The Buddhist Religion

, by Robinson, Richard H.; Johnson, Willard L.

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ISBN: 9780534207182 | 0534207189
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/1/1996

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This historical introduction to Buddhism presents readers with an engaging exploration of the diversity of thoughts and practices of a wide segment of followers of the Buddha. It covers five main aspects of Buddhism: ritual, devotionalism, doctrine, meditation, practice, and institutional history.

Preface	p. xiv
Map: The World of Buddhism	p. xvi
Abbreviations	p. xviii
Introduction	p. xix
The Buddha's Awakening	p. 1
The Social and Religious Context of Early Buddhism	p. 1
Issues in Early North Indian Thought	p. 3
The Quest for Awakening	p. 4
The Birth and Youth of the Bodhisattva	p. 5
The Great Renunciation	p. 6
The Bodhisattva's Studies and Austerities	p. 8
Temptation by Mara	p. 8
The Awakening	p. 9
The Lessons of Awakening	p. 11
The Regularity of Phenomena	p. 11
Nirvana	p. 19
The Awakening as Paradigm	p. 20
The Buddha as Teacher and Power Figure	p. 22
The Response to the Awakened One	p. 22
The Buddha Begins Teaching	p. 24
The First Encounter	p. 24
Setting the Wheel of Dharma in Motion	p. 25
An Analysis of the First Discourse	p. 27
The Four Noble Truths	p. 27
The Stages of Awakening	p. 31
The Spread of the Religion	p. 32
Taking Refuge	p. 32
The Development of the Sangha	p. 33
The Middle Years	p. 35
The Last Days and Beyond	p. 37
Buddhist Devotionalism	p. 39
The Etiquette of Devotion	p. 40
The Development of Early Indian Buddhism	p. 43
Sources	p. 43
The Formation of the Canons	p. 45
The Early Monastic Lineages	p. 46
The Early Councils and the Attitude toward Sectarianism	p. 48
Norms for Religious Life	p. 49
The Code of Discipline for Monks	p. 49
Communal Governance	p. 51
The Life of the Monks	p. 52
The Life of the Nuns	p. 54
The Laity	p. 56
Asoka	p. 58
Abhidharma	p. 62
The Lists (Matrka)	p. 63
Points of Controversy: The Nature of the Individual	p. 65
Points of Controversy: The Nature of Existence	p. 66
Past-Life Narratives	p. 67
Jatakas and the Perfections	p. 68
Avadanas and the Buddha-Field	p. 70
The Stupa Cult	p. 72
The Period of the Three vehicles	p. 75
Social Background	p. 75
The Cult of Maitreya	p. 78
Monuments to the Triple Gem	p. 80
Buddha and Bodhisattva Images	p. 80
The Cult of the Book	p. 82
The Topography of Sacred Narrative	p. 83
The Search for the Mahayana	p. 84
The Ugrapariprccha	p. 86
The Aksobhya-Vyuha	p. 87
The Perfection of Discernment in 8,000 Lines	p. 88
The Bodhisattva Elites	p. 90
Two Levels of Truth	p. 91
Vaibhasikas and Sautrantikas	p. 92
Nagarjuna	p. 94
Early Medieval Indian Buddhism	p. 99
Portraits of a Buddhist Empire	p. 99
Mahayana Sutras	p. 103
The Dasabhumika Sutra	p. 104
The Sukhavati-Vyuha Sutras	p. 105
Issues in the Perfection of Discernment	p. 106
Scholastic Philosophy	p. 116
Vasubandhu and the Abhidharmakosa	p. 118
Asanga and the Yogacara	p. 119
Bhavaviveka and the Madhyamaka	p. 121
Buddhism in Late Medieval and Modern India	p. 124
The Culture of Belligerence	p. 124
Vajrayana	p. 128
Tantras	p. 129
Siddhas	p. 132
Sahaja	p. 135
The Vajra Cosmos	p. 135
The Decimation of Indian Buddhism	p. 138
Buddhism in Nepal	p. 139
