Cardiovascular Pharmacology: Endothelial Control

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ISBN: 9780123850614 | 0123850614
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 12/7/2010

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Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of death and disability in developed countries and, increasingly so, in the developing world. Presented in this volume of Advances in Pharmacology are some of the most promising possibilities for treating large numbers of individuals afflicted with these conditionsThis volume contains up-to-date reviews of the most important emerging cardiovascular therapies written by world leaders in the field.

Contributors	p. ix
Foreword	p. xiii
The Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology of Endothelin-I	p. 1
Introduction	p. 2
Cardiovascular Physiology of ET-1	p. 2
Conclusion	p. 15
References	p. 16
Vascular Pharmacology of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids	p. 27
Introduction	p. 28
Biochemistry	p. 28
EETs and Vascular Tone	p. 29
EETs and Inflammation	p. 39
EETs and Angiogenesis	p. 43
Conclusion	p. 47
References	p. 50
Prostaglandins in Action: Indispensable Roles of Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in Endothelium-Dependent Contractions	p. 61
Introduction	p. 62
COX Isozymes	p. 63
COX-1 and COX-2 in Patho/Physiological States	p. 65
Controversies over COX-2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Events	p. 74
Conclusion	p. 76
References	p. 77
TP Receptors and Oxidative Stress: Hand in Hand from Endothelial Dysfunction to Atherosclerosis	p. 85
Introduction	p. 86
Arachidonic Acid Derivatives and Oxidative Stress	p. 88
Vascular Function	p. 89
Vascular Inflammation	p. 95
Atherosclerosis	p. 96
Implications for Clinical Usefulness of TP Antagonists	p. 100
References	p. 102
Regulation of Endothelial Cell Tetrahydrobiopterin: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications	p. 107
Introduction	p. 108
Chemistry and Synthesis of Pterins	p. 109
The Role of BH₄ in NOS Function-Concept of NOS Uncoupling	p. 114
NOS Uncoupling in Diseases	p. 115
Structural Characteristics of GTPCH-1 and Posttranslational Modulation	p. 122
Conclusion	p. 126
References	p. 127
Polyphenol-Induced Endothelium-Dependent Relaxations: Role of NO and EDHF	p. 133
Introduction: The Epidemiological Evidence	p. 134
Polyphenols Induce Endothelium-Dependent Responses In Vitro and Ex Vivo	p. 135
Polyphenols and Endothelial Function In Vivo	p. 161
Conclusion	p. 163
References	p. 164
Organic Nitrates and Nitrate Tolerance-State of the Art and Future Developments	p. 177
Introduction	p. 178
The Phenomenon of Nitrate Tolerance	p. 182
Oxidative Stress	p. 187
Bioactivation of Organic Nitrates	p. 192
Strategies to Overcome Nitrate Tolerance	p. 206
New Nitrates	p. 210
Conclusion, Outlook, and Clinical Relevance	p. 211
References	p. 214
Vascular Actions of Adipokines: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications	p. 229
Introduction	p. 230
Cross-Talk Between Adipose Tissue and Blood Vessels	p. 231
Modulation of Vascular Function by Adipokines	p. 232
Adiponectin and A-FABP as Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Diseases	p. 243
Conclusion	p. 246
References	p. 247
Cardiovascular Effects of Erythropoietin: An Update	p. 257
Introduction	p. 258
Pharmacokinetics of Erythropoietin	p. 259
Signal Transduction by Erythropoietin	p. 261
Mechanisms of Vascular Protective Effects of Erythropoietin	p. 263
Erythropoietin and Cardioprotection	p. 269
Erythropoietin and Cerebrovascular Disorders	p. 271
Erythropoietin and Progenitor Cells	p. 272
Conclusion	p. 274
References	p. 276
Index	p. 287
Contents of previous volumes	p. 295
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