Changing France The Politics that Markets Make

How do European states adjust to international markets? Why do French governments of both left and right face a public confidence crisis? In this book, leading experts on France chart the dramatic changes that have taken place in its polity, economy and society since the 1980s and develop an analysis of social change relevant to all democracies.

PEPPER D. CULPEPPER is Associate Professor of Public Policy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, USA. He has published extensively on the subject of institutional change in advanced capitalist countries, including the books Creating Cooperation: The Politics of Human Capital Development in Europe and The German Skills Machine.

PETER A. HALL is Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies. He is author or editor of many works on European politics, including Governing the Economy, Varieties of Capitalism and Developments in French Politics.

BRUNO PALIER is Chargé de Recherches the CNRS at the Centre d'études de la vie politique française de Sciences-po Paris (CEVIPOF), France. His research deals with globalization and change in national welfare states, and his books include Globalization and European Welfare States, Gouverner la Sécurité Sociale, and La Réforme des Retraites.

Figures	p. ix
Tables	p. x
Preface to the Paperback Edition	p. xi
Notes on Contributors	p. xv
Introduction: the Politics of Social Change in France	p. 1
Two sets of structural challenges	p. 2
The trajectory of changes in policy	p. 5
The societal dynamics of change	p. 8
Governance in contemporary France	p. 12
Political representation and malaise	p. 15
The dynamics of social change	p. 21
Notes	p. 25

Capitalism, Coordination, and Economic Change: the French Political Economy since 1985	p. 29
Introduction	p. 29
The statist model	p. 31
The breakdown of the statist political economy	p. 35
Is there a French variety of capitalism?	p. 45
Notes	p. 47
New Patterns of Industrial Relations and Political Action since the 1980s	p. 50
Introduction: a new institutional rationalization	p. 50
The industrial relations pattern since 1945	p. 52
The return of the market	p. 54
Civil society's changes	p. 60
The state's new interventions	p. 68
Results and prospects	p. 73
Notes	p. 76
The Transformation of Corporate Governance in France	p. 80
Introduction	p. 80
Structural and external changes in French corporate governance	p. 82
The transformation of French corporate governance: an empirical (and comparative) evaluation	p. 84
The choice of a shareholder-value strategy: a theoretical framework	p. 89
The historical foundations of the diversification strategy in France	p. 91
Concentration of power and organization of the workplace	p. 94
Discussion	p. 96
Conclusion	p. 101
Notes	p. 102

The Long Good Bye to Bismarck? Changes in the French Welfare State	p. 107
Introduction	p. 107
The Keynesian compromises in French social policy	p. 108
Balancing the budget of Securite sociale	p. 111
Retrenchments in social insurance	p. 114
The progressive dualization of the welfare system	p. 118
Conclusion	p. 126
Notes	p. 128
Different Nation, Same Nationhood: the Challenges of Immigrant Policy	p. 129
Introduction	p. 129
Constructing immigrants as a public problem and integration as the solution	p. 132
The emergence of an anti-discrimination policy frame: how much of a change?	p. 140
Conclusion	p. 147
Notes	p. 147
Social Generations, Life Chances and Welfare Regime Sustainability	p. 150
Introduction	p. 150
Definitions	p. 151
Process of generational replacement and social change	p. 151
The multidimensional fracture generationnelle in France	p. 154
The American way of cohort inequality and prosperity	p. 165
France and the US: two divergent welfare systems?	p. 172
Notes	p. 173

The Government of the European Union and a Changing France	p. 179
Introduction	p. 179
A government in all but name	p. 180
Three recurrent features of Europeanized French politics	p. 185
Conclusion	p. 195
Notes	p. 196
The Ongoing March of Decentralisation within the Post-Jacobin State	p. 198
Introduction	p. 198
'Jacobinism tamed' and economic centralisation within the French Republic	p. 199
From the Jacobin state to the Republique decentralisee: decentralisation dynamics within a more urban society	p. 200
Long-term radical change without revolution: the combined dynamics of political competition and state restructuring	p. 210
Conclusion	p. 215
Notes	p. 219

The French Party System and the Crisis of Representation	p. 223
Introduction	p. 223
Establishment of the bipolar multiparty system with two dominant parties	p. 224
Forces destabilizing the system (1981-2002)	p. 228
Convergence, Fragmentation and Majority-Cycling in French Public Opinion	p. 244
Introduction	p. 244
Electoral change since 1981: political fragmentation and depression	p. 247
Changing values: liberalism, neo-conservatism and polarisation	p. 252
Democratic capacity: the quality of political representation	p. 265
Conclusion: towards a locked-in consensus?	p. 272
Notes	p. 274
Representation in Trouble	p. 276
Introduction	p. 276
Representing civil society	p. 278
Parties in decline, participation on the rise	p. 280
Open borders = vulnerability	p. 283
The public-private divide	p. 288
Reforming representation?	p. 289
Postscriptum	p. 290
Notes	p. 291
Bibliography	p. 292
Index	p. 315
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Changing France The Politics that Markets Make

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