The Buddhist Revival	p. 141
Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia	p. 143
The Economy of Merit	p. 143
Buddhism in "Further India"	p. 146
The Theravada Connection	p. 150
The Colonial Period	p. 153
Sri Lanka	p. 154
Burma	p. 155
Thailand	p. 156
The Post-colonial Period	p. 157
Buddhism in the Village	p. 159
Buddhism in the Wilderness	p. 166
Buddhism in the City	p. 169
Buddhism in Central Asia and China	p. 172
Central Asia
The Dharma Travels the Silk Road	p. 172
China
A Grand Assimilation	p. 175
Buddhism on the Fringes of Society	p. 176
Buddhism Enters the Mainstream of Chinese Culture	p. 178
Buddho-Taoism	p. 180
The Rise of Buddhist Scholasticism	p. 183
The Sui and T'ang Dynasties (581-907)	p. 185
T'ien-t'ai	p. 188
Hua-yen	p. 192
Pure Land (Ching-te)	p. 197
The Three-Level Sect (San-chieh-chiao)	p. 199
Ch'an	p. 200
The Sung Dynasty (970-1279)	p. 204
Ch'an Politics	p. 205
Ch'an Meditation	p. 207
The Rise of Neo-Confucianism	p. 209
The Religion of the Masses (1279-1949)	p. 210
Religious Life: Devotional	p. 211
Religious Life: Monastic	p. 213
Religious Life: Lay	p. 213
Modern Chinese Buddhism	p. 215
A Buddhist Charitable Organization	p. 216
Buddhism in Korea and Vietnam	p. 219
A Focal Point for Unity and Differences	p. 219
Korea
The Three Kingdoms Period (18 B.C.E.-688 C.E.)	p. 220
The Unified Silla Dynasty (668-918)	p. 222
Hwaom (Hua-yen)	p. 223
Son (Ch'an)	p. 223
The Koryo Dynasty (918-1392)	p. 224
Uich'on	p. 225
Chinul	p. 225
T'aego	p. 226
The Yi/Choson Dynasty (1392-1910)	p. 227
Japanese Rule (1910-1945) and Its Aftermath	p. 228
Buddhism in Modern Korea	p. 229
Life in a Son Monastery	p. 230
Vietnam
Two Streams of Buddhism Converge	p. 234
The Modern Period	p. 238
Buddhism in Japan	p. 240
The Cult of Charisma	p. 240
The Importation of Korean Buddhism	p. 242
The Importation of Chinese Buddhism	p. 243
The Heian Period (804-1185)	p. 245
The Kamakura Period (1185-1333)	p. 249
Zen	p. 249
Pure Land	p. 252
Nichiren	p. 254
The Muromachi Period (1336-1603)	p. 255
The Tokugawa Period (1603-1868)	p. 258
State Shinto in Control (1868-1945)	p. 260
Modern Urban Buddhism	p. 262
A Religion of Self-Empowerment	p. 264
Buddhism in the Tibetan Cultural Area	p. 268
A Vajrayana Orthodoxy	p. 268
The Dharma Comes to Tibet	p. 269
The First Propagation	p. 270
The Second Propagation	p. 273
The Period of Consolidation	p. 277
Historical Issues	p. 277
Texts	p. 278
Doctrinal Systems	p. 279
Politics	p. 281
The Age of the Dalai Lamas	p. 283
The Dynamics of Tibetan Ritual	p. 286
A Tradition at the Crossroads	p. 291
Buddhism Comes West	p. 292
Europe's Early Contact with Buddhism	p. 292
The Awakening Meets the Enlightenment	p. 293
Buddhism and the Science of Humanity	p. 294
The Appropriation of Buddhist Ideas	p. 297
The Crisis of Cultural Relativism	p. 299
Calls for Reform	p. 303
The Varieties of Buddhism in North America	p. 306
Parent Traditions	p. 307
Modes of Transmission	p. 307
Grafting onto American Roots	p. 309
An Overview of the Three Major Canons	p. 312
Pronunciation Guide	p. 316
Glossary	p. 321
Select Bibliography	p. 330
Index	p. 341
Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved.

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The Buddhist Religion

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