATERIALS
Introduction
Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Catalytic Applications of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Conclusion

HOMOGENEOUS ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS USING IMMOBILIZED CHIRAL CATALYSTS
Introduction
Soluble Polymeric Supports and Catalyst Separation Methods
Chiral Linear Polymeric Catalysts
Chiral Dendritic Catalysts
Helical Polymeric Catalysts
Conclusion and Prospect

ENDEAVORS TO BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN HOMO- & HETEROGENEOUS ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS WITH ORGANOMETALLICS
General Introduction
Combinatorial Approach for Homogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis
Self-Supporting Approach for Heterogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis
Conclusions and Outlook

CATALYSIS IN AND ON WATER
Introduction
Catalytic Reactions in and "on" Water
Conclusion

A GREEN CHEMISTRY STRATEGY: FLUOROUS CATALYSIS
History of Fluorous Chemistry
Basics of Fluorous Chemistry
Fluorous Metallic Catalysis
Fluorous Organocatalysis
Conclusion

EMULSION CATALYSIS: INTERFACE BETWEEN HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Introduction
Emulsion Catalysis in the Oxidative Desulfurization
Emulsion Catalysis in the Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Organic Reaction
Emulsion Catalysis in Reactions with Organocatalysts
Emulsion Formed with Polymer Bounded Catalysts
Conclusion and Perspective

IDENTIFICATION OF BINDING AND REACTIVE SITES IN METAL CLUSTER CATALYSIS: HOMOGENEOUS-HETEROGENEOUS BRIDGES
Introduction
Control of Binding in Metal-Carbonyl Clusters via Ligand Effects
Imaging of CO Binding on Nobel Metal Clusters
Imaging of Open Sites in Metal Cluster Catalysis
Elucidating Kinetic Contributions of Open Sites: Kinetic Poisoning Experiments Using Organic Ligands
More Approaches to Poisoning Open Catalytic Active Sites to Obtain Structure Function Relationships
Supported Molecular Iridium Clusters for Ethylene Hydrogenation
Summary and Outlook

CATALYSIS IN POROUS-MATERIAL-BASED NANOREACTORS: A BRIDGE BETWEEN HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Introduction
Preparation of Nanoreactors Based on Porous Materials
Assembly of the Molecular Catalysts in Nanoreactor
Catalytic Reactions in Nanoreactor
Conclusions and Perspectives

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS BY GOLD CLUSTERS
Introduction
Preparation of Gold Clusters
Characterization of Gold Clusters
Catalysis by Gold Clusters
Conclusions and Perspectives

ASYMMETRIC PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS
Introduction
Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts
Asymmetric Phase-Transfer Catalytic Reactions and Applications
Concluding Remarks

CATALYSIS IN SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
Introduction
Features of Supercritical Fluids and Related Catalytic Reactions
Examples of the Reactions in SCFs
Summary and Conclusions

HYDROFORMYLATION OF OLEFINS IN AQUEOUS-ORGANIC BIPHASIC CATALYTIC SYSTEMS
Introduction
Water-Soluble Rhodium Phosphin Complex Catalytic Systems
Mechanism
Hydroformylation of Lower Olefins
Hydroformulation of Higher Olefin
Hydroformulation of Internal Olefins
Conclusion and Outlook

RECENT PROGRESS IN ENZYME CATALYSIS IN REVERSE MICELLES
Introduction
Enzyme Catalysis in Molecular Organic Solvent-Based Reverse Micelles
Enzyme Catalysis in Ionic Liquid-Based Reverse Micelles
Applications of Enzyme Catalysis in Reverse Micelles
Concluding Remarks

THE MOLECULAR KINETICS OF THE FISCHER-TROPSCH REACTION
Introduction
Basics of FT Kinetics
Molecular Microkinetics Simulations
The Lumped Microkinetics Model
Transient Kinetics Simulations
Conclusion and Summary